Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Anthracycline derivatives may produce early or late cardiotoxic reactions in man. Early effects include: (a) pericarditis-myocarditis which can affect patients with no previous history of cardiac disease and which carries a high mortality rate ( approximately 20%); (b) left ventricular dysfunction which may lead to clinically significant heart failure in patients with limited cardiac reserve; and (c) arrhythmias, the most common of which is sinus tachycardia. Symptomatic supraventriclar tachycardia, heart block, and ventricular arrhythmias can occur, however, and may reflect primary effects on cardiac muscle or the conduction system. Late effects of anthracyclines are directly related to the degree of associated myocyte damage and include subclinical left ventricular dysfunction and overt heart failure. The implications for prognosis and further treatment are discussed for each of these entities and a common pathogenetic mechanism is proposed.
 ...
PMID:Clinical spectrum of anthracycline antibiotic cardiotoxicity. 66 61

The effect of permanent pacing on chronic complete atrioventricular block complicated by cardiac failure was studied in 6 patients by measurement of indirect left atrial pressure 15 minutes after institution of pacing and again 3 to 12 months later. In addition, 21 patients with complete heart block and clinical plus radiological evidence of cardiac failure at the time of pacing 3 to 6 years earlier were also reviewed. Only 1 of 6 patients studied haemodynamically improved and 1 died in cardiac failure. Of 21 patients assessed clinically, 10 had improved and 8 had died after a mean follow-up of 53 months. In the absence of syncope, pacing was of little symptomatic benefit but still may be justified to prolong survival. Both studies indicated a particularly poor prognosis for patients known to have coronary artery disease. No reliable means were found of determining the prognosis in the individual patient with cardiac failure before pacing.
 ...
PMID:Value of pacing in cardiac failure associated with chronic atrioventricular block. 68 87

The results of surgical and non-surgical treatment of active infective endocarditis in 182 patients over a 10-year period were analyzed. Heart failure, annular and myocardial abscesses, heart block, and coronary embolism, seen most frequently with staphylococcal and fungal endocarditis, were the primary causes of death in both native valve endocarditis (NVE) and prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE). In NVE, surgery significantly improved the survival in patients with moderate or severe heart failure (P less than 0.05) and in all patients with staphylococcal endocarditis (P less than 0.03). In PVE, surgery significantly influenced survival in patients with moderate or severe heart failure (P less than 0.05) and in the entire group with late PVE (P less than 0.01). Early surgery is recommended for patients with native valve endocarditis and moderate or severe heart failure; those patients with staphylococcal NVE, regardless of hemodynamic state, should undergo early valve replacement. Early surgery is recommended for PVE patients with moderate or severe heart failure. We also recommend early valve replacement for early and late staphylococcal PVE.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of infective endocarditis: a 10-year comparative analysis. 68 67

Cardiac involvement by systemic sarcoidosis is well known, but occurs rarely. It usually manifests as either heart block, heart failure due to direct myocardial involvement, or cor pulmonale. We present the case of a patient with cardiac sarcoidosis who had ventricular tachycardia and congestive heart failure. Although there was other organ system involvement, the cardiac manifestation was the first to become clinically apparent. Therapy consisted of quinidine sulfate to control the arrhythmias and chronic diuretic therapy to control congestive heart failure. Steroid therapy was initially associated with recurrence of the ventricular tachycardia and was discontinued. It was reinstituted 18 months later when other organ system involvement developed with no recurrence of the ventricular tachyarrhythmia. The patient responded well to therapy and is currently doing well. This case is presented to illustrate a somewhat unusual, but nevertheless important, etiology of ventricular tachyarrhythmias. The recognition of underlying sarcoidosis is critical because of the propensity for other organ system involvement by this disease process.
 ...
PMID:Ventricular tachyarrhythmia due to cardiac sarcoidosis in a child. 70 4

The effect of intermediate coronary care, with and without ECG monitoring, was compared with general medical ward care on the basis of mortality, resuscitation, and detection and treatment of arrhythmias from days 3 to 14 after admission in 2,095 cases of acute coronary heart disease. Mortality was significantly reduced (P less than .02), and number of successful resuscitations for ventricular fibrillation was increased (P less than .05) but only in the unit with monitoring. Number of arrhythmias detected was significantly increased, particularly incidence of ventricular ectopics and heart block (P less than .02). Number of arrhythmias corrected to sinus rhythm was increased, but not significantly. Death from pulmonary embolism fell (P less than .01). Review of causes of death and autopsies showed an increased proportion of deaths due to intractable heart failure and cardiogenic shock. Not only specially trained nurses, but also ECG monitoring, were necessary to obtain the benefits of this treatment.
 ...
PMID:An assessment of intermediate coronary care. 71 43

Between 1972 and 1977, a permanent pacemaker has been implanted in 9 children for complete heart block, after repair of a congenital heart disease. Children's age ranged between 2 1/2 years and 13 years (mean age 8 years). The block had been caused by the operation in 8 children and was pre-existent in the last one. A permanent pacemaker was not implanted in another four children with postoperative complete heart block. In seven cases the pacemaker was implanted in the subclavear zone and connected to a transvenous electrode; in the remaining two cases the pacemaker was positioned subcutaneously in the abdomen and connected to an epicardial electrode. VVI-type pacemaker have always been used. Three children died after implantation because of chronic cardiac failure complicated, in one case, by surrhenalic insufficiency. In two cases the pacemaker was replaced because of battery exhaustion, as suggested by routine controls; in five cases, wire breakage occurred and it was replaced together with the pacemaker. In another case transvenous electrode displacement occurred; skin infection at pacemaker site occurred only once. No skin breakdown at pacemaker site has ever occurred, or any problem due to excessive pacemaker dimensions. Reappearance of normal synus rhythm was noted in one patient. No complication has been reported so far for the cases with postoperative complete heart block not treated with cardiac pacing.
 ...
PMID:[Permanent pacemaker implantation in children after open heart cardiac surgery (author's transl)]. 75 59

1. Study of a group of 50 patients suspected to have coronary artery disease. This is a complement to a previous study concerning "definite" coronary patients. 2. The method followed consisted in cross-examination of the files by three observers in order to separate the subjects who seemed really affected by coronary artery disease. This treble examination led to a rather restrictive selection. To facilitate the study, the patients were subdivided into 4 groups: patients with arterial hypertension, with diabetes mellitus, with cardiac failure, with a heart disease and miscellaneous patients. 3. The study of the 20 files which were discarded was peculiarly interesting as it provided the opportunity to underline the differential diagnosis either with common diseases (left ventricular overload, heart block, brain vascular accident), or with more specific diseases for Black Africa (endomyocardial fibrosis, aneurysm of the left ventricle, cardiomyopathy). In that respect, it is underlined that, in the absence of any anatomical or functional disease, the electrocardiogram of the healthy Black is identical to that of the White. 4. Study of the 30 patients considered as coronary made it possible to underline aetiological and epidemiological factors, although some are still lacking. However the facts observed could be compared with those reported in a previous work concerning 45 "definite" coronary patients. The overall documents thus gathered in 75 patients suggest that the African candidate to coronary artery diseases resembles his Occidental homologue, but that he might have kept a traditional diet.
 ...
PMID:[Coronary diseases in the black African. Apropos of a 2d group of 50 patients. Diagnostic and epidemiological aspects]. 80 91

Serial measurements of heart rate and oxygen uptake were obtained before and during maximal upright graded bicycle stress testing in 16 patients, 10 to 77 years old (mean 46 years), with sinus node dysfunction; five had permanent and two had temporary demand ventricular pacemakers. In 15 patients, including those with pacemakers, maximal exercise was performed before and after the intravenous administration of 1 mg atropine. Maximal exercise was terminated because of cerebral symptoms in seven (three had effort-induced tachyarrhythmias and one had autonomic insufficiency), fatigue in five (one had effort-induced heart block), heart failure in three and angina pectoris in one. With maximal exercise, patients with sinus node dysfunction were unable to obtain maximal heart rates or oxygen uptakes comparable to age- and sex-matched control subjects. Additionally, maximal oxygen uptake did not differ significantly between patients with or without pacemakers even when ventricular pacing rates were increased (two instances). The administration of atropine increased the resting heart rate, but the maximal heart rate and oxygen uptake achieved during maximal exercise did not differ significantly from those obtained before the administration of atropine in the patient and control groups. Physically active patients with sinus node dysfunction have diminished exercise capacity due in part to cardiac arrhythmia, latent or overt cardiac failure, or autonomic dysfunction.
 ...
PMID:Graded exercise testing in patients with sinus node dysfunction. 84 52

To estimate the frequency of potentially life-threatening arrhythmias in myocardial infarction following transfer from the coronary care unit (CCU) and to identify features of the acute illness which predict such events, 66 patients were monitored on-line by means of a computer assisted system. Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) were detected following transfer from the CCU in 64 patients (97%). In 29 (44%) they fell in classes 2 to 4 of Lown. Accelerated ventricular rhythm was detected in five and ventricular tachycardia in three. The presence of these rhythm disturbances did not correlate with age, sex, infarct location, the occurrence of previous infarction, the level of serum cardiac enzymes, the presence of heart failure, atrial arrhythmias, heart block, or serious ventricular arrhythmia in the CCU. Use of procaine amide or quinidine for persistent ventricular arrhythmia in the CCU was correlated with detection of class 2, 3 or 4 PVCs. Thus, PVCs are nearly universal in the late phase of hospitalization for myocardial infarction. Frequent and complicated PVCs are common and occur most frequently in individuals in whom such events have been persistent in the CCU.
 ...
PMID:Arrhythmias in the post CCU phase of myocardial infarction: their correlation with the acute illness. 91 33

To characterize an unusual, sex-linked recessive neuromuscular disease, we studied two families with 37 males who had involvement of distal leg and proximal arm muscle groups. Electromyography and muscle biopsy in five subjects showed features of both neuropathy and myopathy. Bradycardia and syncope in 15 involved subjects were associated with early death (before the age of 50 years). Electrocardiograms in 15 others showed a spectrum of atrial abnormalities that ranged from abnormal P waves to permanent atrial paralysis and from first-degree atrioventricular block to complete heart block. No patient exhibited clinical muscle disease without electrocardiographic atrial disease. Dilated, hypertrophied left ventricles with normal indexes of function were found in three cases with permanent atrial paralysis and chronic junctional bradycardia. Cardiomegaly and cardiac failure were not present in the other cases. We conclude that permanent ventricular pacing (instituted four patients) is indicated in many of these patients to prevent serious sequelae.
 ...
PMID:Cardiac features of an unusual X-linked humeroperoneal neuromuscular disease. 117 8


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>