Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Oral medication with phentolamine SR produced subjective and objective improvement in all 45 patients with refractory chronic heart failure of various aetiologies, who were already receiving digitalis and diuretics. This was shown by an increase in pulse-pressure amplitude and urine volume, a decrease in bodyweight and marked reduction in cardiac size and pulmonary congestion, the latter changes being more pronounced in patients with arteriosclerotic heart disease (ASHD). Exercise tolerance tests in a further 34 patients with less severe chronic heart failure demonstrated that phentolamine SR markedly increased physical capacity. This effect was more pronounced in patients with slightly compromised cardiac status (functional Class 2, NYHA) than in those with moderately compromised cardiac status (Class 3). The improvement in clinical condition was attributed mainly to arterial and venous dilatation, as well as to the positive inotropic effect of the drug. The most important side-effects were diarrhoea and, in the patients with ASHD, increased attacks of angina pectoris; The side-effects were well controlled by the anticholinergic agent oxyphenonium bromide (Antrenyl) and a slight increase in the dose of nitrates. It is concluded that oral phentolamine SR may be a valuable therapeutic adjunct in the management of patients with refractory chronic heart failure.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of chronic heart failure with slow release phentolamine. 35 8

A patient with a vipoma of the pancreas and persistently elevated blood levels of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) had watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and achlorhydria (WDHA syndrome). In the untreated state, the diarrhea was never profuse. Fecal volumes ranged from 0.16 to 1.24 L/day. Attempts to correct the dehydration by fluid and electrolyte loading resulted in a massive increase in fecal water and electrolyte loss. Prednisone cured the diarrhea and was associated with a decrease in plasma VIP levels. The patient had a marked circulatory disturbance with systemic arterial hypotension and cutaneous vasodilation that caused a subnormal body temperature. Removal of the tumor led to a dramatic change in the patient's circulation. Generalized vasodilation with systemic venous and arterial hypotension gave away to vasoconstriction with severe venous and arterial hypertension. Central venous pressure rose from -4.4 to +4.0 cm H2O and arterial pressure rose from 80/55 to 195/110 mm Hg. These changes might explain the unexpected and sometimes fatal heart failure that has complicated the removal of these tumors from some patients.
 ...
PMID:Vipoma of the pancreas: observations on the diarhrhea and circulatory disturbances. 43 2

A case of a child affected by Shwachman's syndrome with a chronic diarrhea, cyclic neutropenia and bone defects is described. The child died at the age of eight months from an acute cardiac failure which showed analytical alterations compatible to an acute myocardial infarction. Pathologic study showed a pancreatic lipomatous hypoplasia, myocardial fibrosis and chondrometaphyseal dysplasia. Main hypothesis that relate pancreatic pathology and development of myocardial fibrosis are discussed, although there is a lack of definitive evidence for confirming such relation.
 ...
PMID:[Myocardial fibrosis in Shwachman's syndrome (author's transl)]. 48 46

Congestive right ventricular heart failure of Montana cattle is characterized clinically by an accumulation of edematous fluid in the brisket region and ventral portions of the body but not of the legs. A well developed jugular pulse is first observed followed by a watery diarrhea and usually by the accumulation of excessive fluid in the pleural and peritoneal cavities. As the case develops over a period of two to three weeks, the ventral edema becomes more marked (Fig. 1) and straw-colored fluid may accumulate in the body cavities until the abdomen is distended and breathing labored. Death may occur as a result of respiratory failure due to the large volume of pleural fluid or from general debilitation as a result of the right ventricular failure. The incidence of this type of heart failure in Montana cattle is highest on moist mountain valleys. Eighty-one of 113 cases observed over a seven year period occurred in cattle that were maintained at altitudes of 1525 m or below. This paper describes the conditions under which the disease occurs in Montana and compares the hemograms of clinically ill and healthy cattle.
 ...
PMID:Right ventricular heart failure of Montana cattle. 63 18

The clinical and laboratory features of 18 adult pellagrins are reviewed. Only four patients (22%) had the full trial of dermatitis, diarrhea and dementia. Dermatitis alone occurred in six(33%), dementia in five(28%) and dermatitis and diarrhea in three(17%). In one patient, dermentia was the initial sign of a relapse. Steatorrhea was found in six patients and was usually associated with marked alopecia. Edema without evidence of cardiac failure was present in seven patients. A diffuse increase in slow wave activity on the electroencephalogram was characteristic in patients with dementia. Fever occurred in 14 patients, and an infection was documented in 10 of these. Common laboratory abnormalities included a normochromic, normocytic anemia, lymphopenia, eosinopenia hyperuricemia, and low serum levels of albumin, urea, cholesterol, carotene, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. Adrenal and thyroid function were normal, but a low serum T4, high serum free T4, and an elevated T3 resin uptake were frequently observed. These abnormalities were corrected with treatment of the underlying nutritional disorder. In two patients initially treated with thiamine alone, and in one who received inadequate amounts of niacin and protein, there was marked deterioration of mental function, which responded to administration of niacin and proper diet.
 ...
PMID:Pellagra: an analysis of 18 patients and a review of the literature. 86 2

Octreotide, a long-acting somatostatin analogue has recently been introduced in the therapy of gastroenteropancreatic endocrine tumors, but home experience has been lacking. With the aim of drawing attention to this therapeutic possibility, a case of malignant carcinoid syndrome treated with octreotide for 18 months is reported. Despite the therapeutic attempts preceding the octreotide administration a gradual progression in clinical symptoms was observed and cardiac failure due to fibrotic and valvular heart disease developed. Cytotoxic chemotherapy, serotonin antagonists or repeated selective embolisation of the hepatic artery only resulted in a short transitional improvement. Octreotide in a dose of 100 micrograms three times daily by subcutaneous injection provided effective and rapid relief from episodic flushing and serious diarrhoea. Plasma level of serotonin and 24-hour urinary excretion of 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid decreased from 6 micrograms/ml to 2 micrograms/ml and from 800 mumol/day to 70 mumol/day, respectively. No changes in the number and extension of liver metastases could be seen after introducing the octreotide treatment. The patient's compensated cardiac status could be preserved and continuous therapy provided an acceptable quality of life.
 ...
PMID:[Treatment of carcinoid syndrome with a somatostatin analogue]. 137 69

Between December 1982 and November 1990, 31 patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma were treated with one of two combination chemotherapy regimens. A total of 20 patients were treated with 3 mg/m2 mitomycin C and 300 mg/m2 cyclophosphamide given intravenously every 10-14 days and with 180 mg/m2 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) given intravenously every day for as long as possible (CF-Mito regimen). After the patient had been discharged from the hospital, the same treatment with CF-Mito was performed except that 180 mg/m2 5-FU was replaced by 400 mg/m2 UFT (a mixture of tegafur and uracil) given orally. A total of 11 patients whose tumor had relapsed during the first-line treatment were given 60 mg/m2 cisplatin, 40 mg/m2 Adriamycin, and 40 mg/m2 methotrexate intravenously every 28 days (PAM regimen). In all, 20 patients received 4-44 (mean, 9.7) courses of CF-Mito over a period of 1.5-24 (mean, 5.3) months. The results obtained in these 20 patients with evaluable lesions included no complete remission (CR), 4 partial remissions (PRs), 9 cases of stable disease (SD), and 7 cases of progressive disease (PD). The PR duration was 1.5-22 (mean, 7.5) months. The side effects encountered in this group included anorexia, nausea, vomiting, myelosuppression, diarrhea, stomatitis, liver damage, and heart failure. In all, 11 patients received 3-7 (mean, 4.1) courses of PAM over a period of 3-14.5 (mean, 5.2) months. All 11 patients had evaluable lesions, and their responses included no CR, 5 PRs, 3 cases of SD, and 3 cases of PD. The PR duration was 1-3 (mean, 1.6) months. The side effects encountered in this group included anorexia, nausea, vomiting, myelosuppression, heart failure, and hair loss.
 ...
PMID:Combination chemotherapy for advanced urothelial-tract carcinoma. 139 20

Fifty patients of grade III & IV malnutrition with diarrhoeal dehydration were rehydrated using the WHO recommended ORS. Serum sodium and potassium levels were estimated at admission and 24 hours later. Forty seven patients were successfully rehydrated orally. In 7 patients the level of dehydration at initial assessment was overestimated. Periorbital edema developed in 25.5% of the patients rehydrated. No patient had cardiac failure or convulsions during therapy. Though persistent hyponatremia and hypokalemia were found in 10.6% and 19.15% cases respectively after rehydration, the incidence decreased as compared to the pre-hydration levels and was comparable to that found in malnourished children without diarrhea who served as controls in the present study. Oral rehydration was discontinued in three patients due to development of excessive vomiting in one case and paralytic ileus in two. Thus WHO ORS can be used safely in children with severe malnutrition but constant monitoring is required.
 ...
PMID:Oral rehydration therapy in severely malnourished children with diarrheal dehydration. 139 64

Severe cardiac arrhythmias (Lown class IVa), rapid loss of physical capacity and dyspnoea on the slightest exertion occurred in a 55-year-old man with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. In the preceding year he had recurrent diarrhoea and lost 23 kg in weight. He was found to have hypercalcaemia (3-3.2 mmol/l). The heart failure significantly improved under treatment with twice daily 12.5 mg captopril, 100 mg spironolactone daily, furosemide 40 mg twice daily, and digitoxin 0.07 mg daily. The arrhythmia responded to verapamil 80 mg and quinidine 160 mg, both drugs three times daily. Primary hyperparathyroidism was found to be the cause of the hypercalcaemia (parathormone 84 pmol/l). After the parathyroid adenoma had been removed the patient's condition again improved markedly. There were only rare monotopic extrasystoles, cardiac size regressed, and diuretics were no longer necessary. His medication at present is verapamil (80 mg three times daily), captopril (12.5 mg three times daily) and digitoxin (0.07 mg daily). It is concluded that the hypercalcaemia influenced the severity of the cardiomyopathy. It would seem that both intra- and extracellular calcium homoeostasis is of great importance in dilated cardiomyopathy.
 ...
PMID:[The coincidence of rapidly progressing dilated cardiomyopathy and primary hyperparathyroidism. The course before and after the removal of a parathyroid adenoma]. 173 86

Forty-five patients with proved gastrointestinal amyloidosis were examined to study the clinical and pathological features and to determine the correlation with amyloid fibril proteins. The examinations included physical examination, laboratory study, plain X-ray film of the abdomen, gastrointestinal radiography, gastrointestinal endoscopy, endoscopic biopsy, surgery, and autopsy. The results were as follows: 1) Amyloid fibril proteins consisted of amyloid light chain protein (AL) in 7 patients, amyloid A protein (AA) in 36, beta 2-microglobulin (AH) in one, and prealbumin (AF) in one. 2) At the time of examination, gastrointestinal symptoms were present in 43 (96%) of the 45 patients. The incidence of diarrhea and gastrointestinal bleeding was higher in patients with the AA type than in those with other types, whereas abdominal distension, nausea, and vomiting were more frequently evident in patients with the AL type. 3) The incidence of hypoalbuminemia, hypokalemia, and positive occult blood was higher in patients with the AA type, whereas abnormal electrocardiogram and cardiac failure were more frequently observed in patients with the AL type. The thyroid gland was enlarged in 7 patients with the AA type, and the macroglossia was evident in only 2 patients with the AL type. 4) The frequency of radiographic abnormalities in the gastrointestinal tract was as follows: 79% of the patients in the jejunum and ileum, 61% in the duodenum, 53% in the stomach, 32% in the colorectum, and 14% in the esophagus. Fine granular shadows were most frequently seen in patients with the AA type, whereas multiple polypoid protrusions and thickening of the folds were characteristic in patients with the AL type. 5) Endoscopic abnormalities were found as follows: 82% in the duodenum, 81% in the jejunum, 73% in the stomach, 42% in the colorectum, and 20% in the esophagus. Endoscopy revealed fine granular appearance in 31 (86%) of the 36 patients with the AA type, whereas multiple polypoid protrusions and thickening of the folds were evident in 5 (71%) of the 7 patients with the AL type. 6) On the histological examination of the biopsy specimens, amyloid deposition was found in the duodenum in 98% of the 45 patients studied, in the jejunum in 96% of the 26 patients, in the antrum in 93% of the 41 patients, and in the rectum in 86% of the 43 patients. 7) Histological findings of the biopsy and autopsy specimens revealed that the the degree of amyloid deposition was the highest in the duodenum and jejunum of the gastrointestinal tract.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Diagnosis of gastrointestinal amyloidosis with special reference to the relationship with amyloid fibril protein]. 178 55


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>