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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Among 110 patients with dermatomyositis cardiovascular pathology was found in 77, and only in 37 of them it was attributable to the underlying pathology. In all of these patients myocardial lesions were found, that manifested themselves most frequently by non-specific ECG changes. Cardiac insufficiency and arrhythmias were revealed less frequently, mainly during exacerbations of the pathological process. Only in one patient endocarditis was diagnosed, and in two others elements of chronic cor pulmonale due to pneumonitis. In 18 patients signs of moderate myocardial dystrophy developed after a long-term therapy with corticosteroid hormones. A study of the central haemodynamics in 20 patients with dermatomyositis revealed a tendency towards a hyperkinetic state of the circulation in those patients who had the most sereve muscle syndrome. Angioscopy of the bulbar conjunctiva revealed the changes that persisted even during the remission period, achieved by means of active steroid therapy.
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PMID:[Cardiovascular pathology in dermatomyositis]. 115 33

Red cell mass and plasma volume were simultaneously measured by Cr51 and J125-albumine, respectively, in 36 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease and cor pulmonale. Additionally, pulmonary function tests and arterial blood gas analyses as well as pulmonary circulatory and right ventricular hemodynamic measurements were performed the same day. Patients were divided into 3 clinical subgroups: 1. a predominantely emphysematous A-type (n =12), 2. a predominantly bronchial B-type (n = 12), and 3. an intermediate type (n = 12) with about equal scores for A and B. With regard to the cardiac state, A-patients were clinically characterized by small ptotic hearts on chest x-ray and the absence of overt cardiac failure during the whole course of illness whereas B-patients generally showed radiological evidence of heart dilatation associated with recurrent episodes of manifest right ventricular failure. Patients of the intermediate type mostly had recovered from cardiac failure. The following results were obtained: 1. Red cell volume, plasma volume, and total blood volume were within normal limits in A-patients and in patients of the intermediate type. A marked hypervolemia in B-patients was almost entirely due to an increased red cell volume. 2. Close correlations of the red cell volume and total blood volume, respectively, to the arterial PO2 as well as to the arterial PCO2 could be established. 3. Total blood volume was significantly correlated to certain hemodynamic parameters, including cardiac output, stroke volume, pulmonary artery pressure, and right ventricular enddiastolic pressure. 4. The quotient body hematocrit/venous hematocrit was lowered to a significant degree as compared to normal subjects. As a consequence, indirect determination of red cell volume and total blood volume from plasma volume and venous hematocrit leads to a consistent overestimation of both parameters, amounting to 28% in the mean for the red cell mass and to 12% for the total blood volume in the present series.
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PMID:[Red cell mass and plasma volume in chronic cor pulmonale (author's transl)]. 119 61

The serum Aminophyllin (TP) and Cefotaxime (CTX) concentration of the patients of pulmonary heart disease during alute attack were measured by HLPC at 2 h and 6 h after infusion. (1) TP and CTX alone were used (2) TP and CTX were used simultaneously. The result showed that the concentrations of TP were much higher, but CTX were much lower when use CTX and TP simultaneously, at 2 h and 6 h (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The concentration of TP of pulmonary heart disease with heart failure was higher than without heart failure at 6 h when alone were used or simultaneous were used (P < 0.01), CTX wasn't correlated with heart failure. The concentrations of TP and CTX did not correlate with PaO2 and PaCO2. It showed that TP and CTX would not be used simultaneously.
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PMID:[Mutual influence of aminophyllin and cefotaxime in the treatment of pulmonary heart disease]. 130 7

The measurement of red cell deformability index (RCDI) was made in 29 patients with cor pulmonale and 31 persons of normal controls, at the same time blood gas values and plasma osmolarity were also measured. The results were as follows: (1) The RCDI of patients with acute respiratory and cardiac failure especially with respiratory encephalopathy was significantly lower than that of patient in stable conditions and normal controls. There was no significant difference in RCDI between patients in stable conditions and controls. (2) The PaO2 and pH (in a range of 7.31-7.39) were positively correlated with RCDI. There was no significant difference in RCDI between patients with normal plasma osmolarity and those with abnormal one. We suggested that this might contribute to the increase in pulmonary arterial pressure; and that the hypoxemia and acidosis might play an important role in decrease of RCDI.
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PMID:[Observation on red cell deformability in patients with cor pulmonale]. 130 10

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with severe cardiac arrhythmias and conduction abnormalities. Cor pulmonale and right-sided heart failure may ensue. Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) is one of several treatment modalities suggested for OSAS. Tracheotomy and CPAP treatment in adult OSAS patients and adenotonsillectomy in children with OSAS were shown to lead to improvement in some cardiac parameters. Cardiac function was prospectively evaluated in 19 OSAS patients before and after UPPP. No significant changes after surgery were noted on electrocardiographic studies. Improvement in global and regional function of both ventricles was seen in 91% of the patients. A trend toward significant elevation in left ventricular ejection fraction and a statistically significant increase in right ventricular ejection fraction were observed (45% +/- 9% to 50% +/- 7% [p = 0.007]). Our results support performance of UPPP in selected OSAS patients for relief of potentially life-threatening cardiac pathologies.
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PMID:Cardiac function in obstructive sleep apnea patients following uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. 138 11

There is little recent information on the prevalence of heart failure in the United Kingdom. Assuming that patients with heart failure would be taking diuretic drugs all such patients were identified in three general practices in north west London. The practice records of these patients were examined to determine which patients had heart failure. Of the 30,204 patients served by the practices, 117 had heart failure, a prevalence of 3.9 per 1000 patients. The mean age of these patients was 74 years. The prevalence of heart failure among patients under 65 years of age was 0.6 per 1000 patients rising to 27.7 per 1000 among those aged 65 years and over. The aetiology of heart failure was considered to be coronary heart disease for 32% of patients, valve disease for 19%, hypertension for 6%, cor pulmonale for 4% and congenital heart disease for 2%. The aetiology for the remaining 37% of patients was unknown. Most patients were referred to hospital and only 20% had been treated solely by the general practitioner. An electrocardiogram and chest radiograph had been obtained for over 80% of patients but only 28% had an echocardiogram. Heart failure occurs primarily in elderly patients, and coronary heart disease is the dominant aetiological factor.
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PMID:Prevalence of heart failure in three general practices in north west London. 141 62

The SDH and LDH activity in ventricular myocardium was studied in early autopsies of 16 patients, which died from acute pulmonary thromboembolism, and also in 17 dogs with experimental pulmonary embolism. In general the data of histoenzymological study of experimental and sectional material were identical. We revealed some factors, which correlated with low activity of catabolic enzymes in ventricular myocardium of the patients with pulmonary embolism: small volume of embolic occlusion (the thromboembolism of lobar and segmental pulmonary arteries); the presence of prior chronic cardiopulmonary disease; the advanced age and the female sex. Preexisting cardiopulmonary disease, as well as age and sex changes of myocardial metabolism, may assist the development of heart failure by relatively small volume of embolic obstruction.
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PMID:[Clinico-experimental study of histoenzymological changes in the ventricular myocardium in pulmonary embolism]. 142 Dec 85

Non-invasive measurements of right and left ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF, LVEF) by multiple-gated equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography were performed in 19 control subjects, 55 patients with COPD and cor pulmonale, simultaneous right heart catheterizations were performed in 10 patients with cor pulmonale to determine the mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP), and then, the acute hemodynamic and functional effects of nifedipine were evaluated. The mean RVEFs are different significantly among the various groups. With the development of the diseases, the RVEFs reduce gradually. The mean LVEF reduces significantly in cor pulmonale patients with heart failure. The RVEF correlated negatively to mPAP (r = -0.7047, P < 0.01). After nifedipine (20mg), the RVEF and mPAP do not change significantly (P > 0.05), but the artery blood pressure reduces significantly. We conclude that the equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography may be a useful and accurate method in diagnosing early cor pulmonale and cor pulmonale with right heart failure, and nifedipine may not be a good vasodilator for pulmonary hypertension.
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PMID:[Measurement of right and left heart function of COPD and cor pulmonale by radionuclide ventriculography]. 147 86

Four years after an HIV infection and without any preceding illness characteristic of AIDS, a 24-year-old woman developed dyspnoea on exertion and peripheral oedema. She had for several years been an intravenous drug addict and contracted hepatitis A and B. There were no symptoms of the HIV infection. Clinical, radiological and echocardiographic examination demonstrated right ventricular failure caused by pulmonary hypertension not due to pulmonary embolism or another known aetiology. The patient died suddenly 9 months after the diagnosis from heart failure. Autopsy established primary pulmonary hypertension with pathognomonic plexogenic pulmonary arterial disease which had led to cor pulmonale with overload myocarditis. Although there had been no clinical signs of renal failure, there was histological evidence of mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis and non-destructive interstitial nephritis. This case demonstrates that, in addition to the typical AIDS-associated diseases, other rarer syndromes may, in uncertain ways but connected with the HIV infection, decide the prognosis of such patients.
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PMID:[Primary pulmonary hypertension and mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis in HIV infection]. 158 15

The frequency, clinical characteristics, and outcome of patients admitted with heart failure to a district general hospital in North-West London serving a population of approximately 155,000 was assessed over a six-month period. The number of patients with heart failure was determined by both a prospective ward survey and a retrospective study of all patient records with diagnostic codes for heart failure or pulmonary oedema. During those six months, 2,877 patients were admitted to the medical and geriatric services of whom 140 (4.9%) had heart failure. Only 29 patients in heart failure were under the age of 65 years. In 86 patients the mode of presentation was acute pulmonary oedema. Fifty-two (37%) patients had an arrhythmia at the time of admission of whom 48 had atrial fibrillation. An electrocardiogram, a chest X-ray, and an echocardiogram were performed in 137, 136, and 81 patients respectively. The aetiology of heart failure was considered to be coronary artery disease (41%), valve disease (9%), hypertension (6%), cor pulmonale (4%), a dilated cardiomyopathy (1%), congenital heart disease (1%), thyrotoxicosis (1%), and unknown (36%). During the period of hospital stay 42 patients (30%) died; a further 20 patients (14%) died in a one-year follow-up. In a district general hospital heart failure is a common reason for admission and patients remain in hospital for a considerable time. Arrhythmias are commonly associated with heart failure. The prognosis is poor and the hospital mortality high. The management of heart failure is an important consideration in allocating hospital resources in a district general hospital.
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PMID:Heart failure in a district general hospital. 842 54


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