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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Heart insufficiency, cardiomegaly and pathological changes of the ECG after exclusion of coronary heart disease, congenital or acquired vitia cordis and hypertension of the greater or lesser circulatory system result in the diagnosis cardiomyopathy with the liability of further differential-diagnostic demarcation. If causes of a secondary cardiomyopathy can be detected, a causal therapy is often possible, as to the remaining group of the idiopathic cardiomyopathies one must for the time being limit to an exclusively symptomatic treatment (protective therapy, limitation of the fluid supply, glycosides, diuretics, medicamentous and electric therapy of disturbances of the rhythm).
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PMID:[Cardiomypathies]. 12 20

Under ether anesthesia electrocardiograms were derived from Syrian hamsters (strain BIO 8262) suffering from cardiomyopathy and muscular dystrophy. In addition, ventricular weights and body weight were determined. Young hamsters -- not yet showing morphological signs of the cardiomyopathy with the exception of possible left ventricular hypertrophy -- demonstrated only a longer ventricular activation time than normal hamsters. With the onset of cardiac necrotization left axis deviation in frontal plane projection and right bundle branch blocks are developing in the cardiomyopathic hamsters followed by first degree atrioventricular conduction defects. During the late stage of the cardiomyopathy left bundle branch blocks are additionally arising, while left ventricular hypertrophy is disappearing. Since no overt heart failure is occurring in this strain of cardiomyopathic hamsters, gradual development of high degree conduction defects is assumed to terminate their lives. The electrocardiographic pattern of the hamster cardiomyopathy fits partly into that of human primary as well as secondary cardiomyopathy. Nevertheless, it seems to form an entity of its own, as arrhythmias, higher degree atrioventricular conduction disturbances, typical signs of ventricular or septal hypertrophy, abnormal P and Q waves, ST segment and T wave changes are lacking.
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PMID:Electrocardiographic changes in cardiomyopathic Syrian hamsters (strain BIO 8262). 14 76

Serum cardiac myosin light chain I (LCI) levels were quantitated using a radioimmunoassay kit in patients suspected of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). In this study, 55 patients were evaluated between 1986 and 1991. They were composed of 40 males and 15 females, and their age was 27-75 years (51 +/- 11 years). The patients with renal dysfunction were excluded due to their serum creatinine levels (greater than 2.0 mg/dl). 1) After cardiac catheterization, endomyocardial biopsy and echocardiography, 44 patients were diagnosed as DCM, 2 as ischemic heart disease, 2 as chronic myocarditis, 1 as restrictive cardiomyopathy, 1 as dilated hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, 1 as cardiac amyloidosis, 2 as myopathy, 1 as polymyositis and 1 as hypothyroidism. 2) Only two patients with DCM had elevated LCI. Besides, two patients with myopathy or hypothyroidism had elevated LCI. 3) In the follow-up, one patient died suddenly 6 months later and another showed normal value of LCI four years later. 4) LCI elevation in DCM was not related to either the severity of heart failure or cardiac function and it showed no finding of 201Tl myocardial defect or elevated CPK. 5) The mechanism for elevated LCI in myopathy is related to a cross-reaction with myosin light chain in the skeletal muscle. In hypothyroidism, it may be related to decreased clearance of normal LCI concentration or increased myosin light chain from damaged skeletal muscle. In conclusion, it is evident that the measurement of LCI is not helpful in clinical assessment of patients with DCM, but may be useful in detection of secondary cardiomyopathy.
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PMID:[Clinical assessment of serum myosin light chain I in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy]. 143 84

The role of the stimulatory guanine nucleotide-binding protein (Gs) in heart failure is unclear. We therefore determined the amount of protein and mRNA of Gs in the failing myocardium using two animal models: the BIO 53.58 hamster, a model of genetic cardiomyopathy, and adriamycin-treated rats (ADR rats), a model of secondary cardiomyopathy. The maximal number of myocardial beta-adrenoceptors in the BIO 53.58 hamsters as well as in the ADR rats was significantly lower than that in the respective controls, indicating that the beta-adrenoceptors were down-regulated in heart failure. Analysis by Western blot and Northern blot revealed a significant decrease in Gs protein and mRNA in the BIO 53.58 hamsters relative to the control. There were no differences in the level of Gs protein or mRNA in the ADR rats vs the controls. The functional activity of Gs was investigated by measuring adenylate cyclase activity. The activity of adenylate cyclase in response to stimulation by sodium fluoride or forskolin was decreased in the BIO 53.58 hamsters relative to control animals, whereas no differences were observed in the ADR rats vs the controls. Thus, alterations in Gs in the failing heart appear to differ according to its cause.
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PMID:Stimulatory guanine nucleotide-binding protein in failing heart of hamsters and rats. 963 57

We report the case of a 56-year-old woman with congenital coarctation of the aorta, who presented in critical clinical condition with advanced secondary cardiomyopathy and heart failure. We successfully applied an unusual technique to pass the aortic obstruction, and then implanted a PALMAZ stent. The procedure resulted in prompt clinical improvement and completely resolved the coarctation. The patient's improved clinical condition was still evident 11 months after the procedure.
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PMID:Stent implantation in an adult with coarctation of the aorta in the presence of advanced secondary heart failure. 1039 40

Cardiac remodelling associated with primitive and secondary cardiomyopathy is generally associated with changes in the expression in extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins as well as their transmembrane receptors, the integrins. It emerges now that the ECM provides a structural, chemical, and mechanical substrate that is essential in cardiac function and responses to pathophysiological signals. This review will describe the various elements of the ECM, its modifications that are associated with cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, and the molecular basis bringing a better insight into the dynamics of the ECM.
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PMID:Extracellular matrix and cardiac remodelling. 1261 Oct 45

Our 15-year experience of the Toyobo paracorporeal left ventricular assist system (LVAS) at Osaka University Hospital was reviewed. In total, 61 patients underwent Toyobo LVAS implantation from January 1992 to August 2007. Their mean age was 38.1 +/- 16.9 years. The etiologies of heart failure were idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy in 35 patients, ischemic cardiomyopathy in 15, myocarditis in 5, secondary cardiomyopathy in 4, and others in 2. Preoperatively, intubation was required in 41 patients (67.3%), an intra-aortic balloon pump was required in 38 (62.3%), and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was required in 30 (49.2%). Four patients underwent heart transplantation and 11 underwent LVAS removal. Of those 11 patients, 4 were subjected to emergent removal because of device complications and all of them died. Of the 7 patients that underwent scheduled LVAS removal, heart failure recurred in 2 patients and reimplantation was required. In terms of major device-related complications, cerebral hemorrhage occurred in 16 patients (26.2%), cerebral infarction in 19 (31.1%), mediastinitis in 10 (16.4%), and inflow/outflow cannula exit site infection in 19 patients (31.1%). The actuarial survival rate of the patients operated on in the last 5 years of this study was 66.3% at 6 months and 45.9% at 1 year. Although the survival rate of patients supported by the Toyobo LVAS has recently improved, the morbidity rate is significant. Considering the current severe shortage of heart donors in Japan, it is important to introduce more durable devices with fewer complications and to establish the strategies for using the LVAS as a bridge to recovery.
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PMID:Fifteen-year experience with Toyobo paracorporeal left ventricular assist system. 1933 May 2

We report the case of a 49 year-old-man with congenital coarctation of the aorta (CoA), admitted in a critical clinical condition due to advanced secondary cardiomyopathy and chronic heart failure. An Andrastent XL was implanted successfully in the CoA. The procedure resulted in an almost completely resolved CoA and prompt clinical improvement in the patient.
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PMID:Implantation of an Andrastent XL in an adult with advanced chronic heart failure due to coarctation of the aorta. 2192 21

Bridge to bridge (BTB) is a promising strategy for the treatment of end-stage heart failure that involves the left ventricular assist system (LVAS). We describe our experience with the conversion of an extracorporeal ventricular assist system (VAS), the NIPRO VAS, to an implantable LVAS, the EVAHEART LVAS. A 32-year-old man underwent a NIPRO VAS implantation as a bridge to decision for a condition consistent with Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support profile 1. He was later diagnosed with secondary cardiomyopathy due to cardiac sarcoidosis. During the period in which he had NIPRO VAS support, no significant bacterial cultures were obtained from the cannula-piercing site, and no systemic infection occurred. Approximately 5 months after the NIPRO VAS implantation, he underwent an EVAHEART LVAS implantation as a BTB. The procedure required technical modifications, including the anastomosis of outflow grafts, trimming of the apical cuff, and creation of a pump pocket. The operation was completed uneventfully. The patient completed the discharge program for awaiting heart transplantation at home. Approximately 6 months after the EVAHEART LVAS implantation, he continues to do well without any complications, including infection, and visits our hospital as an outpatient. Conversion to an implantable LVAS can be beneficial in carefully selected patients after ascertaining the operative indications and operation timing.
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PMID:A case of conversion of a NIPRO ventricular assist system to an EVAHEART left ventricular assist system. 2322 31