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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In experiments on 183 rats it was shown that cordarone, anapriline, dimedrol and riboxine increasing in experimental cardiac insufficiency tolerance to the cardiotoxic effect of strophanthin differ significantly by their influence on the hemodynamic effects of this cardiac glycoside. Cordarone increased intensity of the hemodynamic effects of strophanthin and accelerated their development. Under the action of anapriline and dimedrol the stimulating effect of strophanthin on hemodynamics decreased to a much lesser degree than its cardiotoxicity. Riboxine virtually abolished the hemodynamic effects of strophanthin.
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PMID:[Influence of kordaron, anaprilin, dimedrol and riboxin on the hemodynamic effects of strophanthin in experimental heart failure]. 337 6

A 26-year-old patient with an irrelevant personal and family-history was treated on account of attacks of relapsing ventricular tachycardia and cardiac failure, mostly dextrolateral. After ruling out other possible causes of the disease--such as embolism of the lungs, ischaemic heart disease, out other possible causes of the disease--such as embolism of the lungs, ischaemic heart disease, Ebstein's anomaly, the diagnosis of an arrhythmogenic right ventricle was established. This disease is suggested by negative T waves in the thoracic leads V1-V3 during sinus rhythm and by the shape of the QRS complex which was the type found in block of the Tawara branch with an axis of + 100 degrees during attacks of ventricular tachycardia. Moreover, ventricular tachycardia of the same type was produced during electrocardiographic examination. On angiographic examination ARVD is suggested by marked trabeculization and impaired kinetics of the outflow tract of the right ventricle. In the prevention of relapses of ventricular tachycardia beta-blockers and Cordarone were successful when used simultaneously with cardiac stimulation type AAI applied on account of a confirmed sinoatrial block.
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PMID:[Arrhythmogenic right ventricle]. 748 38

A total of 187 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) were examined. Out of them 60% were found as having subclinical hypothyroidism. The serum levels of T3 were significantly lower, particularly in arrhythmic CHD, the level of T4 was normal and even increased, thus making the concentrations of TTG normal, i.e. the T3-low-syndrome was detected. Hypothyroidism in CHD patients decreased tissue oxygen consumption, by reducing the incidence of acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, the atherosclerotic process becoming disseminated and progressive. Cordarone therapy was found to promote the progression of T3-hypothyroidism, i.e. in CHD patients with suspected hypothyroidism, the drugs inhibiting the thyroidal function should not be used. T3-Hypothyroidism should be corrected with adequate doses of triiodothyronine in CHD patients. The use of thyroxine is ineffective as the conversion of T4 to T3 is impaired in the body.
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PMID:[Subclinical hypothyroidism in patients with ischemic heart disease]. 814 23

The experiments with isolated rat atria isometrically contracting and those with simulated rat heart failure were performed to study the effects of the alpha-, beta-, and X-blocker cordarone on the pharmacodynamic effects of strophanthin. Cordarone was demonstrated to greatly decrease the toxicity of the cardiotonic in circulatory decompensation, without causing negative effects of cardiac inotropic function. Cordarone in combination with strophanthin slightly diminished the magnitude of the negative chronotropic effect of the cardiac glycoside and slowed down the rate of its cardiotonic effect.
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PMID:[The influence of kordaron on the pharmacodynamic effects of strophanthin in experiments on isolated myocardial preparations and in the modelling of heart failure]. 822 11

The usual frequent tachyarrhythmias well known to the specialists in internal medicine, such as ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation, are not discussed in this publication; nor are the bradycardias connected with the sick sinus syndrome or with atrioventricular block of higher degrees (with one exception). In the first section a stratification of the risk after myocardial infarction is presented including the therapeutic implications. Severely reduced left ventricular function is of most negative prognostic value. After the poor results of the CAST study, which revealed a threefold greater mortality of patients with myocardial infarction and severely impaired left ventricular function under treatment with some antiarrhythmic agents of class I (Vaughan Williams), compared to patients on placebo, cardiologists have resorted to beta-blocking agents again or, in patients with severely reduced left ventricular function, to amiodarone (Cordarone), based on preliminary results of current amiodarone studies. For selected patients, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) devices seem to have a promising future. In the second part some rare and persistent arrhythmias are mentioned that may induce heart failure in an otherwise healthy heart, such as ectopic atrial tachycardia, atrioventricular junctional tachycardia with RP > PR, His bundle tachycardia and idiopathic ventricular tachycardia (this arising only in infants). In the third section some infrequent forms of tachycardia are discussed that may be sporadically encountered in a medical office. Ventricular tachycardia of the type "torsades de pointes" is associated with on a prolonged QT or QTU time in the ECG and is mainly due to drugs (especially antiarrhythmic agents). The therapy consists in withdrawal of the drug and may include magnesium intravenously and even a temporary pacemaker. The tachycardias associated to the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome have gained more practical importance since it has become possible to localize the accessory pathway involved by mapping with subsequent interruption by surgery or ablation. In atrial fibrillation with an ECG pattern of delta waves at the beginning of QRS complexes, digitalis and verapamil are contraindicated since they may induce ventricular fibrillation. The Mobitz type is one, and the most rare, form of the three atrioventricular blocks of second degree. It is almost always combined with an infra-His-bundle conduction disturbance in the conducted beats, and is an immediate precursor of complete atrioventricular block. Patients with the Mobitz block usually need a pacemaker. Finally, two case reports are presented to show that superficial and incorrect diagnosis of an arrhythmia is followed by incorrect and dangerous therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Dangerous arrhythmias]. 849 70

Amiodarone has been used as an anti-arrhythmic drug since the 1970s and has an established role in the treatment of ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Although considered to be a class III anti-arrhythmic, amiodarone also has class I, II and IV actions, which gives it a unique pharmacological and anti-arrhythmic profile. Amiodarone is a structural analogue of thyroid hormone and some of its anti-arrhythmic properties and toxicity may be attributable to interactions with nuclear thyroid hormone receptors. The lipid solubility of amiodarone gives it an exceptionally long half-life. Oral amiodarone takes days to work in ventricular tachyarrhythmias, but iv. amiodarone has immediate effect and can be used in life threatening ventricular arrhythmias. Intravenous amiodarone administered after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation improves survival to hospital admission. Many survivors of myocardial infarction (MI) die during the subsequent year, probably due to ventricular arrhythmia. Amiodarone reduces sudden death after MI and this benefit is predominantly observed in patients with preserved cardiac function. Sudden cardiac death, predominantly due to ventricular arrhythmias, is also commonly seen in patients with heart failure. The Grupo de Estudio de la Sobrevida en lsuficiencia Cardiaca en Argentina (GESICA) and Estudio Piloto Argentino de Muerte Subita y Amiodarona (EPAMSA) trials showed survival benefit of amiodarone in heart failure, whereas Congestive Heart Failure-Survival Trial of Anti-arrhythmic Therapy (CHF-STAT) did not. Subsequent meta-analysis established a survival benefit of amiodarone in heart failure. Implanted Cardioverter Def ibrillators (ICDs) also give survival benefit to patients at risk of sudden death. In patients with a history of ventricular fibrillation or haemodynamically-compromising ventricular tachycardia, ICDs have been shown to be superior to anti-arrhythmic drugs, principally amiodarone. Further analysis has been undertaken to ascertain which patients are most likely to benefit from ICDs, as these are more expensive than treatment with amiodarone. Patients with severely depressed ejection fractions should be the first to be considered for ICDs. A new indication for amiodarone is atrial fibrillation or flutter. Amiodarone is effective in chronic and recent onset atrial fibrillation and orally or iv. for atrial fibrillation after heart surgery. In atrial fibrillation amiodarone is more than or equi-effective with flecainide, quinidine, racemic sotalol, propafenone and diltiazem and therefore should be considered for first line therapy. Amiodarone is also safe and effective in controlling refractory tachyarrhythmias in infants and is safe after cardiac surgery.
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PMID:Amiodarone -- waxed and waned and waxed again. 1182 23