Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, Kawasaki disease, is a potentially fatal pediatric disease characterized by prolonged high fever, conjunctivitis, stomatitis. myocarditis, aseptic meningitis and coronary artery vasculitis. We present peritonsillar abscess as a previously unreported otolaryngologic symptom and presentation of Kawasaki disease. A previously healthy 7-year-old boy required hospitalization for a peritonsillar abscess. Despite adequate surgical drainage and appropriate intravenous antibiotics, the patients' systemic symptoms persisted. After the week of hospitalization, the child was transferred to the intensive care unit with acute myocarditis, heart failure and severe arthritis. The diagnosis of Kawasaki disease was confirmed with echocardiographic evidence of coronary artery aneurysms and the development of the characteristic hand and foot desquamation. The patient's symptoms resolved with salicylates and intravenous gamma globulin therapy. He was discharged in good condition after 3 weeks of hospitalization. This is the first report of Kawasaki syndrome presenting with peritonsillar abscess. Although we discuss a unique presentation of this disease. Kawasaki syndrome often exhibits other otolaryngologic findings early in its course. A literature review of the clinical characteristics, pathogenesis and therapy of this disease is presented.
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PMID:Peritonsillar abscess in Kawasaki disease. 226 96

Kawasaki disease is a mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome with important cardiovascular complications that usually afflicts young children. We describe a 31-year-old woman who developed transient heart failure during the acute phase of Kawasaki disease. The diagnosis was supported by the presence of all six criteria of the disease: fever, conjunctivitis, strawberry tongue, cervical lymphadenopathies, truncal exanthem, and periungual membranous desquamation. Related clinical and laboratory findings included heart failure, arthralgias, transverse nail grooves, thrombocytosis, and elevated serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), and bilirubin. Alternative diagnoses were excluded. During her acute febrile illness, the patient developed tachycardia, hypotension, pulmonary rales, S3 gallop, and hepatojugular reflux. The chest roentgenogram showed new Kerley A and B lines. A first-pass isotopic ventriculography showed diffuse hypokinesia and decreased ventricular ejection fractions; spontaneous recovery occurred after a few days. A coronarography performed two months later showed no aneurysmal dilatation. Kawasaki disease is a cause, albeit rare, of myocardial dysfunction in the adult human, and should be sought for actively in a patient with heart failure during the course of an acute febrile illness, associated with mucocutaneous changes.
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PMID:Transient heart failure in an adult with Kawasaki disease. 394 47

Kawasaki disease (KD), first described in Japan in 1967 by Dr. Tomisaku Kawasaki, is an acute multi system vasculitis of infancy and early childhood characterised by high fever, rash, conjunctivitis, inflammation of the mucous membranes, erythematous induration of the hands and feet and cervical lymphadenopathy. Synonyms for Kawasaki disease include "Kawasaki syndrome" and "mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome" (MCLS, MLNS, MCLNS). Kawasaki disease was initially presumed to occur only in Japan; but now this disease is known in the whole world. The first cases in the United States were reported in Hawaii in 1976. In poland 5 cases were recognized, and first time described in 1981. The etiology of Kawasaki disease remains unknown. Toxic, allergic and immunologic causes have been suspected, but most investigators favor an infectious cause or an immune response to an infectious agent. Among classes of microorganism suspected of causing Kawasaki disease were bacteria, leptospires, fungi, rickettsiae and a number of viruses. Recently, there has been considerable interest in the possibility, that Kawasaki disease is caused by RETROVIRUSES. Although the disease is generally benign and self-limited, about 20% of children develop coronary artery aneurysms. In 5% of cases, giant aneurysm/more then 8 mm/develop, predisposing the patient to acute coronary artery thrombosis, myocardial infarction and sudden death. This is the most serious complication of KD. Other manifestations of hearth involvement, include pericarditis, myocarditis, myocardial failure and mitral regurgitation. Besides this many other clinical findings are commonly noted in KD; such as: pneumonia, diarrhea, arthritis, aseptic meningitis, otitis media, obstructive jaundice, hydrops of gallbladder and others.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Kawasaki disease]. 754 22

The objective of this study was to describe the health problems of a group dementia patients on admission and during residence in a Dutch nursing home and to compare these with figures of patients of 75 years and over from general practice. In 890 nursing home patients suffering from dementia prevalence of health problems on admission and the incidence during the residence were classified by means of the ICHPPC-2-defined. The differences between men and women were studied as was the influence of the season on the incidence during the stay. Results were compared with figures of patients of seventy five year and over from the continuous morbidity registration (CMR) from 'Nijmegen'. The most frequently occurring health problems on admission were: varicose veins of legs, acquired deformation of the spine, presbyacusis, hypertension, arthrosis, COPD, cerebrovascular disorders, heart murmur, cataract and chronic ischemic heart disease. During the residence the following health problems were frequently diagnosed: urinary tract infection, side effect of medicine, constipation, pneumonia, pressure sore, feeding problem, contusion, heart failure, cold and conjunctivitis. There were clear differences between men and women. Especially the incidence of intercurrent diseases showed great differences from the patterns in general practice. Prevalence of health problems on admission to the nursing home home agreed mor with figures from general practice. Respiratory tract infections frequently occurred in winter and urinary tract infections, pressure sores and conjunctivitis seemed to occur more in the summer. Nursing home patients with dementia have a lot of chronic and intercurrent health problems. They differ clearly from patients in general practice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Incidence and prevalence of health problems in a group of nursing home patients with dementia. A comparison with family practice]. 780 16

Bernardo O'Higgins was a very apprehensive individual regarding his health and ailments. This fact is clearly reflected in his letters, that provide valuable anamnestic data. During his youth, while living is Spain, he suffered of yellow fever and later in Chile, he probably had an acute phase of a rheumatic fever. Since his adolescence, he was affected by a chronic hlepharo-conjunctivitis. During the Chilean independence revolution, he suffered several battle wounds. The most severe was a shot that affected both his right arm and elbow (1818). While living in Peru (1823-1842) he suffered of dysentery and malaria. The latter was an endemic disease in the valleys of Peru. Being previously asymptomatic, he started experiencing extensional dyspnea, angor pectoris and syncopal episodes in 1840. At that time, physicians diagnosed a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Analyzing his symptoms and taking into account their short term evolution, the author concludes that they were a consequence of either an aortic stenosis or coronary insufficiency. These led him to a heart failure that was his immediate cause of death in 1842.
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PMID:[A medical history of Bernardo O'Higgins (1778-1842)]. 1066 97

Breynia officinalis has the Chinese proprietary name, Chi R Yun, which means dizziness or vertigo for 7 d. In daily practice, it has been used to treat venereal diseases, contusion, heart failure, growth retardation and conjunctivitis in combination with other traditional Chinese medicines. Two hospital-based cases of Breynia officinalis poisoning have been reported to the Poison Control Center. Case 1 was a 43-y-old female who consumed a mixture of 1500 g lower stem and root of Ji Mu Ju in boiled water in a suicide attempt. Her AST reached 264 and ALT reached 2443. Case 2 was a 51-y-old female who consumed 20 pieces of lower stem and root of Ji Mu Ju stewed with meat and 100 ml of wine to treat chronic contact dermatitis. Her AST reached 3815 and ALT reached 6625. In both cases Breynia officinalis was identified as the cause of poisoning. Poisoning in humans involves the neurologic, gastrointestinal, hepatic, urinary and respiratory systems. Hepatotoxic effects have been reported for some Chinese herbal medicines, but not Breynia officinalis: Breynia officinalis poisoning causes hepatocellular liver injury rather than cholestatic liver injury.
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PMID:Hepatotoxicity caused by Breynia officinalis. 1193 10

Dear Editor, An 83-year-old woman developed yellow-brownish infiltrates, nodules, and tumors mimicking xanthomas, mostly involving the periorbital and chest area within three months (Figure 1). She had no abnormalities in serum cholesterol or triglycerides levels. A detailed laboratory analysis revealed the presence of mild monoclonal gammopathy with a presence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) kappa light chains; however, according to hematologist consultation, it did not require medical intervention. Imaging assessment and ultrasound examination did not show any specific involvement of internal organs. The skin biopsy demonstrated necrobiotic areas alternated with foci of xanthogranulomatous infiltration throughout the reticular dermis with extension into subcutaneous tissue. The granulomatous infiltrate was composed of epithelioid, foamy histiocytes in addition to conspicuous giant cells of the Touton type and foreign body type, as well as variable numbers of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and neutrophiles. Lipid vacuoles were seen within the foci of necrobiosis and xanthogranulomatous infiltration (Figure 2). Two months after first admission to our department, the first signs of necrosis within the lesions were noted, and massive necrosis of skin lesions occurred after the following 5 months (Figure 1). Based on the clinical manifestation and histological and laboratory findings, the diagnosis of necrobiotic xanthogranuloma (NXG) was established. In our patient, the extremely late onset of the disease, its very aggressive course, and the absence of malignant hematological disorder were remarkable. The general condition improved after local treatment and a low dose of prednisone. However, patient anamnesis revealed myocardial infarction in the past, congestive heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. Eventually, the patient died due to acute heart failure before alkylating agents could be administered; we consider the patient's death to have been unrelated to NXG. NXG is a rare, chronic granulomatous disorder which was first described in 1980 by Kossard and Winkelmann (1). Currently, less than one hundred fifty cases of this syndrome have been reported in the literature worldwide (2,3). The disease occurs during adulthood, slightly more frequently in women, and usually after the age of 60 years, although the youngest reported patient was 17 years old (3). The disease initially manifests as xanthoma-like eruptions of yellowish or red-orange papules and nodules that coalesce into indurated plaques (4). The size of the lesions typically increases over time or with the next recurrences. In comparison to hyperlipemic and normolipemic xanthomas, the lesions are firmer, more prominent, and more polymorphic (3) with superficial telangiectasias, sometimes erythematous and/or violaceous borders, and atrophy (5). Ulcerations of the lesions were observed in about 50% of patients and tended to be extensive and progressive (4). Skin lesions of NXG can occur anywhere on the body. However, about two-thirds of patients had periorbital involvement, particularly on the upper and/or lower eyelids or elsewhere on the face. The second most commonly affected site was the trunk, predominantly the chest (3-6). However, many skin lesions first appear on the trunk or extremities and subsequently involve the periorbital area (4). More than one body area was affected in about 90% of the published cases (3,4). In individual cases, the occurrence of NXG was noted within scars, after trauma, or in a previously X-ray irradiated area (5). Lesions may be asymptomatic; however, over half of patients asked reported various symptoms, predominantly itching but also burning, tenderness, and even pain (4,5). Periorbital skin lesions are often accompanied by ophthalmic manifestations, mainly scleritis, choroiditis, or conjunctivitis (3), and with complications such as blepharoptosis, restricted ocular motility, and proptosis (4,5). Extracutaneous lesions are most commonly seen in the respiratory tract, including the lungs and larynx, followed by the myocardium, oral cavity, skeletal muscles, kidneys, ovaries, intestine, and other sites (5,6). Extracutaneous involvement was reported in less than 20% of cases (3), but its frequency seems to have increased in recent years (5). Regarding laboratory abnormalities, the majority of patients with NXG (70% and up to 90% depending on the studied population) have a monoclonal gammopathy (more often IgG-kappa than IgG-lambda). Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, anemia, leukopenia, low C1 and C4 levels, and cryoglobulinemia are also frequently present (3-6). Incisional biopsy is recommended to confirm the diagnosis of NXG, but correlations between the clinical presentation and specific histopathologic findings have been poorly characterized so far. The histopathology shows an inflammatory infiltrate composed of macrophages, foam cells, plasma cells, and other inflammatory cells as well as Touton and foreign body-type giant cells in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Necrobiosis is usually present, and nodular lymphoid aggregates are common. Cholesterol clefts or asteroid bodies are rare or absent. The epidermis may be atrophic or normal. Special stains are not helpful in establishing the diagnosis of NXG, but immunohistochemistry for CD68 is positive while it is always for CD1a and PS100 negative, like in non-X histiocytosis (4,5). In patients without a known myeloproliferative disorder, bone marrow biopsy may reveal atypical or increased plasma cells and, very rarely, true multiple myeloma (5). As mentioned above, NXG can be a manifestation of multiple myeloma. However, chronic lymphocyte leukemia, B-cell lymphoma, and other lymphoproliferative diseases have also been reported in patients with NXG (3). Remarkably, hematological disorders may emerge many years before or after the onset of skin lesions (even up to 11 years) (4). According to available literature data, the course of the disease is usually chronic and slowly progressive, and the prognosis is relatively good in the absence of co-occurrence of malignant hematological disorders ([5-7). Aside from hyperlipemic and normolipemic xanthomas, the differential diagnosis of NXG includes multifocal necrobiosis lipoidica, granuloma annulare, foreign-body granuloma, juvenile xanthogranuloma, rheumatoid nodules, and amyloidosis (4). In 5 cases from the literature, xanthoma and NXG were present at the same time (3). Despite several hypotheses, the etiopathogenesis of NXG remains unknown (3,4,8). For that reason and due to the rarity of the disease, the optimal therapy has not been not defined. Frequently, chlorambucil or melphalan have been used alone or in combination with prednisone (4). Treatment may result in remission of symptoms on the skin, but it does not provide a permanent cure (8). There are also single reports of the successful use of thalidomide, lenalidomide, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone, interferon 2a and 2b, plasmapheresis and hydroxychloroquine, azathioprine, infliximab, and autologous bone marrow transplantation (3). Methotrexate seems to be ineffective (9). Local therapy, including local steroids, laser CO2, or radiotherapy, results in partial improvement (3,4). Skin lesions which relapsed or were unresponsive to treatment could be excised surgically and the defects resurfaced with skin grafts. [2].
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PMID:Xanthoma-like Skin Changes in an Elderly Woman with a Normal Lipid Profile. 2887 36

Zika virus infection affects more than 80 countries in the world, mainly those with a tropical climate. Although the most frequent clinical presentation is characterized by rash, conjunctivitis, myalgia, arthralgia and fever, in some cases it is associated with cardiovascular manifestations, such as myocarditis, pericarditis, heart failure and arrhythmias. Furthermore, maternal transmission of the virus generates congenital Zika syndrome, which is associated with cardiac septal defects. Early recognition and treatment of Zika's cardiovascular complications are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality in these patients. There is no specific antiviral treatment or vaccine in humans, so the development of public health strategies to prevent its transmission is of paramount importance. The "Neglected Tropical Diseases and other Infectious Diseases" (NET-Heart project) is an initiative to systematically review all these devastating endemic conditions affecting the heart to spread knowledge and propose algorithms for early diagnosis and treatment.
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PMID:Zika & heart: A systematic review. 3322 Apr 38