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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cardiac sarcoidosis is a common and often fatal complication of systemic sarcoidosis. When present, cardiac sarcoid is generally a diffuse and patchy process involving predominantly the left ventricle. We report the case of a patient with known cardiac sarcoidosis who underwent cardiac transplantation for poorly controlled ventricular tachycardia and heart failure. His explanted heart had a previously undescribed distribution of sarcoidosis. This patient had complete, circumferential involvement of the right ventricle with near-total loss of right ventricular wall myocardium, and secondary marked dilation. The interventricular septum was predominantly involved along the right ventricle. The cardiac conducting system was also extensively involved, showing granulomatous disease. The left ventricular free wall was spared of any gross evidence of sarcoidosis. We present the unusual pathologic findings of the explanted heart and correlate the results with the patient's clinical data.
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PMID:Right ventricle-dominant cardiac sarcoidosis with sparing of the left ventricle. 1656 81

The main reason for myocardial dysfunction is chronical myocardial ischemia. Recently we could show, that NCAM (CD56), a neural cell adhesion molecule and member of the immunoglobuline superfamily, and the transcription factor AML1 (RUNX1) are overexpressed in chronic ischemic human heart failure compaired to normal hearts. Here we demonstrate, that the overexpression of NCAM (CD56) is specific for ischemic damage as compaired to other heart diseases including congestive cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic obstrutive cardiomyopathy, myocarditis and sarcoidosis. Concerning the transcriptional regulation of NCAM (CD56) by AML1 (RUNX1) we isolated 3 novel isoforms of AML 1 (RUNX1) with different transactivating function, that might be a regulatory element of the NCAM (CD56) overexpression in chronical myocardial ischemia.
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PMID:[The overexpression of NCAM (CD56) in human hearts is specific for ischemic damage]. 1689 59

The paper gives a review of the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of cardiac sarcoidosis. Approximately 30% of patients with systemic sarcoidosis have granulomas in the myocardium, and 5% have clinical signs of cardiac affection. Cardiac manifestations comprise pericarditis, heart block, ventricular arrhythmias, valvular disease, ventricular aneurism, congestive heart failure and sudden cardiac death. Most frequent causes of death are sudden death and heart failure. Adequate treatment improves the prognosis of the disease.
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PMID:[Cardiac sarcoidosis]. 1711 37

During the period 1984-2005, eight patients aged 25-57 years were treated for cardiac sarcoidosis. Diagnosis was obtained in three patients by endomyocardial biopsy, in three at heart transplantation (HTx) and in two at autopsy. Two patients had heart block, five ventricular arrhythmias and six dilated cardiomyopathy with congestive heart failure. Five patients died, one by sudden death, two of heart failure and two after HTx. Diagnosing cardiac sarcoidosis remains difficult, although MRI and PET scan have renewed the awareness of the disease.
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PMID:[Cardiac sarcoidosis--a difficult diagnosis. A report of 8 consecutive patients with arrhythmias and cardiomyopathy]. 1711 43

Sarcoidosis disease expression differs along racial/ethnic lines and black race has been cited as a poor prognostic factor. Besides genetic, healthcare, and socioeconomic factors, comorbid illnesses may influence sarcoidosis disease expression. We set out to investigate the association between comorbid illnesses and chest radiographic severity in a population of African-American sarcoidosis patients. The study was designed as a retrospective database analysis. The hospital and outpatient databases of the Grady Health System were searched to capture adult patients between November 1999 and December 2003 with the ICD-9 codes of 135 or 519.8, along with all associated secondary and tertiary diagnostic codes. Patient electronic pathology and radiographic reports were reviewed for tissue biopsies showing noncaseating granulomas and for chest radiographic Scadding stage. A total of 165 African-American patients were identified (64% female, 43 +/- 10 years old). Ninety percent (149/165) had comorbid illnesses. The most frequent chronic comorbid illnesses were hypertension (39%), diabetes mellitus (19%), anemia (19%), asthma (15%), gastroesophageal reflux disease (15%), depression (13%), and heart failure (10%). Females had increased frequency and clustering of chronic illnesses. Chest radiographic stages were more severe in patients with anemia, depression, and those less than 40 years old. Males, within each chronic illnesses category, had more severe CXR stages compared to females; however, significance was not achieved. We concluded that most adult patients with sarcoidosis have comorbid illnesses and these, in addition to gender differences, may influence sarcoidosis disease expression. Screening for comorbid illnesses should be an important aspect of sarcoidosis patient management.
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PMID:Comorbid illnesses and chest radiographic severity in African-American sarcoidosis patients. 1738 99

In patients with symptoms of heart failure, identifying the underlying cause of cardiomyopathy is helpful to establish the diagnosis and to guide therapy. The differential diagnosis of cardiomyopathy can be challenging based on clinical findings. We report the case of a patient who represented a clinical dilemma (cardiac sarcoidosis or ischaemic heart disease), in whom cardiovascular magnetic resonance was a clinically valuable tool to distinguish dual cardiac pathology due to its unique, non-invasive, tissue characterization capabilities.
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PMID:Severely impaired left ventricular function: tissue characterization by cardiovascular magnetic resonance in a clinical dilemma. 1760 24

A 33-year-old woman presented with clinical signs of heart failure and previously diagnosed complete atrioventricular block. DNA sequencing revealed a homozygous point mutation in exon 5 of the btnl2 gene coding for a truncated protein which lacks the membrane-anchoring motif. This single nucleotide polymorphism is known to be a risk factor for sarcoidosis. Indeed, endomyocardial biopsy demonstrated multiple nonnecrotizing granulomas composed of epitheloid cells and moderate numbers of multinucleated giant cells. Because no other organs were affected, isolated cardiac sarcoidosis was diagnosed and treated with corticosteroids. Thus, detection of the disease-associated btln2 allele may help to identify patients with sarcoidosis as the underlying cause of heart failure.
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PMID:Isolated cardiac sarcoidosis associated with the expression of a splice variant coding for a truncated BTNL2 protein. 1856 Feb 35

To this day the aetiology of sarcoidosis continues to elude definition. Partially as a consequence of this, little in the way of new therapies has evolved. The enigma of this condition is that, unusually for a disease with the potential for devastating consequences, many patients show spontaneous resolution and recover. Cardiac involvement can affect individuals of any age, gender or race and has a predilection for the conduction system of the heart. Heart involvement can also cause a dilated cardiomyopathy with consequent progressive heart failure. The most common presentation of this systemic disease is with pulmonary infiltration, but many cases will be asymptomatic and are detected on routine chest radiography revealing lymphadenopathy. Current advances lie in the newer methods of imaging and diagnosing this unusual heart disease. This review describes the pathology and diagnosis of this condition and the newer imaging techniques that have developed for determining cardiac involvement.
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PMID:Sarcoid heart disease. 1791 69

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia was diagnosed in 2000 in this 44-year-old male patient with a history of syncope. An internal defibrillator was implanted. Six years later the patient was readmitted with severe heart failure, and cardiac sarcoidosis was diagnosed by myocardial biopsy. Response to a course of glucorticoids was favourable. We herein review diagnostic strategies and therapeutic options in this rare disorder.
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PMID:[A heart insufficiency treated by glucocorticoids]. 1797 24

We report successful surgical management of a 31-year-old man with a left ventricular thrombus following heart failure due to cardiac sarcoidosis. Preoperative echocardiography showed diffuse hypokinesis and a mobile ball-like thrombus in the left ventricle. Computed tomography revealed a left ventricular tumor and bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, while MRI of the brain showed small infarctions in the occipital lobe. Postoperative pathologic examination of a specimen from the left ventricular free wall and a mediastinal lymph node revealed non-caseating granulomas consistent with cardiac sarcoidosis. The patient was referred to a cardiologist for further treatment with prednisolone. This is a rare case of surgical removal of a left ventricular ball-like thrombus in a patient with cardiac sarcoidosis.
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PMID:Surgical removal of a left ventricular thrombus associated with cardiac sarcoidosis. 1820 46


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