Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The altered haemodynamics of the coronary patient have been investigated in 30 patients both at rest and under conditions of maximal effort as carried out on the bicycle ergometer under the usual conditions for an exercise electrocardiogram. Patients with angina of effort but no previous infarction have normal left ventricular function at rest; under the ischaemia induced by exercise there is acute dysfunction of the left ventricle as witnessed by a reduction in maximal cardiac output, a raised end-diastolic pressure, and changes in compliance which are more marked than those in contractility. Patients with a healed infarct but without sequelae have a rigid left ventricle, but it is not failing; they show normal changes in dP/dt max and in the indices of left ventricular work, but a pathological form of negative peak of dP/dt, of end-diastolic pressure, and of deltaP/deltaV (which reflects myocardial compliance). Patients who have had an infarction with sequelae such as angina or attacks of left ventricular failure have filling pressures which are already elevated at rest, and cardiac failure, which becomes evident on exercise.
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PMID:[Changes in left ventricular function with effort in the coronary patient. l]. 41 47

The results of observations conducted in accordance with the programme of myocardial infarction register are presented for 143 patients aged under 65 years, surviving beyond 28 days after the onset of the lesion. In 13.2% of those surviving an acute myocardial infarction a recurrence was found to develop within the first postinfarction year, among them in 11.5% of the cases with a fatal result. Over half (51-54%) of those surviving the infarction retain angina of effort, 16.3-23% have cardiac insufficiency. An examination conducted 3 months following the infarction revealed lipid (57.1%) and carbohydrate (54.3%) metabolism disorders in many patients, as well as disturbances in the blood coagulation and anticoagulation systems. Patients surviving myocardial infarction require differentiated and lasting secondary preventive measures.
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PMID:[Survival and state of patients during the 1st year after myocardial infarct (according to data of epidemiological study - myocardial infarct register)]. 114 37

To examine the prognostic value of routine postinfarction exercise tests in young patients, exercise tests were carried out at 3 and 6 weeks and 18 months after infarction in 149 patients aged under 55 years at the time of the index infarction. The patients also had coronary angiography and left ventriculography a mean of 3 months after infarction. Three years after infarction, only two of the 149 patients have died, reinfarction occurred in only seven (4.7%) patients; unstable angina in four (3%) patients and coronary artery surgery was needed in 31 (20.8%) patients; 16 in the first, 10 in the second, and 5 in the third year of follow-up. Angina on exercise testing at 6 weeks was the only variable with any predictive value. Eighteen (38%) of the 47 patients with, compared to 12 (11.8%) of the 102 patients without, angina on exercise testing at 6 weeks had coronary surgery (less than 0.001). None of the other exercise variables reliably predicted death, or other complications, including coronary surgery. Ten (13.8%) of the 75 patients excluded from the study died during follow-up; six of them within 6 weeks of infarction. Four (67%) of these patients were excluded from the study because of heart failure. Therefore, the 3-year outcome in young survivors of a myocardial infarction is good and is not reliably predicted by exercise testing at 3 and 6 weeks or 18 months.
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PMID:Exercise testing at 3 weeks, 6 weeks and 18 months after infarction and the outcome at 3 years in young patients (under 55 years). 138 71

One hundred patients with angina pectoris were studied to determine the antianginal effectiveness of senzit, fenigidin and trasicor. The calcium antagonists senzit and fenigidin were found to have high antianginal effect (44% and 78%, respectively) in patients with stable angina pectoris. It was found advisable to use the two drugs in combination with cardiac glycosides in patients with heart failure. A study showed the high antianginal effect of trasicor in postinfarction patients with refractory angina of effort.
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PMID:[Efficacy of fenigidin, senzit and trazikor in the treatment of patients with angina pectoris]. 286 44

Altogether 70 patients suffering from CHD with attacks of angina of effort received propranolol and syndnopharm therapy in an outpatient clinic. After therapy a positive clinical effect was noted in 83.6% of the patients, a positive ECG time course in 64.2%. The combined use of both drugs increased their efficacy. The combination was justified in case of nitrate intolerance and the absence of marked heart failure.
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PMID:[Effectiveness of combined administration of obsidan and sidnofarm in patients with ischemic heart disease at a polyclinic]. 336 98

To assess neurohumoral and hemodynamic responses to exercise in patients with exertional angina, we measured plasma norepinephrine (NE) concentrations in 23 patients with exertional angina (with no heart failure) and compared the results with their coronary arteriographic findings. The 23 patients were divided into two groups: 14 cases with multiple vessel disease (MVD) and 9 cases with one-vessel disease. At resting state there were no significant differences between the two groups in levels of NE. At maximal exercise there were no significant differences between the groups in increases of heart rate, blood pressure, and rate-pressure product, but exercise-induced increase of plasma NE (%) was significantly larger in MVD (131.6 +/- 95.4%) (mean +/- SD) than in one-vessel disease (69.0 +/- 45.3%) (p less than 0.01). In conclusion, plasma NE responses to exercise differ between patients with multiple vessel disease and patients with one-vessel disease.
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PMID:Variable neurohumoral and hemodynamic responses to exercise in patients with exertional angina: influence of the severity of coronary artery disease. 381 29

A study of 203 patients with chronic heart block treated with oral long-acting isoprenaline showed that 85 (42%) were maintained satisfactorily on the drug for a mean period of 18.2 months. The survival rates at one, two, and three years were 76%, 64%, and 57% respectively. In 115 patients treatment by pacing became necessary to control symptoms, and in these patients the survival rates at one, two and three years were 83%, 72%, and 60%.The two most valuable guides to patients' response to oral isoprenaline are the response to a trial dose of intravenous isoprenaline and the type of dysrhythmia associated with their Adams-Stokes attacks. Patients with heart failure with slow ventricular rates and those with angina of effort do not respond to treatment with sympathomimetic drugs.The majority of patients with chronic heart block are elderly, and in view of the complexity of pacing systems, and the need for skilled supervision of paced patients, oral long-acting isoprenaline remains of value in the longterm management of chronic heart block, provided patients are carefully selected for this form of therapy.
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PMID:Conservative treatment of chronic heart block. 576 91

Beta adrenergic blocking agents are effective antianginal agents and reduce the frequency of anginal attacks, nitroglycerin consumption, and improve exercise tolerance in patients with stable exertional angina pectoris. These drugs are effective in the management of exertional angina pectoris primarily due to their ability to block beta 1 receptors and thereby competitively blocking the effects of sympathetic stimulation (i.e. increase in myocardial oxygen demand) during exercise. In this report other pharmacological properties of these agents i.e. membrane stabilizing activity, intrinsic sympathomimetic activity and cardioselectivity are of little importance. Comparative studies with beta adrenergic blocking agents with different ancillary properties, utilizing intravenous preparations, acute single and multiple oral dosing and sustained oral therapy prescribed for several weeks or months, show that if used in equipotent doses all beta adrenergic blocking agents are equally effective antianginal agents. It should be recognized that therapy with these agents may precipitate heart failure or aggravate bronchospasm in susceptible patients. This can occur with cardioselective agents and with beta blockers which also have intrinsic sympathomimetic activity.
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PMID:Beta adrenergic blocking agents for exertional angina pectoris. 612 93

Digoxin remains a very useful agent for chronic atrial fibrillation or for the ectopic beats associated with heart failure. But when rapid control of the ventricular rate is required to arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, or paroxysmal atrial tachycardia, a slow infusion of verapamil is the agent of choice. In general, verapamil may be added to digoxin or given intravenously while a digoxin effect is awaited, unless there is digitalis toxicity. In digitalis toxicity, lignocaine remains the agent of choice for ventricular arrhythmias, and is given in the same doses as for acute myocardial infarction; phenytoin is used for digitalis-arrhythmias with A-V block. Verapamil may be infused very cautiously for digitalis-induced supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. The use of oral agents such as quinidine, disopyramide and mexilitene for chronic prophylaxis of ventricular ectopic beats is of doubtful effectiveness, unless the ectopic activity is symptomatic. Serious ventricular arrhythmias may be induced by quinidine and disopyramide. Beta-blockade is especially useful for ectopic beats associated with anxiety, or when arrhythmias are associated with angina of effort or hypertension. As always, major contraindications to the use of beta-blockade include cardiomegaly, heart failure or asthma.
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PMID:Anti-arrhythmic agents in ischemic heart disease: supraventricular arrhythmias, digitalis toxicity and chronic stable ventricular ectopic beats. 708 6

While studying the functional activity of poly- and mononuclear leucocytes in 75 patients with various clinical types of ischemic heart disease (angina of effort, angina decubitus, arrhythmias, cardiac insufficiency at the background of atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis and atherosclerotic hypertension), decline in the functional activity of the phagocytizing cells has been revealed, this being considered to be a pathogenetic prerequisite for atherosclerosis progression.
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PMID:[The functional activity of the poly- and mononuclear leukocytes in patients with different clinical forms of ischemic heart disease]. 783 69


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