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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Although, the diagnosis of myocardial sarcoidosis is difficult to establish clinically, the heart may be involved at autopsy in upto a third of cases of sarcoidosis. Cardiac sarcoidosis may remain occult, may present with arrhythmia, or may even cause sudden death. In order to avoid a diagnostic oversight, sarcoid heart disease should be considered in any patient with unexplained heart block, cardiac arrhythmia, or heart failure.
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PMID:Myocardial sarcoidosis: a review. 269 Feb 42

A 39-year-old woman had a 2-year history of heart block, which had necessitated pacemaker implantation, and a 6-month history of heart failure. Endomyocardial biopsy specimens initially revealed lymphocytic myocarditis but subsequently showed giant cell myocarditis. She died suddenly, and autopsy disclosed extensive cardiac sarcoidosis with minimal extracardiac involvement. Cardiac sarcoidosis may be difficult to diagnose clinically because the extent of cardiac and the extent of extracardiac involvement tend to be inversely related. Endomyocardial biopsy may be helpful in diagnosing such cases.
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PMID:Cardiac sarcoidosis: a potentially treatable form of myocarditis. 402 46

To analyze the clinical features of cardiac sarcoidosis, we reviewed case reports and clinical investigations from Japan and other countries. Female patients were more frequently affected in this disease in Japan. Cardiac sarcoidosis is characterized by a high incidence of complete atrioventricular block, right bundle branch block, and ventricular arrhythmias on the electrocardiogram. Echocardiography often reveals left ventricular dilatation with systolic dysfunction and wall thickening or thinning. Radionuclide testings, such as, thallium-201, gallium-67 or technetium-99m pyrophosphate, are useful for detecting cardiac involvement and evaluating efficacy of corticosteroid therapy in patients with sarcoidosis. Most of the patients died due to recurrent or refractory heart failure. It is noteworthy that cases of sudden death during stable cardiac function have become infrequent.
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PMID:[Cardiac sarcoidosis]. 804 45

Cardiac sarcoidosis is a disease of young adults. In most cases, it presents with sudden death, arrhythmia, conduction disorders, heart failure, or cardiomyopathy. The authors describe a young Indo-Asian man with cardiac sarcoidosis who presented acutely with chest pain and malignant cardiac arrhythmias. The diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis should be considered in all young patients with unexplained arrhythmias or heart failure or in cases of sudden death.
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PMID:Sarcoid heart disease: a rare cause of chest pain and malignant cardiac arrhythmia in a young Asian man. A case report. 881 Jun 58

Cardiac sarcoidosis induces heart failure death or sudden death in many cases and is thus often associated with a poor prognosis. In Japan 47-78% of sarcoidosis patients die of cardiac lesions. Early diagnosis is important in such cases, and a comprehensive judgment based on the endomyocardial biopsy, echocardiography and nuclear medicine examination findings should be made according to the 'Handbook of the Diagnosis of Cardiac Sarcoidosis'. Once a diagnosis is made the introduction of steroid therapy should be considered. Steroid administration should be conducted referring to the 'Guidelines to the Treatment of Cardiac Sarcoidosis'.
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PMID:[Cardiac sarcoidosis]. 1223 77

Cardiac sarcoidosis was diagnosed in 3 patients: 2 men aged 52 and 51 years, respectively, and a woman aged 55 years. Both men had ventricular tachycardia. In the first man, a right-ventricle biopsy revealed a non-caseating granuloma. The second man had active granulomatous cardiac infiltration, according to a gallium scintigram. The first man recovered after receiving immunosuppression, heart-failure medication, and an implantable defibrillator; the second received the same plus radio-frequency catheter ablation, but experienced serious heart failure. The woman was being treated for pulmonary sarcoidosis but complained of progressive cardiac symptoms. She recovered after receiving heart-failure medication, immunosuppression, and a biventricular pacemaker. Sarcoidosis is a multi-system granulomatous disorder of unknown aetiology with cardiac involvement in 20 to 30% of patients, resulting in severe morbidity and mortality. With the help ofgadolinium MRI and positron emission tomography (PET), these conditions can be detected at an earlier stage, which allows for improved evaluation of the efficacy of available therapies. The use of resynchronisation therapy and implantable defibrillators has improved the prognosis of patients with cardiac sarcoidosis.
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PMID:[Cardiac sarcoidosis: improved prognosis through new diagnostic tests and treatment]. 1612 71

Cardiac sarcoidosis is a disease of young adults. In most cases it presents with sudden death, arrhythmias, conduction disorders, heart failure or cardiomyopathy. The authors describe two cases of myocardial involvement by sarcoidosis that lead to death of the patients. Case one was a 26-year-old Indian man who was previously well and presented with sudden death. Autopsy showed nodules of sarcoid granuloma involving the heart, lungs and lymph nodes. Case two was a 47-year-old Indian lady who complained of reduced effort tolerance. Echocardiography showed that she had restrictive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with heart failure. Seven months after initial presentation, she developed worsening of heart failure and died. Autopsy revealed involvement of the heart, lungs and liver by sarcoidosis.
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PMID:Cardiac sarcoidosis: two cases with autopsy findings. 1619 53

Cardiac sarcoidosis is a rare but important differential diagnosis in patients who present with progressive heart failure and arrhythmia. It may be diagnosed on endomyocardial biopsy. An excellent response can be achieved with steroid therapy in the early acute inflammatory stage. Progression of the disease may lead to end-stage heart failure that requires implantation of a permanent pacemaker, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, or mechanical circulatory support as a bridge to heart transplantation. We present three Hong Kong Chinese patients with cardiac sarcoidosis.
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PMID:Cardiac sarcoidosis: a potentially fatal but treatable form of infiltrative heart disease. 1649 92

Cardiac sarcoidosis is a common and often fatal complication of systemic sarcoidosis. When present, cardiac sarcoid is generally a diffuse and patchy process involving predominantly the left ventricle. We report the case of a patient with known cardiac sarcoidosis who underwent cardiac transplantation for poorly controlled ventricular tachycardia and heart failure. His explanted heart had a previously undescribed distribution of sarcoidosis. This patient had complete, circumferential involvement of the right ventricle with near-total loss of right ventricular wall myocardium, and secondary marked dilation. The interventricular septum was predominantly involved along the right ventricle. The cardiac conducting system was also extensively involved, showing granulomatous disease. The left ventricular free wall was spared of any gross evidence of sarcoidosis. We present the unusual pathologic findings of the explanted heart and correlate the results with the patient's clinical data.
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PMID:Right ventricle-dominant cardiac sarcoidosis with sparing of the left ventricle. 1656 81

Cardiac sarcoidosis can have a variety of manifestations including conduction disease, congestive heart failure, valvular heart disease, pericardial effusions, tamponade, ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. In patients with sarcoidosis, the reported incidence of cardiac involvement ranges from 20% in US autopsy studies to nearly 60% in Japan, where it accounts for the majority of deaths as a result of sarcoidosis. Despite this, the diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis remains difficult and no single diagnostic test has emerged that combines a high degree of sensitivity and specificity. Recent evidence suggests that gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging can potentially offer high sensitivity and specificity for both disease presence and activity. It may also be possible to track response to treatment of cardiac sarcoidosis with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment for cardiac sarcoidosis as with systemic sarcoid but at present no prospective trial has shown a survival benefit. Pharmacological treatment of heart failure should follow standard heart failure guidelines, whereas anti-arrhythmic treatment is problematic. The role of implantable cardiac defibrillators in sarcoid has not been well defined, although the risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death are high. Cardiac transplantation remains an option for younger patients, although overall cardiac involvement in sarcoidosis carries a relatively poor prognosis.
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PMID:Cardiac sarcoidosis. 1838 Jul 1


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