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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An instrumental and roentgenological examination was conducted in 164 patients who had survived myocardial infarction 1 to 10 years before the examination and having been free of any clinically manifest signs of congestive heart failure. The investigation included a study of the inotropic and pump function of the myocardium of the left ventricle, the electric and mechanical activity of the left atrium, the pulmonary haemodynamics under bicycle tests of growing power, and under identical conditions after premedication with cardiac glycosides (0.00036 mg/kg of body weight of Strophanthin K). Proceeding from the study of the readaptation of the circulation system and its transit to the initial stage of cardiac insufficiency the authors developed criteria of the onset of therapy for latent cardiac failure in patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis.
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PMID:[Initial stage of cardiac insufficiency as a complication of a past myocardial infarct]. 87 Jul 38

Animal experiments have proved that the earliest morphological manifestations of acute lesions of myocardial cells (at the optical microscopic level) are myofibrillar changes detectable by polarized-light microscopy. As basic types of myocardial cell lesions there can be distinguished segmental and subsegmental contractures, intracellular myocytolysis, and primary granular disintegration. These changes persist in animal myocardium for many hours and thus can be recognized at autopsy. The application of polarized-light microscopy makes possible a diagnosis of early stages of myocardial infarction, associated with lesions of myocardial cells appearing at the periphery of the ischaemic zone already within the first minutes, revelation of focal metabolic changes leading to acute heart failure, and diagnosis of ventricular fibrillation, characterized by subsegmental contractures of the subepicardial and subendocardial layers of the myocardium.
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PMID:Use of polarized-light microscopy in histological diagnostics of early stages of ischaemic and metabolic myocardial lesions. 87 97

Prospective follow-up studies of 277 patients with chronic bifascicular block showed that 30 patients developed sudden cardiac death (SCD). Cumulative one-, two-, and three-year SCD mortality was computed. The patients that developed SCD were compared with the remaining patients (209 alive and 38 dead). The groups were similar in regard to age, sex, AH, and HV intervals. The following were more frequent in the SCD group (P less than .05): angina, previous myocardial infarction, heart failure, cardiomegaly, left bundle-branch block, premature ventricular beats, and ventricular tachycardia. Ventricular fibrillation was the cause of death in four cases of SCD where terminal ECG documentation was available. We concluded that SCD is a major cause of mortality in patients with chronic bifascicular block. The association of SCD with coronary disease and ventricular dysrhythmia suggested ventricular fibrillation as a frequent mechanism.
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PMID:Sudden death in patients with chronic bifascicular block. 87 38

Results of a study into the myocardium function in 440 patients with ischemic heart and hypertensive diseases are presented. In the study poly-kineto-apex-cardiography, rheography of the aorta and lungs, ultrasonic cardiography at rest in 123 of 440 patients were used after veloergometric loading. The application of the mentioned methods in conjunction with the veloergometric test helped diagnose a latent cardiac insufficiency that proved most frequent among patients with myocardial infarction in their past history (84.5%) and among those suffering from hypertensive disease with prevalence of the cardiac syndrome. An inference is drawn on the need for a complex investigation of patients at the clinic and especially in the practice of the medical expert testimony on the work capacity.
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PMID:[Early diagnosis of cardiac insufficiency in patients with ischemic heart disease and hypertension in medical jurisprudence]. 89 94

Eighteen men with myocardial infarction in their history and without signs of heart failure were investigated at rest and during standard supine exercise. In nine patients aneurysma or diskinesis of the left ventricular wall were found. The left ventricular end-diastolic volume was determined from the wash-out of 133Xe injected into the left ventricle by means of precordial scintillation counting. During exercise the cardiac index rose owing to acceleration of the heart rate, whereas the stroke index remained unchanged, and the left ventricular work and stroke indices increased. The left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, elevated at rest, reached high values during exercise. The left ventricular end-diastolic and residual volumes decreased during exercise in most patients, and simultaneously the systolic ejection fraction increased. In patients with aneurysma or diskinesis the end-diastolic volume both at rest and during exercise does not differ from EDV of other patients. Six patients developed angina pectoris during exercise, but their haemodynamics did not differ significantly. It is concluded that the left ventricle in patients with advanced coronary heart disease and previous myocardial infarction shows the signs rather of diminished compliance than of heart failure during adequate exercise and still possesses some functional reserves.
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PMID:Left ventricular end-diastolic volume during supine exercise in patients with healed myocardial infarction. 90 91

To estimate the frequency of potentially life-threatening arrhythmias in myocardial infarction following transfer from the coronary care unit (CCU) and to identify features of the acute illness which predict such events, 66 patients were monitored on-line by means of a computer assisted system. Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) were detected following transfer from the CCU in 64 patients (97%). In 29 (44%) they fell in classes 2 to 4 of Lown. Accelerated ventricular rhythm was detected in five and ventricular tachycardia in three. The presence of these rhythm disturbances did not correlate with age, sex, infarct location, the occurrence of previous infarction, the level of serum cardiac enzymes, the presence of heart failure, atrial arrhythmias, heart block, or serious ventricular arrhythmia in the CCU. Use of procaine amide or quinidine for persistent ventricular arrhythmia in the CCU was correlated with detection of class 2, 3 or 4 PVCs. Thus, PVCs are nearly universal in the late phase of hospitalization for myocardial infarction. Frequent and complicated PVCs are common and occur most frequently in individuals in whom such events have been persistent in the CCU.
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PMID:Arrhythmias in the post CCU phase of myocardial infarction: their correlation with the acute illness. 91 33

Patients with myocardial infarction undergoing a multi-stage activation programme according to the WHO recommendations, consisting of five basic phases, can be mobilised about 85% of the time within the first 20 days of hospitalisation and about 55% of the time already in the second week after the attack. The average hospital stay is four weeks. In the hospital phase the early mobilised patients showed a decrease in early mortality and complications, e.g., reinfarction, heart rupture, development of aneurysm, cardiac insufficiency, thromboembolism, and heart arrhythmia, compared to 190 patients of the same age, who were under traditional bed rest and anticoagulation therapy. It is particularly interesting to note that patients under bed rest and anticoagulation therapy (risk group II B) far more often incurred complications than patients without cumulative risk factors (groups IA, IIA), and patients undergoing early rehabilitation (group I B).
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PMID:[Experiences with the early mobilisation of elderly patients with myocardial infarction (author's transl)]. 91 36

Fifty patients with acute extensive myocardial infarction, with unfavourable course, were continuously survelled from the beginning of the disease till the terminal stage with the aim to study the interdependences between changes in the sympatho-adrenal and kallikrein-kinin systems in blood. The blood levels of adrenaline and noradrenaline were determined fluorometrically. The activity of the kallikrein-kinin system was estimated on the basis of three components: spontaneous esterase activity, prekallikrein activity, and kallikrein inhibitor activity in blood. Within the first six hours all patients had significantly elevated adrenaline and increased activity of the kallikrein-kinin system in blood. At 24h before death and during the terminal stage, in patients with acute heart failure and those with cardiogenic shock the adrenaline level gradually rose, and in patients with myocardial rupture the noradrenaline level increased. The activity of the kallikrein-kinin system remained elevated throughout the follow-up period. The application of findings as diagnostic and prognostic criteria in myocardial infarction is suggested.
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PMID:Changes in sympatho-adrenal and kallikrein-kinin systems in the terminal stage of extensive myocardial infarction. 92 53

The records of 107 patients with displaced subcaptial hip fractures treated by Thompson's femoral head replacements have been reviewed to determine the mortality and certain aspects of systemic morbidity. Comparison was made with a group, matched exactly for age and sex, in which intertrochanteric fractures were treated by nail-plate fixation. The patients treated by Thompson's arthroplasty were further subdivided into two groups: one in which methylacrylic cement was used, and one in which it was not used. We found no difference in the mortality of the patients undergoing replacement arthroplasty and nail-plate fixation. Similarly there was no difference in the incidence of cerebrovascular incidents and myocardial infarction after operation. There was a higher incidence of transient cardiac failure following Thompson's arthroplasty. Hypotension during the operation occurred irrespective of whether cement was used; nor was the use of cement associated with increased mortality. However, it seems that methylacrylic cement does contribute to the cardiac failure that may occur after Thompson's arthroplasty.
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PMID:Systemic disturbance from Thompson's arthroplasty: a age-matched and sex-matched controlled retrospective survey. 92 48

Changes in the indices of central hemodynamics and contractility of the heart muscle in the acute period of macrofocal myocardial infarction were studied. In many cases heart ejection and performance of the left ventricle in the first 24 hours of the disease were greater than those in the control group of patients with ischemic heart disease in the period of remission. The increase coincided in time with sharp activation of the sympathico-adrenal and other systems of the organism in myocardial infarction, occurred on a background of deteriorated cardiac contractility, and ended by the third day of the acute period. Such changes in the first day of the disease were less manifest in the group of individuals in whom preceding cardiac failure had been more severe.
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PMID:[Certain characteristics of central hemodynamics in acute period of myocardial infarct]. 92 73


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