Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The first oral converting enzyme inhibitor, Captopril, has been used to treat hypertension and cardiac failure since 1978. Based on this two year experience, we studied the side-effects of this drug in 64 patients, a privileged series as it included 32 hypertensive patients with chronic renal failure and 32 patients with cardiac failure and normal renal function. After 16 months of treatment, we observed 19 p. 100 of skin complaints, 17 p. 100 disturbance of taste, 6 p. 100 oral problems, and one case of orthostatic hypotension. From the biological point of view: 20 p. 100 eosinophilia, 10 p. 100 hyperkalemia, 5 p. 100 antinuclear antibodies, 2 p. 100 renal failure, and one case of agranulocytosis. The group with renal failure had many more side effects due to a relative dosage (corrected for weight and renal function) which was three times as great. It would therefore appear to be essential to adapt the dosage in each individual case, a task which we have attempted using a formula which considerably reduced the incidence of side effects in our series: (formula; see text)
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PMID:[Side effects induced by captopril. Comparison of a series of hypertensive patients with renal failure and a series with cardiac failure]. 622

Results of using the method of sequential ultrafiltration with hemodialysis and that of hemodiafiltration in the treatment of 70 patients with acute and chronic renal failure in terminal states are described. The patients were under observation in the course of 202 procedures of hemodiafiltration and 175 sequential ultrafiltration with hemodialysis. Apart from this, 21 procedures of isolated ultrafiltration were carried out in patients with pronounced cardiac failure, irreversible pulmonary edema resulting from acute myocardial infarction and heart diseases. Sequential ultrafiltration and hemodialysis were performed by means of home-produced equipment SGD using Cuprofan dialysis film and capillary dialyzators. The volume of ultrafiltration ranged from 1 to 8 litres/procedure at a rate of 17-500 ml/min, at a transmembrane pressure 100-400 mmHg. It was found that sequential ultrafiltration with hemodialysis was indicated for patients in terminal states complicated by renal failure in the presence of severe fluid retention, pulmonary edema, patients with low tolerance to hemodiafiltration, and those in critical states (including irreversible pulmonary edema) of cardiological genesis.
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PMID:Resuscitation aspects of ultrafiltration and haemodialysis. 630 96

Echocardiographic assessment of cardiac function was made on 24 children with chronic renal failure of varying etiology and severity. In 20 patients without evidence of cardiac failure, parameters of left ventricular performance as represented by PEP/LVET and mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening were within normal limits in the majority of patients. In addition, ejection fraction and shortening fraction were, in most children, within the 95% confidence limits for their age. In 4 patients who presented with congestive heart failure, marked left ventricular dilatation was noted in association with decreased shortening and ejection fractions and depressed mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening. Also the PEP/LVET in these patients suggested the presence of a uremic cardiomyopathic condition. These studies, in addition to our own studies on children who have undergone fistula construction, hemodialysis, and transplantation, suggest that cardiac performance, in the majority of pediatric patients with end-stage renal disease, is well maintained and that the major factor involved in reducing exercise tolerance is the presence of uremic anemia. Only a minority of patients may develop severe uremic heart disease.
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PMID:Echocardiographic assessment of cardiac function in children with chronic renal failure. 658 80

On the basis of their own experience and data from the literature, the authors warn against the simultaneous administration of diuretic agents and non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Apart from the drastic reduction in the natriuretic effects of some diuretics, this association may lead to acute non-oliguric renal failure in patients with one of the following predisposing factors: volemic depletion, effective circulating volume (cardiac insufficiency, liver cirrhosis), preexisting nephropathy (lupus erythematosus, chronic renal failure), or borderline renal function (geriatric patients, diabetics).
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PMID:[Non-steroid anti-inflammatory agents, diuretics and kidney function: a warning]. 662 43

Chronic renal failure is found in different stages, from the fully compensated stage until the terminal form of uremia. Complications like metabolic acidosis and hyperkalemia as well as renal hypertension with following cardiac insufficiency are influencing the prognosis. If conservative therapy is of no avail any more renal grafting is besides dialysis an additional treatment not sufficiently used in our country.
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PMID:[Problems in chronic renal insufficiency]. 701

One thousand two hundred and thirty-five haemodialyses have been performed on 92 patients with renal failure. The mean number of dialyses per patient was 13.42 and the survival rate was 60.9%. One hundred and six arteriovenous shunts (98 of arm, 7 of ankle, and one of groin) were created. Three arteriovenous fistulae of arm were created in 2 patients with chronic renal failure. All the operations were performed under local or regional block anaesthesia. The mean shunt complications were clotting (27.4%), bleeding (17.9%) and infection (13.2%). The complications associated with the fistulae were non-function, heart failure, infection, aneurysmal dilatation and bleeding. One death from heart failure was attributable to arteriovenous fistula. It is recommended that patients with renal failure requiring haemodialysis in developing countries should have shunts or fistulae created under regional anaesthesia to avoid the problems of general anaesthesia in uraemic patients.
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PMID:Vascular access for haemodialysis for renal failure in a developing country. 711 69

Using Inokuchi's vascular stapler, arteriovenous fistulas with an end-to-end fashion for hemodialysis were constructed in 80 patients (82 limbs) with chronic renal failure. In 76 patients and 76 limbs (95%) of a total of 80 patients, the fistulas were patent and hemodialysis could be effectively carried out. Use of Inokuchi's vascular stapler facilitated a rapid construction of subcutaneous end-to-end arteriovenous fistulas, and no particular training in vascular surgery was required for the operator. Since the anastomosis was constructed in an end-to-end fashion, complications such as swollen hand, peripheral steal syndrome and cardiac failure were nil.
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PMID:Construction of internal arteriovenous fistulas for hemodialysis using Inokuchi's vascular stapler. 712 Jul 5

Therapy of chronic renal failure requires individual management in diet and vigorous treatment of disorders of fluid and electrolyte metabolism and renal acidosis. Concomitant diseases such as renal hypertension, arrhythmia, cardiac insufficiency, pulmonary complications, gastrointestinal disorders, renal anaemia, affection of central nervous system, disturbance in glucose, uric acid and lipid metabolism and infections, demand careful medication Selection of drugs and doses related to impaired renal functions, is indicated.
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PMID:[Therapy in chronic renal insufficiency (author's transl)]. 724 18

A case of metastatic myocardial calcification is reported in a patient with chronic renal failure. The characteristic features are failure to take phosphate-binding antacids on a regular basis, intractable congestive heart failure, atrioventricular block, a calcium phosphate product consistently greater than 60, and sudden irreversible cardia arrest. Arteriovenous fistulae created for haemodialysis appear to be an unlikely cause of cardiac failure.
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PMID:Metastatic myocardial calcification. 724 27

The cardiac function in Hegglin syndrome (HS; prolonged QT interval and shortened QS2) remains unclear. In order to estimate cardiac function of HS, left ventricular echocardiographic parameters and systolic time intervals (STI) were analyzed, and compared with those of normal subjects (N) (n = 20). Forty-six patients (pts) of HS are constituted of 23 pts with chronic renal failure, 7 with cardiomyopathy, 5 with ischemic heart disease, 5 with essential hypertension, 4 with acquired valvular disease, 1 with effusive pericarditis and 1 with Romano-Ward syndrome. Corrected preejection period (PEPc) and PEP/ET were significantly larger (0.15 +/- 0.02 vs 0.13 +/- 0.01, p less than 0.001; 0.48 +/- 0.13 vs 0.35 +/- 0.04, p less than 0.001, respectively) in HS. Corrected ejection time (ETc) was significantly smaller (0.37 +/- 0.02 vs 0.41 +/- 0.01, p less than 0.001) in HS. Mitral EF slope (DDR), ejection fraction (EF), and mean ventricular circumferential fiber shortening (mVCF) were significantly decreased (58 +/- 29 vs 92 +/- 25, p less than 0.001; 0.52 +/- 0.15 vs 0.62 +/- 0.07; p less than 0.005; 0.98 +/- 0.33 vs 1.18 +/- 0.20; p less than 0.05, respectively) in HS, but cardiac index (C.I.) did not differ. Thus, patients with Hegglin syndrome showed heart failure pattern in STI and hypodynamic cardiac function in echocardiographic parameters, and our data suggest that hypodynamic cardiac function of HS is caused by both lowered pump function and decreased myocardial contractility.
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PMID:[Systolic time intervals and echocardiographic parameters in Hegglin syndrome (author's transl)]. 732 May 60


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