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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Myocardial involvement in lupus erythematosis takes the form of an interstitial myocarditis with cellular infiltration and fibrinoid necrosis. The most lesions are perivascular, and involve the arterioles. The myocardial fibres are involved secondarily to the vascular lesions, or by grossly, damaging sclerosis. The clinical features are variable:--no clinical features, but haemodynamic evidence of abnormal ventricular function, and perhaps sudden death;--arrhythmias and disorders of atrio-ventricular conduction;--cardiac failure, which may be due to a genuine cardiomyopathy (a part may be played by hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, renal failure, constrictive pericarditis or haemodynamically major valve disorders);--abnormalities of the coronary trunk in a certain number of cases. If anti-nuclear antibodies are present in a cardiomyopathy, the presence of DLE or of a drug-induced lupus syndrome must be suspected. There remain some awkward cases which defy classification, and which systematic use of echocardiography and pericardial and myocardial biopsy may be able to define more accurately.
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PMID:[The myocardiopathies of systemic lupus erythematosus]. 9 56

The principal echocardiographic features of the main cardiovascular emergencies are discussed. After setting out a method of detailed analysis for echocardiography, the changes found in the main causes of severe chest pain, systemic embolisation and sudden heart failure are described. Special emphasis is laid on the signs of aortic root dissection, pericarditis and tamponade, ruptured valve, the mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction and, in particular, on the assessment of residual myocardial function. Finally, the authors maintain that echocardiography should be a systematic complementary investigation for patients in the coronary care unit.
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PMID:[Echocardiographic aspects of left atrial thrombosis in 1 case of severe mitral stenosis]. 11 38

The principal echocardiographic features of the main cardiovascular emergencies are discussed. After setting out a method of detailed analysis for echocardiography, the changes found in the main causes of severe chest pain, systemic embolisation and sudden heart failure are described. Special emphasis is laid on the signs of aortic root dissection, pericarditis and tamponade, ruptured valve, the mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction and, in particular, on the assessment of residual myocardial function. Finally, the authors maintain that echocardiography should be a systematic complementary investigation for patients in the coronary care unit.
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PMID:[Value of echocardiography in cardiovascular emergencies (not including congenital cardiopathies)]. 11 40

The clinical, hemodynamic and radiologic signs of pericardial effusion are reviewed. From the symptomatic point of view low pressure (lax) pericardial effusion and compressive effusion (tamponade) are to be distinguished. Echocardiography is today the preferred method for study of patients with suspected pericardial effusion. This technique also provides insight into ventricular performance and is therefore helpful in the differential diagnosis of cardiomegaly due to pericardial effusion, heart failure or both. In our material uremic pericarditis, malignant tumors and leukemia were the predominant causes of pericardial effusion.
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PMID:[Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of pericardial effusion]. 13 71

Epistenocardial pericarditis, usually associated with anterior infarct, was noted in 64/400 myocardial infarct subjects admitted to an intensive care unit. No significant difference was observed with respect to this group in the case of mortality (20.6% as opposed to 26.2% in the controls) or complications of the acute stage, such as cardiac insufficiency and arrhythmia, though atrial fibrillation was more frequent (25% as against 15%). In all but one case, anticoagulant management was suspended on the appearance of pericarditis. In spite of the high frequency of atrial fibrillation, thromboembolic complications were not more frequent during brief (48-72 hr) suspension of anticoagulants. Dressler's syndrome was noted in 7 cases (1.7%), with epistenocardial pericarditis (4/7) or ventricular ectasia (3/7). Haemopericardium occurred in the case where anticoagulant management was not suspended.
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PMID:[Pericarditis in recent myocardial infarct]. 13 68

The association of idiopathic pericarditis and pregnancy is described in 3 patients. The disease preceded the onset of pregnancy in 2 patients and appeared during the sixth month in the third. All pregnancies reached term and the deliveries were uneventful. One patient had mild heart failure before the pregnancy. This deteriorated slightly during its course. The remaining 2 patients had no signs of heart failure and none of the 3 had arrhythmias or embolic phenomena. Two patients were treated with aspirin and prednisone and one was treated for heart failure only. All patientts are still symptomatic and require treatment 9 months, 1 year and 21 years after the pregnancy. Two of the patients underwent partial pericardiectomy.
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PMID:Idiopathic pericarditis and pregnancy. 27 96

A 55-year-old man had progressive dyspnea, recurrent atrial arrhythmias, and severe right heart failure following coronary bypass surgery. His condition improved only slightly with the usual decongestive therapy. When transferred for further studies 5 months after the operation, he had typical clinical and hemodynamic findings of constrictive pericarditis. Review of chest films following the bypass operation revealed a large pericardial effusion or hematoma, the incomplete resolution of which probably caused the pericardial constriction confirmed at thoracotomy. The man was treated by pericardiectomy. A recent report on the incidence of overt tamponade soon after bypass surgery suggests that a significant volume of pericardial fluid accumulates in the early postoperative course in many instances and that late constriction may not be a rare complication. In treating patients who have circulatory congestion after such operations, it is important that the physician consider constrictive pericarditis and not assume that the clinical findings are the consquence of myocardial failure.
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PMID:Pericardial constriction as a late complication of coronary bypass surgery. 30 90

Although postoperative constrictive pericarditis is rare, the diagnosis should be considered when unexplained right-sided heart failure develops after cardiac surgery. Within a 6 week interval, evidence of constrictive pericarditis developed in three patients who had recently undergone myocardial revascularization. One patient presented with biventricular failure, pericardial effusion and suspected tamponade. Severe constrictive pericarditis was demonstrated at subsequent operation. An apparent postpericardiotomy syndrome preceded evidence of right heart failure in the other two patients. Etiologic considerations include the possibility that pericardial irrigation with povidone-iodine (Betadine) solution may have contributed to subsequent fibrosis.
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PMID:Constrictive pericarditis after myocardial revascularization: report of three cases. 31 49

In 18 patients who presented in less than 2 years with heart disease characterized by arrhythmias (including atrial fibrillation, ventricular arrhythmias and heart block), atypical chest pain, pericarditis and cardiac failure, extensive investigation revealed no cause for the disease except for evidence of toxoplasmic infection. One patient had acute toxoplasmosis; the other 17 patients had chronically increased titers, higher than the expected level in the community and also higher than in a control series of patients with well defined heart disease. Toxoplasmosis is probably a fairly common cause of heart disease in this community. The source of infection appeared to be cats, uncooked meat and congenital infection. Patients received chemotherapy with either pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine or tetracycline. Serious relapse occurrred in three patients and embolic complications in two. Experimental myocarditis occurs when toxoplasmic cysts rupture within the heart; therefore clinical symptoms may occur sporadically during a chronic infection.
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PMID:Toxoplasmic infection in cardiac disease. 42 23

Initial studies from Bowman Gray School of Medicine showed that 18 of 30 patients with classic rheumatoid arthritis (RA) had cardiac involvement from their disease. These abnormalities were detected by echocardiography and consisted of mitral valve and/or pericardial abnormalities. All patients were followed for 4 years from the initial workup. Mitral valve abnormalities were seen on followup in 63% of the patients who initially showed this abnormality, while pericardial effusion remained in 20%. Pericardial thickening persisted in 6 of 7 patients. None of the patients developed constrictive pericarditis or heart failure. There was no definite correlation between persistence of these abnormalities and other clinical data, but it was noticed that patients who had persistent pericardial effusion and mitral valve abnormalities showed a higher number of involved joints and a higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The cardiac abnormalities described in this study have remained clinically insignificant in this population of RA patients.
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PMID:Cardiac involvement in rheumatoid arthritis. Followup study. 45 95


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