Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure are common to acromegalic patients who have abnormally high serum growth hormone (GH). While the function of cardiac muscle is clearly affected by chronically elevated GH, the electrical activity of myocytes from hearts with GH-dependent hypertrophy has not been studied. We used adult, female Wistar-Furth rats with induced GH-secreting tumors to study the effect of excessive GH on ion channels of cardiac myocytes. GH-secreting tumors were induced by subcutaneous inoculation of GH3 cells. Eight weeks after inoculation, the rats had doubled their body weight and heart size compared with age-matched controls. There were no differences in either action potential amplitude or resting potential of right ventricular myocytes from control and tumor-bearing rats. However, action potential duration increased significantly in tumor-bearing rats; the time to 50% repolarization was 23 +/- 14 ms (n = 10) compared with 6.6 +/- 1.5 ms (n = 14) in controls. The prolongation of the action potential was mainly due to a decrease in density of a transient outward current (It,o) carried by K+. The normalized conductance for It,o decreased from 0.53 +/- 0.10 nS/pF (n = 25) in controls to 0.33 +/- 0.09 nS/pF (n = 26) in tumor-bearing rats. The decrease in It,o) and increase in heart weight occurred with a similar time course. The increased action potential duration prolongs Ca2+ influx through L-type Ca2+ channels in the tumor-bearing animals; this may be important in cardiovascular adaptation.
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PMID:Decreased transient outward K+ current in ventricular myocytes from acromegalic rats. 200 Sep 88

A female patient suffering from a bronchial neuroendocrine tumor with unilateral left-sided carcinoid heart disease is reported. Repeated x-ray films of the chest showed a slowly growing lung tumor in the left lower lobe. The patient refused any diagnostic or therapeutic procedure to define the type of the tumor. During the follow-up of 24 years she developed severe mitral and moderate to severe aortic insufficiency, both invasively quantified by thermodilution techniques. During surgery for double valve replacement the patient died from left ventricular heart failure. Necropsy revealed the typical pattern of a bronchial neuroendocrine tumor without metastases. Examination of the heart disclosed the characteristic deposits of fibrous tissue on the cusps of both the mitral and the aortic valves whereas the right heart showed no abnormalities. Review of the literature suggests the unilateral left-sided carcinoid heart disease to be a very rare finding, its pathogenesis remains to be elucidated.
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PMID:Bronchial neuroendocrine (carcinoid) tumor causing unilateral left-sided carcinoid heart disease. 201 74

46-year-old male patient was born in Niigata Prefecture and thereafter lived in Tokyo. In late January 1985, he noticed swelling of the bilateral inguinal lymph-nodes followed by fever and lumbago. In February, he consulted a local doctor and hepatosplenomegaly, marked leukocytosis and renal dysfunction were pointed out and he was referred to our hospital on February 22nd. The clinical laboratory data on admission were as follows; WBC 23,200/microliter, serum-Ca 18.4 mg/dl, BUN 85.3 mg/dl, creatinine 5.4 mg/dl, antibody to ATLV x160. ATL was diagnosed by biopsy of lymph nodes and examinations of peripheral blood and bone marrow hemogram. Remission was achieved in March by the treatment with adriacin. Renal failure and hypercalcemia also improved. However his respiratory dysfunction gradually worsened. The chest radiographies++ showed pulmonary edema, although there was no clinical evidence of heart failure. When his condition became stable, TBLB was performed and revealed extensive deposition of calcium along alveolar septae, suggesting that pulmonary edema was induced by the metastatic calcification of the lung. After the second treatment for ATL, he died of pneumonia. The autopsy showed calcium deposition not only in the lung but in pyramids of the kidney and in sub-serous layer of the small intestine. There was no tumor cell invasion into the bone or parathyroid gland. High urinary c-AMP together with normal levels of PTH suggested that the hypercalcemia in this case was induced by PTH-related protein. It was concluded that careful treatment for hypercalcemia is important as regards the occurrence of pulmonary edema.
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PMID:[An autopsy case of adult T-cell leukemia complicated with metastatic calcification of the lung]. 204 Dec 50

Leiomyosarcomas are extremely rare primary cardiac tumours. A 46-year-old woman presenting with symptoms and signs of rapidly progressive left ventricular failure and apparent systemic lupus erythematosus was subsequently found to have a grade III/III left atrial leiomyosarcoma which was confirmed surgically. Pathology showed a cellular neoplasm arranged in fascicles with multinucleated giant cells, with areas of high grade sarcomatous change. The patient died seven months postoperatively with intractable heart failure. At autopsy, tumour infiltrated the pericardium, both atria and the right ventricle, with invasion of the diaphragm and posterior mediastinum. The current world literature is reviewed with respect to this rare and often misdiagnosed tumour.
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PMID:Leiomyosarcoma of the left atrium: case report and review of the literature. 207 Feb 89

The mitomycins are antitumor antibiotics that are under investigation now for more than 30 years. Mitomycin C (MMC) is the best investigated subtype. It serves as a prototype for drugs with bioreductive alkylation, which is a unique feature of this class. MMC is mainly active under anaerobic circumstances. The pharmacokinetics are linear in a two-compartment model. The main toxicities of MMC are thrombocytopenia and leucocytopenia. Rare but severe side effects are a hemolytic uremic syndrome, pneumonitis and cardiac failure. MMC has a wide clinical antitumor spectrum with efficacy in various tumor types such as gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, cervical cancer, prostate cancer and bladder cancer. Still, the above mentioned side effects prevent a more widespread use. The most important features of the drug will be reviewed.
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PMID:Mitomycin C: mechanism of action, usefulness and limitations. 213 Oct 38

Transgenic mice expressing atrial natriuretic factor-SV40 T-antigen fusion genes (ANF-TAG) developed cardiac tumors asymmetrically in the right atrium. Features associated with cardiac failure, including increased plasma creatine kinase activity (MM and MB) and ventricular dysrhythmias, also were associated with atrial tumor growth. These atrial tumors were able to grow at histocompatible sites (subcutaneously in syngeneic animals) for protracted periods of time yielding a series of transplantable atrial tumor lineages. The transplantable tumors displayed several cardiac-specific characteristics, such as endogenous electrical activity and expression of cardiac-specific proteins. These transplantable atrial tumors constitute a novel experimental resource for developing cell lines which display an adult cardiac phenotype.
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PMID:Cardiac tumors and dysrhythmias in transgenic mice. 215 Oct 59

Four operative cases of lung cancer with intra-atrial extension via the pulmonary vein were reviewed. Three of them had circulatory as well as respiratory symptoms, and their performance status (PS) was extremely poor. In two cases, after assessment of the cardiac involvement using two-dimensional echocardiography and/or CT-scan, we successfully removed the tumor en bloc through combined left atrial resection and radical left pneumonectomy with cardiopulmonary bypass. In both cases, the postoperative course was uneventful, and PS was improved. However, seven months later one patient died of widespread metastases, while the other is alive but has recurrence. The other two patients underwent ordinary lobectomy because there were no abnormal findings in the hilar examinations. However, the lumens of the resected pulmonary veins were filled with tumor tissue. One patient developed a massive embolism, never regained consciousness, and died on the second postoperative day. The last case was discharged without trouble, although the intra-atrial portion of the tumor dislodged intraoperatively into the circulation. As a result, he developed multiple brain metastases four months after the operation. There were no clear patterns in terms of the histological type or tumor location in these cases. On the other hand, all the tumors showed rapid growth and comprised a large mass in the lung parenchyma. Especially the cardiac and intravascular portions of each tumor were less differentiated and more necrotic than the primary focus in the lung. We conclude that radical surgery using a cardiopulmonary bypass for lung cancer patients with such intracardiac involvement is effective for improvement of PS and reduces the risk of sudden death due to cardiac failure or tumor emboli.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Unusual extension of lung cancer into the left atrium via the pulmonary vein. 215 80

Signet-ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is a rare disease. A 78-year-old man was admitted to our hospital on March 18, 1988 with the complaints of microhematuria and pollakisuria. Cystoscopic examination revealed non-papillary tumor at the dome of the bladder. partial cystectomy was done under epidural anesthesia. Pathological findings revealed signet-ring cell carcinoma. The gastrointestinal, respiratory and genitourinary tracts were examined but no other tumor lesions could be found. The postoperative course was uneventful, and chemotherapy such as biological response modifier was administered. However, the patient died of heart failure on July 14, 1988. This is the sixtieth case reported in the literature.
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PMID:[A case of signet-ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder]. 217 82

One of the early genes of polyomavirus, large T-antigen (PVLT), has been classified in vitro as an immortalizing gene. In order to determine the ability of PVLT to cause the formation of hyperplasia or tumors in vivo, we generated transgenic mice harboring the cDNA for PVLT linked to the heavy-metal responsive metallothionein-1 promoter (MT). The transgene was primarily expressed in testes and seminal vesicles, but expression was also detected in heart of a single transgenic line. The expression of the transgene in the heart of MT-PVLT line 8 mice was correlated with cardiomyopathy and atrial thrombus formation leading to premature death at approximately 160 days due to cardiac failure. The heart of affected animals was from 1.5 to 5.2 fold greater in weight and 2 fold greater in dimensions than normal nontransgenic mice. Affected hearts fell short of frank tumor phenotype and no macroscopic nor microscopic focal growth was found. Histologically the heart has a heterogenous cardiomyocyte population with markedly enlarged cells mixed with relatively normal cells. Both cell types express PVLT protein. The primary cell type affected is the cardiomyocyte however, as heart proportions are maintained, interstitial and non-myocyte cells must be affected either directly or indirectly. Expression of PVLT has upset normal strict control of cell growth in these hearts to result in a new model of congestive cardiomyopathy.
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PMID:Polyomavirus large T-antigen expression in heart of transgenic mice causes cardiomyopathy. 217 84

Fetal sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) is being recognized with increasing frequency. Placentomegaly and hydrops fetalis are preterminal events, and it has been suggested that fetal death may be due to high-output cardiac failure from arteriovenous shunting through the tumor. We had a chance to examine this hypothesis when a 21-week fetus presented with a huge sacrococcygeal teratoma. There were marked placentomegaly, cardiomegaly, hyperdynamic ventricles, and a pericardial effusion. Doppler studies showed tremendous flow through the SCT with extreme enlargement of the inferior vena cava, consistent with congestive heart failure from increased flow through the tumor. Hydrops developed, and the fetus was delivered because of placental abruption. This case provides supportive evidence that the teratoma acts as a large arteriovenous shunt, causing high-output cardiac failure. We have now collected 18 more cases of sacrococcygeal teratoma diagnosed in utero. Of the total 45 cases of fetal SCT, 9 had placentomegaly and/or fetal hydrops and all 9 fetuses died in utero or shortly after birth. We conclude that the only hope for survival in these severely affected fetuses is to reduce blood flow to the tumor before birth.
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PMID:Death due to high-output cardiac failure in fetal sacrococcygeal teratoma. 228 11


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