Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An eight-month-old was admitted for acute congestive heart failure with fever. The respective parts played by hypocalcemia (due to vitamin-D deficiency rickets) and acute Epstein-Barr virus infection are discussed. Hypocalcemia was sufficiently marked to induce heart failure per se but replenishment of calcium stores was followed by only partial improvement in cardiac manifestations. Initial management was difficult because of the risks associated with concomitant administration of calcium and digitalis. After eighteen months during which the patient's status remained stable, evaluation showed that clinical features were consistent with sequelae of acute viral myocarditis. The possibility of primary hypokinetic dilated cardiomyopathy was then considered. Esterified carnitine levels were found to be increased leading to further investigations which outruled mitochondrial cytopathy.
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PMID:[Acute heart insufficiency in an 8-month-old infant presenting with hypocalcemia and Epstein-Barr virus infection: acute myocarditis? Or primary hypokinetic dilated cardiomyopathy?]. 131 31

We describe a case of a three and half month old infant presenting with a congestive heart failure due to hypocalcemic cardiomyopathy. Vitamin D deficiency rickets was found to be the cause for the hypocalcemia. The heart failure responded promptly to adequate Calcium therapy accompanied by usual anticongestive therapy.
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PMID:[Congestive heart failure in rickets caused by vitamin D deficiency]. 271 37

Six very preterm (< 32 weeks' gestation) infants who developed late-onset respiratory distress were each matched for sex and gestation with 2 control preterm infants. Radiologically and biochemically the diagnosis of rickets and rachitic respiratory distress seemed clear and the pattern conformed with other reports of the syndrome. The control infants were of similar gastational ages but there was a significantly higher incidence of pre-eclampsia in the pregnancies of index cases. Also significant was a prolonged illness of several weeks' duration in the index cases; this illness was either heart failure due to patent ductus arteriosus or prolonged ventilation in the early weeks of life for apnoeic attacks. Awareness of these 2 aetiological factors shows the necessity of monitoring such infants for evidence of rickets. The use of water-soluble antirachitic prophylaxis such as 1 alpha-hydroxy-vitamin D or 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D is sometimes indicated.
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PMID:Aetiological factors in rickets of prematurity. 743 31

The authors report on a case of cardiomyopathy with congestive heart failure in an infant with severe hypocalcemia related to vitamin D deficient rickets. The heart failure was successfully treated with calcium gluconate and vitamin D, associated with dobutamide.
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PMID:[A severe form of vitamin D deficiency with hypocalcemic cardiomyopathy]. 816 15

A 1-year study of 529 Yemeni children under 5 years of age hospitalized for severe pneumonia was undertaken to define their clinical characteristics and to identify risk factors associated with death from pneumonia. There were 354 (66.9%) boys, 270 of the 529 (51%) were under 6 months of age and 457 (86.4%) were aged < or = 12 months. The clinical characteristics of the group were as follows. Boys constituted 70% of the group and under-1-year-olds 86%, weight-for-age was under 60% in 23%, clinical rickets was present in 50% and anaemia in 30% (30.1%). On admission, cyanosis was detected in 56%, heart failure in 21% and isolated hepatomegaly in 14%. Fifty-two children died (CFR 9.8%), of whom 25 (48%) were under 6 months of age and 20 (38.5%) were aged between 6 and 12 months. Only seven children aged over 1 year died from pneumonia. Weight-for-age less than 60%, rickets, haemoglobin < 10 g/dl, cyanosis and heart failure were associated with an increased risk of dying from severe pneumonia.
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PMID:Clinical characteristics and outcome of children aged under 5 years hospitalized with severe pneumonia in Yemen. 957 91

Nutritional deficiency of vitamin D is common in developing countries as a result of both inadequate diet and exposure to ultraviolet light. The most striking biochemical finding in this illness is hypocalcemia. Reduction in serum calcium level may affect ventricular contraction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate prospectively left ventricular function in a group of 27 infants diagnosed as having rickets. Electrocardiograms and echocardiographic studies were undertaken in all patients. A group of ten healthy infants was used as a control for the echocardiographic examinations. Patients were divided into three groups according to the biochemical classification of rickets. There were eight patients in group I, nine in group II, and ten in group III. Abnormal electrocardiographic findings were noted in four infants in group I, three in group II, and six in group III before treatment of the rickets. These changes resolved following treatment. Echocardiographic studies revealed left ventricular dysfunction in the pretreatment stage. The most striking echocardiographic finding is the increase in the ratio of interventricular septal thickness to left ventricular posterior wall thickness in eight patients from group III. This returned to normal after treatment of the rickets. This study has demonstrated echocardiographic evidence of left ventricular dysfunction in children with rickets. These abnormalities were not, however, sufficiently severe to be associated with clinical signs of cardiac failure. Cardiomyopathy may develop in rickets, especially in the third stage of the disease, and this finding may return to normal following adequate treatment of the rickets.
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PMID:Cardiac functions in children with vitamin D deficiency rickets. 1036 54

Hypocalcemia is a rare, but reversible, cause of congestive heart failure. We report a 4-month-old boy diagnosed as dilated cardiomyopathy who had prolonged QoTc with low blood levels of calcium, normal phosphate, elevated alkaline phosphatase and findings suggestive of rickets. In view of non response to calcium and vitamin D3, a possible diagnosis of VDDR I (Vitamin D-dependent rickets) was made and he was treated with calcium and calcitriol. The serum calcium levels normalised within 10 days, along with resolution of the signs and symptoms of heart failure, near normal left ventricular function and normalisation of QoTc. Pediatricians should be aware of the association of hypocalcemia with cardiac dysfunction and should keep it as a possible reversible cause of heart failure in children.
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PMID:Hypocalcemic heart failure masquerading as dilated cardiomyopathy. 1133 30

Both calcium and vitamin D play important roles in cardiac muscle contraction and performance. In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the status of serum calcium, PTH and 25(OH)D(3) and their correlation with left ventricular Function and NYHA Functional class in 95 heart failure patients referred to Shahid Chamran Hospital, Isfahan, Iran, by colorimetric, immunoradiometric, and Immunochemiluminescent assays, echocardiography and interview respectively. The study was performed between Oct 2007 and Feb 2008. Twenty eight women and 67 men of functional classes 1, 2, or 3 participated in the study. Mean (SD) of age of the participants was 62(11) years. Mean (SD) serum calcium and 25(OH)D(3) were 2.41(0.16) mmol/L and 56.78(51.33) nmol/L, respectively. The overall prevalence of low vitamin D status was 84.2%. There was no correlation between serum calcium and 25(OH)D(3) with LVEF. Interestingly, patients with hyperparathyroidism (serum PTH>65 ng/L) had lower LVEF (27% versus 32.5% p = 0.03). NYHA functional class was worse in patients with hyperparathyroidism (p = 0.08). Hypovitaminosis D is very prevalent in heart failure patients. Hyperparathyroidism in these patients may adversely affect cardiac function. Vitamin D3 might serve as an adjunctive treatment for heart failure patients.
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PMID:Calcium and vitamin D status in heart failure patients in Isfahan, Iran. 1969 Aug 19

Vitamin D deficiency is common among patients with myocardial diseases because sun-induced vitamin D production in the skin and dietary intake of vitamin D is often insufficient. Knockout mice for the vitamin D receptor develop myocardial hypertrophy and dysfunction. It has also been shown that children with rickets who suffered from severe heart failure could be successfully treated with supplementation of vitamin D plus calcium. In adults, almost all patients with heart failure exhibit reduced 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, which are used to classify the vitamin D status. In prospective studies, vitamin D deficiency was an independent risk factor for mortality, deaths due to heart failure and sudden cardiac death. Several vitamin D effects on the electrophysiology, contractility, and structure of the heart suggest that vitamin D deficiency might be a causal factor for myocardial diseases. Data from interventional trials, however, are rare and urgently needed to elucidate whether vitamin D supplementation is useful for the treatment of myocardial diseases. In our opinion, the current knowledge of the beneficial effects of vitamin D on myocardial and overall health strongly argue for vitamin D supplementation in all vitamin D-deficient patients with or at high risk for myocardial diseases.
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PMID:Vitamin D deficiency and myocardial diseases. 2035 23

Dilated cardiomyopathy is an important cause of heart failure in children. Often it requires transplantation, but on rare occasions it is curable by micronutrient supplementation. Hypocalcemic nutritional rickets was found to be a cause for dilated cardiomyopathy in a 15-month-old child. The patient responded to calcium and vitamin D supplementation promptly and left ventricular systolic function normalized after 3 months of treatment. Nutritional rickets must the considered as an important curable cause for dilated cardiomyopathy among children especially in regions where nutritional rickets is still common.
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PMID:Hypocalcemia nutritional rickets: a curable cause of dilated cardiomyopathy. 2055 14


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