Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The most common symptoms of patients with heart failure are shortness of breath and fatigue. The causes of these symptoms may be different in various entities encompassed by the general term heart failure, such as acute pulmonary edema, circulatory collapse and chronic heart failure. In patients with acute heart failure, shortness of breath is closely related to left atrial pressure. In patients with chronic heart failure, optimally treated with diuretics, the body fluid compartments are usually of normal size. Recent work strongly suggests that, in such patients, central hemodynamic abnormalities are not the sole determinants of symptoms. Impaired vasodilation and altered metabolism in skeletal muscle, circulating metabolites and pulmonary ventilation-perfusion mismatch with consequent increased physiologic dead space may all contribute to the genesis of symptoms. Consequently, it may be possible to alleviate symptoms by treatments that are not aimed directly at improving central hemodynamics. Whether such an approach could also modify prognosis is unknown.
 ...
PMID:Causes of symptoms in chronic congestive heart failure and implications for treatment. 329 93

Self-poisoning with beta-blockers is uncommon but often life-threatening. A 59 year old man was admitted to the ICU after having ingested an estimated dose of 2 g of oxprenolol. Circulatory collapse occurred without pre-existing cardiac failure. Right ventricular haemodynamic data showed adiastole which responded to massive doses of isoprenaline and dopamine. Subsequently the patient recovered normal haemodynamic parameters. This report suggests that right ventricular dysfunction may complicate beta-blocker overdose.
 ...
PMID:[Hemodynamic aspect of adiastole in oxprenolol poisoning]. 381 51

This study was designed to analyze the effects of carbocromene and dipyridamole on the haemodynamic and electrocardiographic side-effects resulting from imipramine infusion in anaesthetised rats and dogs. Imipramine was infused at 1 mg/kg/min until cardiac failure and vascular collapse terminated the experiment at 21 +/- 2.3 min in rats and at 29.5 +/- 2.1 min in dogs. This was characterized by hypotension, bradycardia, intraventricular conduction delay, cardiac tachyarrhythmia and A-V block. Carbocromene (4 mg/kg i.v., followed by 80 micrograms/kg/min) protected the animals against heart failure. This was associated with delayed hypotension and negative inotropy, and lower incidence of heart block. Survival time increased to 37 +/- 1.5 min (P less than 0.05), and 54.2 +/- 2.6 min (P less than 0.02) in rats and dogs, respectively. Dipyridamole (0.5 mg/kg i.v., followed by 80 micrograms/kg/min) failed to decrease imipramine toxicity as judged by the haemodynamic and electrocardiographic parameters and did not alter survival time of imipramine controls. These results suggest that carbocromene is an effective treatment for imipramine-induced cardiovascular collapse and cardiac arrhythmias, the beneficial effects being largely due to metabolic and membrane stabilizing effects. Carbocromene has both therapeutic and prophylactic value and appears to be superior to dipyridamole therapy.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of haemodynamic and electrocardiographic side-effects resulting from imipramine toxicity in rats and dogs. 404 78

On the assumption that increased urinary lysozyme concentration (;lysozymuria') indicates tubular proteinuria and therefore impaired tubular function, urinary lysozyme has been estimated in acute disorders where transient disturbances of renal function might be expected, in cases diagnosed clinically as extrarenal uraemia, and in a few examples of acute renal disease. Reversible lysozymuria occurred with hypokalaemia, postoperative ;collapse', electrolyte depletion, severe extrarenal infection, acute pyelonephritis, the nephrotic syndrome, after a few apparently uncomplicated surgical operations, and very transiently after ventricular fibrillation abolished by DC shock. There was no lysozymuria with severe uraemic heart failure, aspirin and paracetamol poisoning, or severe jaundice, nor in two cases of acute glomerulonephritis. Although lysozymuria may occasionally be useful in the clinical diagnosis of acutely disordered renal function, the results suggest that its value is limited; on the other hand, they have provided information on renal pathophysiology in acute disease.
 ...
PMID:Lysozymuria and acute disorders of renal function. 470 97

In a prospective study of 50 patients a good correlation was found between the central venous pressure and the sonographic appearance of the inferior caval vein (ICV) behind the liver in right paramedian scanning. Dependent on central venous pressure (CVP) there were typical variations in the configuration, width and respiratory movements. These changes allowed a reliable estimation of the CVP. Decrease of the width in anteroposterior diameter in connection with a reduction of respiration-dependent caval movement indicated a deficiency of circulating blood volume. These alterations were always positive in cases of dehydration. Elongation of the vessel together with a widening over 2 cm and the lack of the normal end-inspiratory collapse were signs of an increased CVP. This non-invasive method is without risks or inconvenience for the patient. It is easily and quickly applied and very reliable for analyzing ICV haemodynamics. ICV ultrasonography can be recommended as a diagnostic aid for dehydration and hyperhydration as well as right heart failure, especially unrecognized, that means cardiac insufficiency without peripheral edema, constrictive pericarditis, tricuspid valve disease and for the assessment of the course of right cardiac failure.
 ...
PMID:[Relations of the ultrasonic image of the inferior vena cava and central venous pressure]. 614 Aug 70

The pathological situation of bilateral attachment of corneal endothelium to iris plane lens implants, due to collapse of the anterior chambers, is recorded in a patient who died of heart failure. The additional observation of a Fuchs' epithelioma on the ciliary body adjacent to the implant in one of the eyes is used to start a discussion about possible interactions between lens implants and unsuspected intraocular tumors.
 ...
PMID:Bilateral attachment of corneal endothelium to lens implants in corneal collapse at death: a pseudophakic eye with a Fuchs' epithelioma. 670 42

To determine the causes of cardiac failure during cardiac tamponade in man, we studied left ventricular volume and function in eight patients during pericardiocentesis using gated equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography. In the seven patients with clinical and hemodynamic evidence of cardiac tamponade, end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes increased progressively as the initial 500 ml of fluid were removed; the most marked increase occurred during the removal of the first 200 ml of pericardial fluid. After removal of 500 ml of pericardial fluid, end-diastolic volume increased from 52 +/- 8 ml to 111 +/- 13 ml (p less than 0.05) and end-systolic volume from 17 +/- 5 ml to 34 +/- 7 ml (p less than 0.05). Additional aspiration of fluid resulted in no further changes in left ventricular volume. The ejection fraction averaged 70% before removal of fluid and was unchanged by pericardiocentesis. In the one patient who did not have hemodynamic evidence of tamponade, there were only minor changes in left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction. These data suggest that pump function of the left ventricle is well preserved in cardiac tamponade, and that the diminution in stroke volume and consequent cardiovascular collapse seen in tamponade are due to marked underfilling of the ventricle.
 ...
PMID:Left ventricular volume and function during relief of cardiac tamponade in man. 708 1

After a brief literature survey, the authors share their experience of the treatment of hypertonic crises and acute left cardiac insufficiency of renal patients via Naniprus, a preparation produced in P.R. of Bulgaria. The patients' age was from 11 to 64. With an average basal arterial pressure (AP) 25.2/14.5 kPa during the crises the patients had an average AP of 33.3/20.0 kPa and only three minutes after the initiation of its drop infusion it was reduced to an average of 25. 1/14.7 kPa (p less than 0.001). In one child with severe pulmonary edema in the progress of a hypertonic crisis, in a crisis for rejection of transplanted kidney, they infused Naniprus continuously for 5 days and nights, and in another transplanted patient--7 days and nights, not observing any undesirable effects. The authors recommend Naniprus infusion to be carried out very cautiously, with AP being checked every minute at the beginning at the other side until obtaining the desired and stable result. Each careless or uncontrolled administration of the preparation threatens with severe collapse. In patients with AV-fistulas reddening of the face and eyes as well as headache were observed.
 ...
PMID:[Naniprus treatment of hypertensive crises in patients with kidney diseases]. 716 8

Five patients with severe left ventricular failure, renal insufficiency, and recurrent ventricular tachycardia had cardiovascular collapse and died eight hours to 23 days after initiation of the usual doses of disopyramide. Three patients had recent myocardial infarction (12 to 33 days), and one had severe congestive cardiomyopathy. ECG changes antedated appearance of cardiovascular collapse and consisted of lengthening of the QRS (0.10 plus or minus 0.02 to 0.22 plus or minus 0.09; P less than 0.025) and the QTc duration (0.44 plus or minus 0.04 to 0.56 plus or minus 0.09; P less than 0.05). Sinus bradycardia or varying degrees of atrioventricular block or both occurred in all patients. Terminal disopyramide blood concentration (4.9 and 8.1 micrograms/ml) were available in two patients. A syndrome of progressive lengthening of ventricular depolarization and repolarization terminating in cardiovascular collapse and death associated with disopyramide is described. In addition, a high incidence of sinus bradycardia, atrioventricular conduction disturbances, or both was also noted. Disopyramide is contraindicated in patients with severe heart failure and renal insufficiency. Progressive widening of the QRS complex or the QT interval may presage appearance of severe myocardial dysfunction.
 ...
PMID:Cardiovascular collapse associated with disopyramide therapy. 722 32

A 68-year-old female on two-year chronic hemodialysis for chronic renal failure due to chronic pyelonephritis, was admitted to hospital for weakness, dulled sensorium and dizziness. On examination the patient was in a state of circulatory collapse, the electrocardiogram showed an accelerated idioventricular rhythm and laboratory analysis revealed extreme hyperkalemia (K+ 10.1 mmol/l). There were no common causes of shock, such as hypovolemia, sepsis, heart failure and presence of vasodilator drugs. The patient was treated with calcium gluconate, sodium bicarbonate and sodium chloride (to oppose the effects of hyperkalemia on the cell membrane to minimize cardiac and neuromuscular toxicity), insulin and dextrose (to increase the transport of K+ from the extracellular to the intracellular compartment), and hemodialysis (to remove K+ from the body). At the end of the hemodialysis session, the patient was in a clinically good condition, blood pressure was 160/90 mm Hg and the serum K+ concentration was normal. The case appeared to suggest that extreme hyperkalemia may have direct effects on vascular resistance, causing hypotension and shock.
 ...
PMID:A life-threatening complication of extreme hyperkalemia in a patient on maintenance hemodialysis. 748 41


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>