Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Acute cerebral infarction of 141 cases with treatment combining TCM and WM was reported. The significant effective rate and the effective rate were 65% and 84% in the LT group (low molecular dextran + TCM) respectively; in the LN group (low molecular dextran + Nicotinic acid) were 29% and 41% respectively; in the T group (Salvia miltiorrhiza + Astragalus + Puraria) were 40% and 81.8% respectively. Among them the therapeutic effect in the LT group was the best. The LT group was also superior to the other two groups in serious cases. Cerebral edema developed following cerebrovascular dilator in a week after cerebral infarction; in the early stage, the therapeutic effect could be improved by giving mannitol first and then cerebrovascular dilator. Heart failure could be easily induced by low molecular dextran in the cerebral infarction following rheumatic heart disease. The therapeutic effect was poor in those cases with recurrent cerebral infarction.
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PMID:[Cerebral infarction in 141 cases treated by traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine]. 248 38

Since hypertension is an important risk factor for atherosclerosis, it is logical to assume that treatment to lower blood pressure will prevent atherosclerosis. However, the relationship between hypertension and atherosclerosis is indirect and complex. Drugs that lower pressure will prevent heart failure and arteriolar complications such as renal failure or strokes caused by lacunar infarction or brain haemorrhage due to rupture of microaneurysms. However, there is little evidence that atherosclerotic complications can be reduced by lowering pressure. It is important to understand the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and its complications, which are related to lipoproteins and arterial flow disturbances, in order to develop an approach to selecting those antihypertensive drugs which may prevent atherosclerotic complications related not only to initiation and progression of atherosclerotic plaques, but to the embolisation of platelet clumps or atherosclerotic debris, or events such as intraplaque haemorrhages, that lead to myocardial or cerebral infarction. Antihypertensive drugs have different effects on lipoproteins and on arterial flow disturbances that may have important implications for prevention. Alpha-blockers and drugs with beta 2 agonist activity have beneficial effects on lipoprotein profiles, ACE inhibitors and calcium channel antagonists have some anti-atherosclerotic effects in animal models, while beta-blockers have beneficial effects on flow disturbances and are anti-atherosclerotic in animal models and man. Future studies to determine how to prevent atherosclerotic complications in hypertensive patients will require methods for noninvasive measurement of atherosclerosis.
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PMID:Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and its complications: effects of antihypertensive drugs. 269 95

Among 409 cases of bacterial endocarditis (BE) observed from 1972 to 1985, 142 were caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Of these 142 cases, 59 affected native valves of the left heart (left BE), 47 affected native valves of the right heart (right BE) (including 36 drug-addicts), and 36 involved prosthetic valves (BEP) and were associated with mediastinitis in 11 cases. Symptoms were acute in 122 cases and subacute in 2 cases. 91 of the BE on native valves were primary (86%). Cutaneous manifestations were present in 38 cases (27%). Of the 67 patients who died (47%), 28/59 had left BE (47%), 7/47 had right BE (15%) (including 2 drug addicts) and 32/36 had BEP (86%); all differences were statistically significant. Complications consisted of: heart failure in 78 cases (55%), including 40 cases of left BE, 8 cases of right BE and 30 cases of BEP; systemic peripheral embolism in 29 cases (left BE 17, BEP 12) and neurological accidents in 58 cases (left BE 34, right BE 24). Thirty of these accidents occurred before the 4th day (left BE 13, BEP 17). Documented neurological accidents included cerebral haemorrhage (13 cases), cerebral infarction (14 cases) and cerebral abscess (4 cases); 4 of the 12 patients who underwent arteriography were found to have one or several aneurysms. Thirty-nine of these 58 patients died, death being directly due to a neurological cause in 20 cases (left BE 10, right BE 10).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis]. 312 Jun 65

The impact of diabetes was prospectively studied during a 5-year period in 428 unselected and consecutive patients with acute cerebrovascular disease of whom 18% were diabetic. Cerebral infarction was more frequent in diabetics (81 vs 70%, p less than 0.02) whereas transient cerebral ischaemia was less frequent (4 vs 14%, p less than 0.01). Case fatality rate during hospitalization was higher in the diabetic than in the non-diabetic patients (28 vs 15%, p less than 0.02). Patients who died during hospitalization, diabetic as well as non-diabetic, had significantly higher blood glucose concentrations on admission compared with patients who survived. Hematocrit values were higher in the diabetic than in the non-diabetic patients (p less than 0.02). Diabetics had higher systolic blood pressure levels than the non-diabetics in the acute phase (p less than 0.005). The diabetic stroke patients more often had a history of hypertension, atrial fibrillation, heart failure and angina pectoris than non-diabetics stroke patients and diabetic control patients without stroke. Stroke patients, not known to be diabetic, had larger mean oral glucose tolerance test curve areas when compared with healthy controls but not when compared with hospitalized controls. We propose that diabetes increases the risk for stroke through other concurrent risk factors, cardiac disorders in particular.
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PMID:Clinical characteristics in diabetic stroke patients. 339 27

Risk factors of death for a population of 409 patients with well-defined cerebrovascular disease (patients with subarachnoidal hemorrhage excluded) admitted to the Stroke Unit were studied with the aid of the life table technique, log rank test, and multivariate analysis with BMDP's program for regression on the survival curves with Cox's proportional hazard model. The estimated proportion of survivors was 77% after three months, 69% after one year, and 32% after five years. Patients with intracerebral hemorrhage and embolic cerebral infarction had the worst outcome. Impaired consciousness on admission was the most important risk factor of death followed by high age, previous cardiac failure, diabetes mellitus and male sex.
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PMID:Determinants of long-term mortality after stroke. 360 51

A third case of meningocerebral angiodysplasia involving the cerebral cortex, with necrosis of both cortex and white matter is described in a neonate with Potter's syndrome. It is suggested that cortical vessel anomalies act as a local intracerebral shunt to produce periventricular infarction. This disorder differs from pure meningeal angiectasis without cerebral infarction and from the classic arteriovenous malformation of the central nervous system with massive systemic shunt, cardiomegaly, and neonatal cardiac failure. Meningocerebral angiodysplasia and renal agenesis appear to form a rare but distinct association.
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PMID:Diffuse meningocerebral angiodysplasia and renal agenesis: a case report. 382 29

Seven neonates with arteriovenous malformation of the vein of Galen are described. Six presented with cyanotic heart failure. Two cases had antenatal cerebral infarction, five periventricular leukomalacia, and three recent haemorrhagic infarction. Cerebral damage due to the malformation suggests that surgical correction of the arteriovenous malformation offers little to neonates, though after the neonatal period individuals can be cured by operation.
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PMID:Cerebral damage in neonates resulting from arteriovenous malformation of the vein of Galen. 482 30

Neurological assessments were done regularly during hospitalization in 283 consecutive patients (mean age 73 yr) with acute cerebrovascular disease treated at the Stroke Unit of Serafimerlasarettet. A preplanned investigation program and strict criteria for diagnosis and treatment were followed. Hospital mortality was 18%. Patients with a major cerebral infarction or haemorrhage often died very early during the hospital period and deaths due to complications increased significantly during the second week. Multivariate analysis regarding mortality showed that a low neurological score and heart failure were the most important factors for the short-term prognosis. In those patients with cerebral infarction, ambulatory capacity and ECG-diagnosed bundle branch block added significantly to the prognostic power of the neurological score. Among the 227 patients discharged alive, 1 and 2-yr mortality was 14 and 18% respectively. Here, the most important long-term prognostic factors were age and ST changes on the ECG. Again, considering only patients with cerebral infarction (N = 190), bundle branch block was found to be the single most useful predictive factor. Prognostication in acute ischemic stroke should thus be based not only on neurological findings but on careful evaluation of associated cardiac disease, especially in the long-term perspective.
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PMID:Prognosis in acute stroke with special reference to some cardiac factors. 682 92

We collected data from 30 autopsied cases, in which the heart weight were 800 g or more (maximum 1,300 g), at the Osaka Medical Examiner's office, for past 10 years. Among these cases, the cause of death was cardiac failure in 17 cases (56.7%), followed by pulmonary diseases (3 cases, 10.0%), cerebral infarction (3 cases, 10.0%), and aortic rupture (2 cases, 6.6%). The mean weight of the giant hearts was 880 g (about 77% of the cases) and 4 cases (13%) had 1,000 g or more. The mean height of the giant heart victims was close to the standard level, and thus the mean level of the ratio of heart weight to height were about 2.5 times higher than the standard levels. The liver weights were also greater by 500-1,000 g than the standard levels.
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PMID:Autopsy cases of giant heart during the past ten years in Osaka (1985-1994). 756 46

Over the last 5 years, 15 patients received ventricular assist devices (VADs) (Group 1) and 5 received percutaneous cardiopulmonary support (CPS) (Group 2) while in postoperative cardiogenic shock. Group 1 consisted of 8 men and 7 women ranging in age from 22 to 73 years (average age, 55 years). Nine of these patients underwent surgery for valve replacement, 5 for coronary artery bypass grafting, and 1 for closure of a ventricular septal rupture. The duration of VAD support ranged from 6 h to 9 days (mean, 3.9 days). Group 2 consisted of 4 men and 1 woman ranging in age from 49 to 68 years (average age, 57 years). One of these patients underwent surgery for valve replacement, 1 for coronary artery bypass grafting, 2 for replacement of a thoracic aneurysm, and 1 for left ventricular aneurysmectomy. The duration of CPS ranged from 4 h to 8 days (mean, 2.8 days). In Group 1, 13 patients were weaned from the VADs and 8 survived. Bleeding occurred in 5 patients, renal failure in 4, infection in 3, cardiac failure in 4, cerebral infarction in 1, perioperative myocardial infarction in 1, arrhythmia in 1, and ileus in 1. In Group 2, 4 patients were weaned from the CPS and 3 survived. Bleeding occurred in 3 patients, renal failure in 2, CNS injury in 2, and cardiopulmonary failure in 1. The 8 survivors in Group 1 have been followed for 2 to 56 months (mean, 28.7 months). Five patients were in NYHA class I, 2 were in class II and 1 was in class III.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Results of circulatory support for postoperative cardiogenic shock. 799 88


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