Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pancreatitis may be associated with thoracic complications, notably chronic massive pleural effusion (CMPE) and, rarely, pseudocysts with mediastinal extension (PME) and enzymatic mediastinitis (EM). Our personal experience with 14 cases of thoracic complications (nine CMPE, two PME associated with pleural effusion, and three EM of 670 patients who underwent surgery; of these, 191 had acute and 479 had chronic pancreatitis) during 16 years (1970-1986) is reported. In the patients with CMPE, the initial symptoms were progressive dyspnea eventually associated with cough and chest pain. In the PME cases, there was dysphagia associated with left subscapular pain and left chest pain. The initial signs in the patients with EM were sudden dyspnea, cyanosis, retrosternal pain, tachycardia, and acute heart failure. A fistula between the pancreatic ductal system and the pleural cavity in seven of the nine patients with CMPE was demonstrated by intraoperative pancreatography and/or cystography. On the contrary, preoperative endoscopic pancreatography demonstrated the sinus tract in only three of the seven. In both cases of PME, computed tomography (CT) provided a correct diagnosis that was confirmed at surgery. In the patients with EM, the diagnosis was suggested by the clinical appearance and was confirmed by the chest roentgenogram and by CT. All patients had operations after varying periods of unsuccessful 2-4-week-long conservative treatment. One patient with infected ascites died postoperatively. There were no thoracic recurrences of pancreatic disease among the other patients at a 10-month-10-year follow-up observation after surgery.
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PMID:Thoracic complications of pancreatitis. 275 44

Management of CHD depends on the type, severity, natural history of the specific malformation, age and the secondary effect of the defect. Management includes diagnostic, regular follow-ups, preventive and therapeutic management. Prevention measures should be taken against infective endocarditis, brain abscess, pulmonary vascular obstructive disease (PVOD). Therapeutic measures include treatment for cardiac failure, infective endocarditis, common infections, arrhythmia, cyanotic spells, cerebro vascular complications. Early correction is indicated for CHD with large pulmonary blood flow to prevent PVOD, and for CHD with pressure overloading to prevent fibrosis of the myocardium. Cyanotic CHD should have early palliative or corrective surgery in order to minimise the secondary effect of prolonged cyanosis.
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PMID:Management of congenital heart disease. 281 22

Various complications are associated with the use of central venous catheters for total parenteral nutrition; cardiac tamponade is one of the most severe. Four cases are reported of cardiac tamponade during total parenteral nutrition: three of them were related to cardiac perforation by the tip of the catheter, placed in the right atrium; the fourth case may have been due to cardiac perforation or to an extraintestinal complication of inflammatory bowel disease. Hydropericardium may manifest itself soon after the catheter is inserted or, more usually, some days or weeks later. Immediate diagnosis is mandatory: a sudden and unexpected deterioration in a patient receiving total parenteral nutrition through a central venous catheter, with shock, heart failure, cyanosis, congestion of neck veins should arouse suspicion of hydropericardium. Long term undernutrition, a small atrophic heart, steroid treatment may also contribute to cardiac perforation. Immediate aspiration of the hydropericardium may be life-saving: if possible, the fluid is evacuated through the catheter while still in place; otherwise, pericardiocentesis must be immediately performed. Such complications can be prevented by: the use of flexible silicone or polyurethane catheters instead of rigid polyethylene catheters, especially for long term use; a correct positioning of the catheter tip in the superior vena cava in its extrapericardial sector, as it can be checked by chest X-ray. This examination, with opacification of the catheter with contrast medium, must be repeated because of the possibility of secondary displacement of the catheter.
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PMID:[Tamponade and total parenteral nutrition by central venous catheter]. 308 79

Non-surgical acute therapeutic procedures in infants replacing immediate surgery are mainly indicated in life threatening cyanosis and/or cardiac failure in the first 2 to 4 weeks of life. Balloon septostomy replacing surgical creation of an atrial septal defect, and pharmacological manipulation of the ductus with prostaglandin E in newborns (opening of ductus replacing aortopulmonary shunt) or by inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis with indomethacin in premature babies (ductus closure replacing ligation of ductus) are used routinely nowadays. Balloon dilatation of stenotic pulmonic or aortic valves (replacing valvotomy), balloon dilatation of coarctation of the aorta (replacing operative correction) and, rarely, closure of vessels with the help of catheters (replacing ligation) are being increasingly tried in this age group as well, though they do not yet belong to the routine methods.
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PMID:[Acute therapy of cardiovascular malformations in infancy: non-surgical measures]. 332 23

During a 6 month observation period after operation, typical symptoms of congestive heart failure, such as cyanosis, systemic oedema, ascites and pleural effusion occur in the majority of rats which have a combined arteriovenous shunt (AV-shunt) and renal hypertension (Goldblatt II). In the present study, the left ventricle dilated to twice the size of that of age-matched Wistar controls. Developed wall stress increased significantly due to an augmented ratio of radius to wall thickness. Normalized stress-length (stress-midwall circumference) area and maximum rate of stress development (d sigma/dtmax) indicated decreased myocardial work and power capacity. Although the congestive symptoms can only partially be related to impaired cardiac function, this model may be useful for pathophysiological and pharmacological studies of chronic heart failure.
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PMID:Evaluation of left ventricular function in an experimental model of congestive heart failure due to combined pressure and volume overload. 337 42

Clinical and pathological data of a full-term male newborn with Ebstein's malformation of the mitral valve are reported. Moderate cyanosis and progressive heart failure were present from birth and he died on the fourth day after birth, with clinical evidence of severe aortic coartaction. Necropsy revealed a severely dysplastic mitral valve, with anatomical features of Ebstein's anomaly, in the absence of corrected transposition but associated with aortic coartaction.
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PMID:Ebstein's malformation of the mitral valve in atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial concordance. 343 11

Serum erythropoietin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in 146 children and young adults with congenital heart disease to assess the relationship between erythropoietin and clinical factors (heart failure, anemia, cyanosis) and hemodynamic variables affecting oxygen delivery and utilization. Erythropoietin values were in the normal range (10 to 30 microU/mL) in 73% (58 of 80) of the patients with and 82% (54 of 66) of those without cyanosis. Elevated erythropoietin values in cyanotic patients were associated with lower mixed venous oxygen saturation and tension than in cyanotic patients with normal erythropoietin levels, even though the degree of polycythemia was similar. In contrast, most of the acyanotic patients who had elevated erythropoietin levels were anemic. Of the blood oxygen measurements, mixed venous oxygen saturation and tension had the closest inverse correlation with erythropoietin values. The normal erythropoietin values in most patients are in accord with other observations that show that an elevation in erythropoietin level in response to hypoxia will be transient if it results in a rise in hemoglobin concentration "appropriate" to the degree of hypoxia. Persistent elevation of erythropoietin in patients with congenital heart disease may indicate harmful impairment of hemoglobin production that is potentially correctable.
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PMID:Serum erythropoietin levels in patients with congenital heart disease. 355 1

Three rare autopsy cases of fetal ascites were presented and the etiology of each case was described. Case 1 was a male neonate, delivered by cesarean section at 32 weeks' gestation, and died of respiratory failure. The abdomen was remarkably distended with 1020 ml of ascites. The etiology of Case 1 remained unknown even after macroscopic and microscopic examinations. We considered this as "idiopathic" fetal ascites. Case 2 was a female neonate, delivered at 31 weeks' gestation, with marked abdominal distension and cyanosis. Autopsy revealed 435 ml of ascites, and she was considered to have had "polysplenia syndrome" with cardiovascular malformations. Intrauterine heart failure due to cardiac anomalies was thought to be the cause of this ascites. In case 3 embryotomy was carried out under the diagnosis of fetal ascites by ultrasound examination at 22 weeks' gestation. An urachal cyst connected to the dilated urinary bladder and deficiency of musculature of the abdominal wall composed of loose connective tissue with calcification were observed. The abdominal wall was ruptured and 1,960 ml of ascites was measured. Polycystic kidney with renal dysplasia was also found. Case 3 showed "Prune-Berry syndrome" and fetal ascites may have arisen from these anomalies.
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PMID:Fetal ascites. A report of 3 autopsy cases. 368 33

Displacement of the origin of the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle, redundancy of its leaflets and tricuspid incompetence are all present to varying degrees in Ebstein's disease. Cardiac arrhythmias are a common feature. Presentation in infancy with severe displacement of the valve, right-sided heart failure, cyanosis and gross cardiomegaly are the classic features. More recently, echocardiography has revealed a group presenting with arrhythmias but with no significant haemodynamic disturbance, or with an asymptomatic murmur who have a normal or near normal chest radiograph and mild displacement of the valve. Before the availability of echocardiography, most of this group escaped diagnosis as there were insufficient indications for cardiac catheterisation.
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PMID:The plain chest radiograph in uncomplicated Ebstein's disease. 379 51

A baby presented in cardiac failure with cyanosis on the first day of life. Investigations demonstrated severe pulmonary valve stenosis and duct-dependent coarctation of the aorta. This combination is impossible to explain using recognised embryological theories.
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PMID:Severe pulmonary stenosis and duct dependent coarctation in a neonate. An embryological impossibility? 380 99


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