Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

I report five cases of occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery from one general practice; four of these occurred in one year.THE COMMON CLINICAL FEATURES WERE: acute diarrhoea and vomiting in elderly persons (all over 70) with abdominal pain and distension and shock. All had a previous history of auricular fibrillation and cardiac failure and past episodes of clinical arterial occlusive disorders had been experienced by four. Each diagnosis was confirmed at operation and all five patients died. It is important for general practitioners to recognize this syndrome.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1979 Sep
PMID:Acute superior mesenteric artery occlusion: problems of pre-operative diagnosis. 52 38

The blood hydrocortisone and corticosterone content and the aldosterone level in the urine were determined for 24 hours in patients with congenital heart disease before and after operative treatment. In patients with symptoms of cardiac insufficiency both glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid activity of the adrenal cortex was marked by deviations from the diurnal physiological rhythm. This is reflected in the continuous activation of the adrenal cortex during 24 hours; activation of mineralocorticoid function in the evening and during the night is a particularly characteristic phenomenon.
Kardiologiia 1977 Sep
PMID:[Diurnal rhythm of the adrenal cortex function in patients with circulatory disorders]. 56 52

A 72-year-old man with coronary heart disease and renal failure required hospitalization because of digoxin intoxication with severe arrhythmias and generalised heart failure. The intoxication was successfully treated and sinus rhythm rapidly restored after administration of heterologous digoxin-specific F(ab')2 antibody fragments. There were no side-effects and the heart failure improved after treatment.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1979 Sep 07
PMID:[Antibody treatment of digoxin intoxication in a patient with renal failure (author's transl)]. 57 99

This study comprises 81 thyrotoxic patients with onset after the age of 60. In elderly persons, toxic multinodular goiter is the most common cause (68%) of hyperthyroidism, followed by solitary thyroid nodules (16%) and Graves' disease (16%). Cardiovascular disorders (cardiac failure, arrythmias etc.) constitute the first and often the only symptom in 62% of the cases. The other forms of appearance are both various and deceptive: depression, slight fever, asthenia or nausea. Separate analysis of the three forms of hyperthyroidism did not reveal clinical, biological or therapeutic differences between them, except an inferior rate of captation for the toxic nodules. Isolated measurement of T3 or T4 is often insufficient to confirm the diagnosis because either of these hormones may appear at a normal rate. In three cases only the free thyroxin index was pathological on first determination. The authors have established that the autonomous nodules are larger and more active after, rather than before, 60 years of age, and have attempted to define their morphological identity. The results of the treatment are analyzed and preference is expressed for radioactive iodine in every form of hyperthyroidism.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1978 Sep 30
PMID:[Hyperthyroidism in older patients]. 58 12

The input impedance of the systemic circulation was calculated from recordings of pulsatile pressure and flow in the ascending aorta of 20 patients. Ten patients had clinical and hemodynamic evidence of heart failure. The other 10 subjects had no clinical evidence of heart failure and were used as a control group. In the heart failure patients, both input resistance and characteristic impedance (index of aortic distensibility) were significantly increased compared to pressure- and age-matched control subjects. Oscillations of impedance moduli, represented by the difference between maximum and minimum moduli, were also significantly increased in the heart failure patients compared with the control subjects. The increased characteristic input impedance in these heart failure patients suggests that the human aorta is stiffer in heart failure, and the larger oscillations in the impedance spectrum indicate an increase in pressure and flow wave reflections. From reflected wave theory in elastic tubes, reflected pressure waves add to the amplitude of incident pressure waves at the entrance of the system, whereas reflected flow waves subtract from the magnitude of the forward flow. Thus, changes in aortic distensibility could have an important influence on the pulsatile function of the failing left ventricle.
Circulation 1978 Sep
PMID:Aortic input impedance in heart failure. 67 36

Thirteen patients with severe cardiac failure underwent a single crossover study of dopamine and dobutamine in order to compare the systemic and regional hemodynamic effects of the two drugs. The dose-response data demonstrated that dobutamine (2.5--10 microgram/kg/min) progressively and predictably increases cardiac output by increasing stroke volume, while simultaneously decreasing systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. There was no change in heart rate or premature ventricular contractions (PVCs)/min at this dose range. Dopamine (2--8 microgram/kg/min) increased the stroke volume and cardiac output at 4 microgram/kg/min. Dopamine at less than 4 microgram/kg/min provided little additional increase in cardiac output and increased the pulmonary wedge pressure and the number of PVCs/min. At greater than 6 microgram/kg/min, dopamine increased heart rate. During the 24-hour maintenance-dose infusion of each drug (dopamine 3.7--4, dobutamine 7.3--7.7 microgram/kg/min), only dobutamine maintained a significant increase of stroke volume, cardiac output, urine flow, urine sodium concentration, creatinine clearance and peripheral blood flow. Renal and hepatic blood flow were not signfiicantly altered by the maintenance dose of either drug. Systemic and regional hemodynamic data suggest that dobutamine has many advantages over dopamine when infused in patients with cardiac failure.
Circulation 1978 Sep
PMID:Comparative systemic and regional hemodynamic effects of dopamine and dobutamine in patients with cardiomyopathic heart failure. 67 37

Various ventricular functions, as obtained by echocardiography (M-mode), were measured on 14 patients with solid tumours receiving adriamycin (mean total dosage 330 +/- 188 mg/m2 body surface area), the results being compared with those on 14 normal subjects of similar ages. There were statistically highly significant differences between the two groups. In those receiving the drug there was (1) a decrease in the percentage shortening fraction and (2) a reduction in the maximal velocity of endocardial circumferential fibre shortening, as expression of reduced contractility. The abnormal filling was characterized by a marked decrease in maximal velocity of endocardial fibre stretch, diminution of diameter increase during the rapid filling phase, and a shortened duration of the rapid filling phase. There was no electrocardiographic or radiological evidence of myocardial damage. The findings suggest that it will be possible by serial echocardiography to recognize a higher tolerance to the drug in some individuals and, at the same time, reveal abnormal contractility and filling due to adriamycin before irreversible heart failure has occurred.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1978 Sep 08
PMID:[Abnormal left-ventricular contraction and filling in patients receiving adriamycin for solid tumours (author's transl)]. 67 56

We determined alterations in plasma and red-cell electrolyte concentrations associated with digoxin administration in 11 children in heart failure, 24 nontoxic patients receiving maintenance digoxin and 11 children in whom digoxin toxicity developed. Twenty normal children served as controls. Digoxin therapy was associated with a mean (+/- S.E.M.) increase in red-cell sodium from a pretreatment level of 6.2 +/- 0.7 meq per liter to 11.9 +/- 1.2 meq per liter and a decrease in red-cell potassium from 105.4 +/- 1.4 to 99.5 +/- 1.9 meq per liter (P less than 0.001). The red-cell sodium levels of toxic patients exceeded those of nontoxic patients whereas the potassium concentrations were lower (P less than 0.001). Toxic patients manifested significantly higher ratios of red-cell sodium to red-cell potassium (0.213 +/- 0.003) than nontoxic patients (0.085 +/- 0.008; P less than 0.001). Changes in red-cell electrolytes are sensitive indicators of digoxin affects.
N Engl J Med 1978 Sep 07
PMID:Relation between plasma and red-cell electrolyte concentrations and digoxin levels in children. 68 6

Eighty-four infants with esophageal atresia and/or tracheosophageal (TE) fistula were treated from 1972 to 1977. Twenty-eight percent were premature and 24% weighed less than 2.0 kg. Major symptoms included excess salivation (56 patients), respiratory distress (28 patients), cyanosis (26 patients), and choking (nine patients). Pneumonia and or atelectasis occurred in 58% and associated anomalies in 68%. Seventy-three of 84 patients (87%) had proximal esophageal atresia and distal TE fistula (type C defect). Operation was carried out in 79 patients. Gastrostomy was performed in 75 patients, often under local anesthesia with subsequent delayed extrapleural thoractomy (mean, 3.9 days), when the infant's pulmonary condition was improved. Primary anastomosis was performed in 55 patients, division TE fistula and esophagostomy in ten, staged anastomosis in seven, cervical esophagostomy alone in three, division H fistual in two, ligation TE fistula alone in one, and gastrostomy alone in one. Complications were frequent, including need for ventilator support in 28 patients, atelectasis in 28, pneumonia in 18, jaundice in 13, heart failure in 11, anastomotic leak in 10, and stricture in four. Operative mortality was 5% (four of 79). Two deaths followed immediate thoracotomy and two were premature with anomalies. There were eight late deaths 4 to 39 months after operation. Seven had multiple anomalies. The overall mortality was 15%. Management of high-risk cases by preliminary gastrostomy and delayed extrapleural thoracotomy is associated with improved survival (67 to 79) (85%). Neonatal intensive care, detection of associated anomalies, and long-term follow-up are essential factors in reducing mortality.
Surgery 1978 Sep
PMID:Esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula: Effect of delayed thoracotomy on survival. 68 29

In order to evaluate the effects of rapid digitalization on LV volumes, ejection fraction, and asynergy, 21 patients without heart failure were studied with a combination of hemodynamic and angiographic techniques before and after administration of intravenous ouabain (0.007 mg./Kg.). Seven patients had no CAD and served as normal (control) subjects (Group I), while 14 patients had extensive coronary disease (Group II). All pre-ouabain parameters were within the normal limits in Group I. After ouabain infusion, all indices of LV contractility: dP/dt, VCF, and ejection fraction rose significantly in the normal group, while LV filling pressure and end-diastolic volume remained unchanged. The baseline hemodynamic and volumetric values for Group II patients corresponded closely to their normal (Group I) counterparts, and exhibited similar changes after ouabain administration. Eight patients in Group II also had regional disorders of LV contractility, delineated by 23 abnormal hemiaxes of shortening. After ouabain, 15 out of 23 asynergic segments (65 per cent) improved, seven remained unchanged, and one worsened. It is therefore concluded that rapid digitalization not only enhances LV performance in normal subjects and in patients with CAD, but can also markedly reduce the extent of LV asynergy.
Am Heart J 1978 Sep
PMID:Effects of rapid digitalization on total and regional myocardial performance in patients with coronary artery disease. 68 6


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