Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Although cardiac myxomas are histologically benign, they may be lethal because of their strategic position. They can mimic not only every cardiac disease but also infective, immunologic, and malignant processes. Myxomas must therefore be included in the differential diagnosis of valvular heart disease, cardiac insufficiency, cardiomegaly, bacterial endocarditis, disturbances of ventricular and supraventricular rhythm, syncope, and systemic or pulmonary embolism. The symptoms depend on the size, mobility, and location of the tumor. Echocardiography, including the transesophageal approach, is the most important means of diagnosis; CT and MRI may also be helpful. Coronary arteriography in patients over 40 years of age is generally required to rule out concomitant coronary artery disease. Surgical removal of the tumor should be performed as soon as possible; the long-term prognosis is excellent, and recurrences are rare. In follow-up examinations as well, echocardiography is essential.
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PMID:Cardiac myxomas. 861 42

We reviewed 22,486 consecutive autopsy reports in a single District General Hospital, from 1953 to 1992. Five hundred and eighty-one patients with fractures of the proximal femur (hip fracture) were identified. Causes of death were correlated with timing of surgery and change of clinical practice. Thromboembolic and haemorrhagic potential were analysed. The principal causes of death after hip fracture were bronchopneumonia, cardiac failure, myocardial infarction and pulmonary embolism. Surgical intervention, within 24 h of injury significantly reduced death from bronchopneumonia and pulmonary embolism. Early mobilization reduced death from bronchopneumonia. Pulmonary embolism may be reduced by prophylactic anticoagulation, but 17 per cent of patients are at risk of haemorrhage, and mechanical methods seem safer in this population.
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PMID:Death after proximal femoral fracture--an autopsy study. 764 22

There was presented two case of granulomatous giant cell myocarditis in 21 and 41 year old women, who died of severe heart failure. There made clinical diagnose in both case of pulmonary embolism. Light microscopic examination showed diffuse damage to the myocardium with necrosis of myocytes, fibrosis, infiltration of lymphocyte, plasmocytes and number multinucleated giant cells. Other organs showed no evidence of granulomatous disease.
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PMID:[Granulomatous gigantocellular myocarditis]. 765 16

During 1983-1992 in Turkey, 17 maternal deaths occurred out of 100,531 live births at the Zubeyde Hanim Maternity Hospital in Ankara for a maternal mortality ratio (MMR) of 16.9/100,000 live births. Hemorrhage (41.2%) and pulmonary embolism (35.3%) were the leading causes of maternal death. Cases referred to the hospital after home deliveries accounted for 57% of the hemorrhage-related deaths. Other causes of maternal death were eclampsia (11.7%), puerperal infection (5.9%), and heart failure attributed to rheumatic heart disease (5.9%). The MMR fell over time from 22.6 (1983-1984) to 12.8 (1991-1992). Women younger than 20 and those 35 and older suffered from the highest MMRs. MMR increased with parity (8 for primigravida, 10 for parity 1-2, 27.3 for parity 3-4, and 62.1 for parity =or 5). Cesarean delivery was associated with a higher MMR than vaginal delivery (44.7 vs. 14.1). This association was likely a result of pregnancy complications that led to a cesarean section rather than the cesarean section itself.
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PMID:Maternal mortality in a maternity hospital in Turkey. 766 Jul 64

The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is usually defined by the association of a clinical manifestation (venous or arterial thrombosis or miscarriage) with the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (lupus anticoagulant and/or anticardiolipin antibodies). It frequently occurs in the course of systemic lupus erythematosus but is also encountered as a "primary" disease. APS is responsible for diverse respiratory manifestations. Pulmonary embolism is common. The site of the causal venous thrombosis is frequently unusual. Pulmonary hypertension may be a consequence of repeated embolism or may belong to the primary idiopathic variety. Pulmonary manifestations may also result from left-sided heart failure due to mitral or aortic valve abnormalities, myocardial infarction or a specific myocardiopathy. APS is probably involved in the occurrence of some cases of adult respiratory distress syndrome. Long term secondary prevention of recurrent thrombosis is a central point in the management of APS.
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PMID:[Antiphospholipid syndrome and the pneumologist]. 772 79

Anatomoclinical and chronobiological aspects of sudden death (SD) of 671 subjects observed at the Emergency Room of Ferrara Hospital from January 1983 to December 1991 were prospectively investigated. 3 groups stratified by age were considered: group A with age < 65 years (no. = 251, 37.4%), group B with age between 65 and 74 years (no. = 210, 31.3%), and group C with age > or = 75 years (no. = 210, 31.3%). SD was classified on the basis of either anatomopathological (i.e.: acute myocardial infarction, acute myocardial failure, intracerebral hemorrhage, rupture of aortic aneurysm, pulmonary embolism), and clinical findings (i.e.: arrhythmic death and circulatory failure death). Patients were grouped into six 4-hour periods according to the time of onset of symptoms, and circadian distribution was tested for uniformity by a chi 2 test for goodness of fit. The analysis found in group C an increased frequency of SD due to pulmonary embolism and rupture of aortic aneurysm, and an increment of males/females ratio in deaths from cardiac causes. In group C the mean age of SD, in particular from acute myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism or arrhythmic death proved higher in females compared to males. Only for group B was a significant circadian periodicity found for SD from acute myocardial infarction and arrhythmic death, with a peak in the morning.
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PMID:Anatomoclinical and chronobiological aspects of sudden death in elderly subjects. 802 49

The density of adrenergic nervous plexus in ventricular myocardium, the concentration of catecholamines in blood and in adrenal medulla were studied on 24 dogs with acute massive pulmonary embolism (MPE) and also on 13 control dogs. Moderate and shortterm activation of adrenal system took place in control group. During the first hour of MPE the activation of both adrenal and mediator systems was revealed. To the six hour of MPE the enlarged activity of adrenal chromaffin cells was maintained, but the density of adrenergic nervous plexus in ventricular myocardium decreased. In cases, when MPE was followed by heart failure, a quick and significant decrease of mediator concentration in myocardium and increase of adrenal medullary cells activity took place. Thus, the velocity of revealed changes may be the reason of transition processes exit to compensative or decompensative state.
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PMID:[The sympathetic-adrenal system in experimental massive pulmonary embolism]. 804 85

Benign tumors of the heart are rare and their symptomatology often remains ambiguous. Nevertheless, they are an important differential diagnosis of valvular heart disease, cardiac insufficiency, ventricular and supraventricular rhythm disturbances, conduction defects, syncopes, and arterial or pulmonary embolism. Furthermore, they can mimic an infective, malignant or immunological disease. For the first time, at the beginning of the 1950s, the clinically suspected diagnosis of a cardiac tumor was confirmed by angiocardiography; now, after the technical evolution of ultrasound, computer-tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging over the past 30 years, the intravitam diagnosis is made more often and patients can be surgically treated.
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PMID:[Benign tumors of the heart]. 814 49

Mortality is high in unrecognized pulmonary embolism (PE), but the diagnosis is difficult to establish, especially in patients with coexisting cardiopulmonary disorders. We describe a group of 14 patients with pulmonary thromboemboli in whom transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) performed for coexisting cardiopulmonary conditions established the clinical diagnosis of PE not suspected prior to TEE. The patients had initial clinical diagnoses of heart failure (eight patients), cardiogenic shock (two patients), atrial septal defect (two patients), aortic dissection (one patient), and pneumonia (one patient). Thirteen patients had risk factors for PE. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) demonstrated right heart strain in eight patients but did not visualize PE in any of the patients. The TEE diagnosis of occult central pulmonary artery thromboembolism changed treatment in all 14 patients. Ten of the 14 patients were successfully discharged from the hospital. We conclude that occult central pulmonary artery thromboemboli are not uncommon in patients presenting with acute cardiopulmonary disorders and the presence of risk factors for PE and right heart strain on TTE should alert the physician to suspect PE. If and when TEE is performed in patients with acute cardiopulmonary disorders with risk factors for PE and right heart strain, the physician should evaluate the main pulmonary artery and its branches for central pulmonary artery thromboemboli.
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PMID:Impact of the incidental diagnosis of clinically unsuspected central pulmonary artery thromboembolism in treatment of critically ill patients. 787 82

The aim of this study was to determine whether the time of occurrence of sudden death exhibits a circadian rhythm depending on its different anatomoclinical causes. A longitudinal prospective investigation of 610 nonhospitalized subjects who died suddenly in the Emergency Room of Ferrara Hospital between January 1983 and December 1990 was conducted. All subjects underwent autopsy. Sudden death was classified on the basis of the following pathological causes; acute myocardial infarction, acute myocardial failure, intracerebral hemorrhage, rupture of aortic aneurysm, pulmonary embolism, and clinical causes, i.e., arrhythmia and circulatory failure. The investigated cases were stratified into 2 groups according to age; Group A = age < 70 years (n = 301, 49.3%), and Group B = age > or = to 70 (n = 309, 51.7%). The assessment of circadian rhythmicity was performed utilizing the single cosinor method. The results by cosinor analysis found a circadian rhythmicity for cases of sudden death (peak at 14.04, n = 610, p = 0.036), and in particular for females (peak at 13.12, n = 200, p = 0.004). Spectral analysis detected a statistical ultradian cycle in males having an 8-hour period (p = 0.015). A statistically significant circadian rhythm was found for cases of sudden death due to acute myocardial infarction (peak at 15.28, n = 330, p = 0.013), pulmonary embolism (peak at 11.46, n = 56, p = 0.003) and arrhythmia (peak at 13.08, n = 291, p = 0.04). In Group A no significant circadian rhythm was found, whereas in Group B a significant rhythmicity was found for sudden death from cardiac causes at 13.32 (n = 249, p = 0.015), from myocardial infarction at 15.02 (n = 154, p = 0.018) and from arrhythmia at 13.07 (n = 122, p = 0.014). Different circadian patterns of onset of sudden death may be shown in various subgroups of patients, due not only to different pathophysiologic mechanisms but also to anatomo-clinical aspects.
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PMID:Sudden death may show a circadian time of risk depending on its anatomo-clinical causes and age. 816 40


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