Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In an attempt to assess cardiac risk in non-cardiac surgery, 1001 patients over 40 years of age who underwent major operative procedures were examined preoperatively, observed through surgery, studied with at least one postoperative electrocardiogram, and followed until hospital discharge or death. Documented postoperative myocardial infarction occurred in only 18 patients; though most of these patients had some pre-existing heart disease, there were few preoperative factors which were statistically correlated with postoperative infarction. Postoperative pulmonary edema was strongly correlated with preoperative heart failure, but 21 of the 36 patients who developed pulmonary edema did not have any prior history of heart failure. Nearly all of these 21 patients were elderly, had abnormal preoperative electrocardiograms, and had intraabdominal or intrathoracic surgery. In the absence of an acute infarction, bifascicular conduction defects, with or without PR interval prolongation, never progressed to complete heart block. Spinal anesthesia protected against postoperative heart failure but not against other cardiac complication. By multivariate regression analysis, postoperative cardiac death was significantly correlated with (a) myocardial infarction in the previous 6 months; (b) third heart sound or jugular venous distention immediately preoperatively; (c) more than five premature ventricular contractions per minute documented at any time preoperatively; (d) rhythm other than sinus, or premature atrial contractions on preoperative electrocardiogram; (e) age over 70 years; (f) significant valvular aortic stenosis; (g) emergency operation; (h) a 33% or greater fall in systolic blood pressure for more than 10 minutes intraoperatively. Notably unimportant factors included smoking, glucose intolerance, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, peripheral atherosclerotic vascular disease, angina, and distant myocardial infarction.
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PMID:Cardiac risk factors and complications in non-cardiac surgery. 66 58

The incidence, circumstances, and mechanism of development of cardiac arrest in 786 patients with myocardial infarction treated at a coronary care unit within a five-year period were studied and clinical factors are analysed with respect to success of resuscitation. One or more episodes of cardiac arrest occurred in a total of 156 patients (19.8%). Of these, 25 (16.0%) were successfully resuscitated and 131 (84.0%) died. At the clinical ward where the patients had been transferred after the acute stage, cardiac arrest occurred in additional 22 patients, of whom two were successfully resuscitated. Thus, the total number of successfully resuscitated patients throughout the five-year period was twenty-seven. The results of resuscitation were poorer in elderly patients, in those with anterior infarction, and above all in patients with severe symptoms of mechanical heart failure. Anamnestic factors (chronic angina pectoris, previous myocardial infarction, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischaemic disease of the lower limbs) were not significantly associated with the results of resuscitation. Primary ventricular fibrillation was the principal mechanism of cardiac arrest in 24 of the 27 patients successfully resuscitated, and its total incidence in the investigated group was 3%. The prognosis of resuscitation in patients with primary ventricular fibrillation was very good, and in all of them the resuscitation was successful and permanent.
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PMID:Incidence of circulatory arrest in patients with acute myocardial infarction in coronary unit. Mechanism of their genesis and factors conditioning successful resuscitation. 67 95

Four Black South Africans presented with cardiac failure which was diagnosed as being due to cardiomyopathy. Necropsy examination revealed that all 4 patients had had severe coronary atheroma and myocardial infarction during life.
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PMID:Coronary heart disease diagnosed as cardiomyopathy in blacks. A report of four cases. 69 54

The influence of routine administration of the beta adrenoceptor blocking drug practolol on the outcome of acute myocardial infarction has been studied in 94 patients. The study was restricted to patients under the age of 70 experiencing their first myocardial infarction and in whom there was no contraindication to beta blockade. In the treated group an initial dose intravenous practolol 15 mg was followed by five oral doses of practolol 200 mg at 12 h intervals. A significant reduction in heart rate and systolic blood pressure was apparent in the treated group within 2 h. No difference was detectable in the course of the acute stage of the illness between treated and control patients, apart from a significant reduction in the incidence of atrial fibrillation among those receiving practolol. Patients with inferior infarctions showed a tendency to develop potentially harmful bradycardia and hypotension on receiving practolol which lead to withdrawal of the drug in many cases. At regular review over 7 mth no detectable difference emerged between the treated and control groups in the incidence of cardiac failure, death or reinfarction.
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PMID:Intravenous and oral practolol in the acute stages of myocardial infarction. 69 38

The clinical and pathological features in three cases of false aneurysm of the left ventricle are reported. In two instances the condition developed after myocardial infarction, and in the third case a mycotic pseudoaneurysm developed after purulent pericarditis. All three patients were in intractable heart failure before urgent operation. The correct diagnosis was established preoperatively by angiography. In all three cases the aneurysms were successfully resected and the left ventricle reconstructed. An aggressive surgical approach is warranted in the management of this lesion.
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PMID:False aneurysm of the left ventricle. Surgical treatment. 70 62

Eight patients in whom cardiac dysfunction developed within four weeks of receiving their first or second course of daunorubicin or doxorubicin are described. Four patients presented with pericarditis; three of these four had evidence of myocardial dysfunction. Histopathologic analysis of these patients was consistent with an acute myocyte damage and secondary inflammatory process. An additional group of four patients presented with symptoms and signs of heart failure. These patients were either elderly or had evidence of previous cardiac disease. One of these patients suffered a myocardial infarction 24 hours after receiving 60 mg/m2 of daunorubicin; earlier doses in the same course had been associated with evidence of myocardial ischemia. We conclude that anthracycline antibiotics may manifest clinically significant cardiotoxicity at total cumulative doses much less than have been associated with chronic cardiomyopathy.
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PMID:Early anthracycline cardiotoxicity. 70 41

519 patients with angina pectoris studied by selective coronary arteriography and left ventriculogram, were followed for a period ranging from 18 months to 7 years. The mean follow-up was 42.2 months. The patients showed a survival probability of 81% at the 7th year. After 5 years the survival probability was 83.2% for patients with typical stable angina, 70.3% for patients with unstable angina, 96.7% for patients with atypical angina. The survival probability was 78.8% for the male sex and 94.6% for the female (at the 5th year). Age, a long-lasting angina, the presence of: previous infarction, myocardial failure, cigarette smoking, hyperlipidemia, cardiomegaly and an ischemic resting EKG were factors with poor prognostic value. The prognostic value of significant coronary stenosis was confirmed. The survival probability at the 5th year of the patients without critical stenosis was 96.6%, of patients with stenosis of 1, 2 and 3 main coronary arteries was respectively: 87.6%, 79% 54.7%. Significative prognostic differences were observed in patients with normal left ventricle kinesia (survival probability at the 5th year: 90%), compared with patients with severe VS ipokinesia (62.7%) and with VS diskinesia (69%). In the follow-up period an incidence of 9% of myocardial infarctions was observed. The degree of each stenosis and the number of vessels involved, the type of angina, the presence of risk factors or previous myocardial infarction did not affect the clinical evolution of angina.
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PMID:[Natural history of angina pectoris: follow-up on 519 unoperated patients (author's transl)]. 71 Jul 62

We investigated the prognosis of 153 hypertensive patients, whose initial concentration of serum uric acid had been evaluated. One hundred and seventeen subjects could be followed up after 4 years and 16 of them died during the follow-up period. Cerebrovascular disease was seen in 6 subjects, 4 of whom died from the disease. Myocardial infarction and heart failure occurred in 9 and 7 of them died as a result. The frequency of these diseases was greater among the hyperuricemic group and 8 of the 11 who died belonged to this group. Four men were struck by gouty attacks. They were all hyperuricemic and had been proven to have at least one family member with asymptomatic hyperuricemia and/or gout. It is reasonable to regard the presence of hyperuricemia as one of the poor risk factors for vascular diseases. I addition, we must investigate more closely personal and family histories of gout when we see hyperuricemic subjects, regardless of absence of gouty symptoms.
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PMID:Hyperuricemia associated with hypertension. A 4-year follow-up study of hyperuricemic hypertensives. 71 25

The short- and long-term results of provisional pacemaker therapy in fresh myocardial infarction have been investigated. In this cardiac unit in the period 1975--1977 provisional pacemakers were implanted in 48 patients due to severe conduction disturbance or sinus node syndrome with non-tolerated heart failure. 16 patients had bifascicular block (11 anterior, 3 diaphragmatic, and 2 non-localizable infarctions): in 9 (56%) of them, progression to complete AV block occurred. 27 patients exhibited AV block of 2nd to 3rd degree without evidence of fascicular blockades (21 diaphragmatic, 3 anterior, and 3 non-localizable infarctions). In 5 patients, sinus node dysfunction was the reason for pacemaker implantation. Hospital mortality in the group was 31.2% and thus was twice as high as the hospital mortality in all patients hospitalized in this unit with myocardial infarction during the same period (16.5%). The hospital mortality in patients with anterior infarction was 57.2% compared with a mortality of 16.7% in patients with diaphragmatic infarction. Late mortality (18 months after myocardial infarction) in the group was 46.8%. None of the patients with diaphragmatic infarction died during this observation period. In the patient group with anterior infarction, the mortality rose to 85.8%. Of the 14 patients who died in hospital, death in 12 was due to severe heart failure: neither bradycardic nor tachycardic arrhythmias were immediate factors in death. At autopsy, all patients exhibited severe coronary sclerosis with extensive myocardial infarction. Only 2 patients died from arrhythmia (atrial fibrillation/asystole). In 6 of the 34 survivors, a definitive pacemaker was implanted. 3 of these patients died in the first year after the myocardial infarction. Death was sudden in all three.
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PMID:[Long-term prognosis of pacemaker therapy in acute myocardial infarct with arrhythmias]. 71 16

The case is presented of a 27-year old male with typical Reiter's sundrome (RS) and cardiac lesions. Eight months after the initial onset of the joint and mucosal symptoms, atrial fibrillation and signs of cardiac failure suddenly supervened. Rheumatic fever, hyperthyroidism and myocardial infarction were ruled out. Digitalization and Valsalva maneuvers produced a return to normal sinus rhythm. At the same time a diastolic murmur was heard and the diastolic pressure fell to 40 mm Hg, suggesting acute aortic insufficiency. This carditis was attributed to RS. The evolution was favourable, although a mild degree of aortic insufficiency persisted.
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PMID:[Auricular fibrillation and acute aortic insufficienncy in Reiter's syndrome]. 71 26


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