Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report the case of a child with cor pulmonale due to chronic thromboembolism from a ventriculoatrial shunt. The patient's pulmonary hypertension and heart failure did not resolve after removal of the atrial catheter and conversion to a ventriculoperitoneal system, and death ensued 2 months later. The reasons for the historical ascendancy of ventriculoperitoneal over ventriculoatrial shunts must be recalled when circumstances make the peritoneal cavity an unsuitable receptacle for CSF diversion. Patients with ventriculoatrial shunts must be monitored for cardiopulmonary complications.
 ...
PMID:Cor pulmonale: a lethal complication of ventriculoatrial CSF diversion. 264 40

Sleep apnea in children develops when airway obstruction at night is severe; however, lesser degrees of obstruction may also cause problems. The most common cause of nighttime obstruction with or without apnea is hyperplasia of the tonsils and adenoids. Other conditions such as craniofacial anomalies and neuromuscular disorders may predispose children to obstruction of the airway during sleep. Although cor pulmonale, heart failure, and cardiorespiratory arrest are the most dramatic results of obstructive apnea, before these occur many other problems may develop that are detrimental to the child's health, including failure to thrive. A careful history and physical examination are usually sufficient to determine if obstruction and apnea are present at night. Additional studies such as sleep sonography and polysomnography are helpful for documentation of the disorder. The treatment of obstructive apnea, unless associated with central apnea, is surgical. The vast majority of children with obstruction have dramatic resolution of their obstruction following a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Occasionally additional procedures including uvulopalatopharyngoplasty and tracheotomy are needed.
 ...
PMID:Sleep apnea in children. 265 82

An increase in wedge pressure distinguishes right heart strain due to pulmonary congestion from cor pulmonale with normal pulmonary capillary pressure. Pulmonary hypertension might be due to exogenous hypoxia, obstructive sleep apnea, acute and chronic airway obstruction, diseases of the lung parenchyma, and vascular bed impairment of the thoracopulmonary mechanics, including neurogenic and muscular disorders, cardiac insufficiency of the left heart, and valvular diseases.
 ...
PMID:[Classification and diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension]. 274 Apr 89

Contemporary theories of oedema formation are often based on the idea that "effective" blood volume is reduced, and that sodium retention and oedema are a result of the kidney responding, as in haemorrhage, to a perception by receptors in the circulation that blood volume is inadequate. This idea has enhanced understanding of the pathophysiology of such conditions as cardiac failure and cirrhosis, but has obscured the fact that blood volume is almost always increased in oedematous states. Evidence is presented that an increase in renal venous pressure can cause sodium retention by a direct action on the kidney: a rise in venous pressure could thereby initiate a vicious circle by causing sodium retention, expansion of plasma volume, and further increase in venous pressure. This sequence of events may be crucial in the pathophysiology of cor pulmonale, and an exacerbating factor in other oedematous states.
 ...
PMID:Raised venous pressure: a direct cause of renal sodium retention in oedema? 289 77

Over a 20 years period 50 patients with giant emphysematous bullae (bilateral in 20 cases) were operated upon. Fifteen had been exposed to an occupational risk (coal mining, steel milling, chemicals); all were, or had been, tobacco smokers; 11 were in acute respiratory distress at the time of surgery. Respiratory function tests showed mixed restrictive and obstructive impairment. Ten patients had chronic cor pulmonale. There were 8 post-operative deaths, 4 of them with right-sided heart failure. Mortality was highest in patients with bilateral lesions and in emergency situations. Late complications involved the lungs in 10 cases and the heart in 2 cases. The results of pre- and post-operative lung function tests could be compared in 13 patients.
 ...
PMID:[Surgery of giant bullae of emphysema in adults]. 296 83

The histories and the results of the postmortem examinations of 507 patients with chronic pulmonary heart disease were studied. In 62.6% of them left ventricular hypertrophy was found. As probable causes for this left ventricular hypertrophy are suggested: arterial hypertension, ischemic heart disease, hypoxemia, hypercapnia, heart failure, diabetes mellitus. The weight measurement correlations between the left and the right heart ventricles were studied in: "normal hearts", hearts with right ventricular, hypertrophy only, hypertrophy of both ventricles, left ventricular hypertrophy only. A correlation between the mass increase and the wall thickness of the ventricles was established. In the patients with chronic pulmonary heart disease and hypertrophy of both ventricles the mass and the wall thickness of the ventricles increase simultaneously. The possible pathogenetic mechanisms of the left ventricular involvement in patients with chronic pulmonary heart disease are discussed.
 ...
PMID:[Left heart ventricle in chronic cor pulmonale patients. Etiological, pathomorphological and organ weight measurement studies]. 296 38

Pulmonary hypertension is a relatively common complication of chronic lung disease in children that can cause diminished right ventricular performance (RVP) and, eventually, cor pulmonale and heart failure. Since oxygen may decrease pulmonary artery pressure in these patients, we questioned whether RVP would also improve concomitantly. We evaluated the effect of oxygen on RVP in two young hypoxemic patients by radionuclide angiography. A child with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and cor pulmonale who was not clinically in heart failure had acutely better RVP while breathing oxygen and a further improvement after continuous oxygen therapy for 1 year. In a young adult with cystic fibrosis who was suspected of being in heart failure RVP acutely improved when the FIO2 was increased. We conclude that oxygen may improve RVP in hypoxemic patients and speculate that the observation of such improvement may be valuable for the early detection of patients who can benefit from long-term oxygen therapy.
 ...
PMID:Effect of oxygen on right ventricular performance evaluated by radionuclide angiography in two young patients with chronic lung disease. 303 45

A group of 36 patients with cor pulmonale chronicum were treated for 12 months with ibopamine, a dopamine-related drug, orally active, suitable for the long-term therapy of congestive heart failure. In heart failure due to chronic pulmonary disease other drugs such as digitalis are hardly effective. The results obtained indicate that ibopamine, given alone or associated to other drugs, is clinically efficient in the treatment of cor pulmonale chronicum while very few side effects definitely related to ibopamine were reported. In particular no increase in arrhythmias or significant augmentation of anginal episodes was noted.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of heart failure following chronic cor pulmonale with ibopamine. 323 1

Blood gas and haemodynamic changes caused by chronic respiratory insufficiency affect the right ventricle and produce chronic cor pulmonale. Equally important but less well known modifications affect the left ventricle and the general circulation and are the subject of the present report. Hypoxemia, hypercapnia and acidosis caused by severe hypoxia create functional disturbances in both ventricles that are manifested in a volume overload that added to other major malfunctions provoke congestive heart failure. The coronary circulation is affected by metabolic factors, perfusion alterations, right ventricular hypertrophy and concomitant coronary lesions. Advanced respiratory insufficiency caused by poorly compensated respiratory acidosis and metabolic acidosis reduces cardiac output and frequency so that tissue perfusion is compromised. Furthermore alterations in transmembrane electrolytic concentrations produce repeated multifocal ventricular arrhythmias that expose the patient to the risk of sudden death. Cardiac failure is reflected in other organs like the kidney and the central nervous system and also contributes to tissue and cerebral hypoxia. The later depresses the respiratory centres and develops into often irreversible coma. A better knowledge of these elements may contribute to the development of appropriate treatment.
 ...
PMID:[General cardiocirculatory effects in chronic respiratory insufficiency]. 354 42

Ferritin (F) is an iron-protein (molecular weight 445.000) present in various organs including the heart. Using the immunoenzymatic method (Ferrizyme Abbott), ferritinemia (Fe) was determined daily in 28 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). A significant rise was revealed, already evident in the first few days 8-9 after with Fe gradually returns to baseline levels. The results have shown that this pattern is not evident in patients with angina, heart failure, valve defects, pericarditis or cor pulmonale and may thus be considered a reliable, if not early, marker of myocardial cytolysis. In those cases studied no correlations were observed between CPK and Fe peak or between these and clinical intensity of AMI.
 ...
PMID:[Behavior of blood ferritin in acute myocardial infarct]. 355 38


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>