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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Systemic hemodynamic changes and noradrenaline concentrations in coronary sinus blood were studied at rest and during work before and after acute beta-receptor blockade. Patients with congestive cardiomyopathy were compared to patients with primary valvular diseases and to healthy subjects. Noradrenaline concentrations were higher in coronary sinus blood than in arterial blood and increased after beta blockade and during work. Noradrenaline concentrations were more increased in patients with more pronounced myocardial failure and did not seem to separate patients with congestive cardiomyopathy from those with valvular disease. Patients with congestive cardiomyopathy showed a good hemodynamic tolerance toward acute beta blockade.
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PMID:Effects of work and acute beta-receptor blockade on myocardial noradrenaline release in congestive cardiomyopathy. 4 91

The pattern of heart disease in 404 patients seen prospectively from the guinea savanna region of Africa is presented. Over 90% presented with cardiac failure. Hypertension, Peripartal Cardiac Failure (PPCF), Congestive Cardiomyopathy and Rheumatic Heart Disease are major problems. The highest incidence of PPCF in the world probably occurs in this area but the prognosis is good. The reasons for this and the possible interrelationship of hypertension with cardiomyopathy and PPCF are discussed. In contrast to the tropical rainforests, no case of endomyocardial fibrosis was seen. During the period of study, vascular thrombosis is uncommon and coronary heart disease is non-existent in Zaria.
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PMID:Pattern of heart disease in adults of the Nigerian Savanna: a prospective clinical study. 9 46

The haemodynamic effects of a single dose of between 0.15 and 0.25 mg/kg hydralazine were studied during cardiac catheterisation of 9 patients with primary congestive cardiomyopathy and heart failure. The systemic arterial resistances decreased (--1 370 +/- 400 dynes/s.cm-5/m2, p less than 0.05); the reduction of pulmonary arterial resistances was less marked (--420 +/- 400 dynes/s.cm-5/m2, p less than 0.05). Intraaortic pressure was reduced (--16 +/- 12 mmHg, p less than 0.02) as was average pulmonary arterial (--4.2 +/- 4,2 mmHg, p less than 0.05) and left ventricular end diastolic pressures (--4.2 +/- 3.0 mmHg, p less than 0,02). Systolic index increased in all cases (+13 +/- 5 ml/syst/m2, p less than 0.001). Heart rate was unchanged. This was due to the improvement of left ventricular function by the reduced impedence. These results confirm the place of hydralazine in the treatment of certain forms of heart failure.
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PMID:[Hemodynamic effects of hydralazine in the cardiac insufficiency of non-obstructive myocardiopathy]. 11 38

A retrospective study of adult congestive cardiomyopathy was carried out; the admission criteria being heart failure with cardiomegaly after the exclusion of known causes of heart failure. Coronary artery disease was excluded by forming two sub groups, one with proven normal coronary arteries at angiography or autopsy and the other with only assumedly normal coronary arteries. The results concern the study of the incidence of this disease which has been regularly seen over the last 10 years in departments with a large number of referrals of cardiomyopathy. --Professional factors are analysed to see if there is a higher incidence amongst the working classes. --Other factors are analysed by comparison with three control groups: normal, coronary and valvular disease, and diabetes which may be a predisposing factor, but not the serum cholesterol which is decreased in these patients. There is a significant association with smoking and alcoholism and the main biological sign of the latter condition, macrocytosis. This is also found in both coronary sub groups. The isolation of this alcohol factor in the genesis of congestive cardiomyopathy implies the possibility of reversing or stabilising the myocardial damage after its withdrawal, so changing the severe diagnosis associated with this disease.
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PMID:[Multicenter epidemiological survey of primary myocardiopathies. Apropos of 380 cases]. 12 Jan 46

Alcoholic cardiomyopathy is a consequence of toxic effects of ethyl alcohol. Acute effects must be distinguished from chronic effects over many years. Chronic abuse of alcohol of 1.5-2 g ethyl alcohol per kg body weight (i.e. about 100-150 g/70 kg) per day for years can cause congestive cardiomyopathy in predisposed persons, usually between 30 and 50 years of age. The diagnosis is associated with some criteria for exclusion, i.e. coronary heart disease, hypertension, valvular heart disease, in addition all obstructive and restrictive cardiomyopathy must be excluded. On the other hand, a specific constellation of findings can be considered characteristic of alcoholic cardiomyopathy, namely the coincidence of a radiologically established cardiomegaly in the form of a congestive cardiomyopathy with a raised serum concentration of immunoglobulin A and a negative myocardial immunofluorescence test. Therapeutically, in addition to the classical principles of the treatment of heart failure, absolute abstention from alcohol and physical stress seemed to be effective.
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PMID:[Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy (author's transl)]. 13 Dec 48

Five uraemic patients who developed progressive cardiac failure with clinical evidence of congestive cardiomyopathy at the start or during haemodialysis treatment were studied. The diagnosis of cardiomyopathy, for which there was no apparent cause, was confirmed by angiocardiographic and haemodynamic studies. These showed a significant increase in left ventricular end-diastolic volume over normal values obtained in 12 patients without uraemia. The mean velocity of myocardial fibre shortening was significantly decreased, as was the index of normalised rigidity. Three of the five patients presented the complete picture of the disease. The other two also had considerable ventricular dilatation and a decreased index of normalised rigidity but normal ejection fraction and only moderately decreased myocardial contractility indices. This suggests that there may be primary involvement of normalised heart muscle rigidity followed by secondary changes in myocardial contractility in uraemic patients with congestive cardiomyopathy.
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PMID:Congestive cardiomyopathy in uraemic patients on long term haemodialysis. 13 69

Scanning electron microscopic examination of the myocardium in cardiomyopathies is a valuable complementary method beside light and transmissionelectron microscopy for the differential diagnosis of this rare disease. In two cases of congestive cardiomyopathy no marked alterations of the myocardial architecture could be found whereas in one case of nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy myocardial cell alterations and structure disorders could be demonstrated in an almost stereologic view. The pathogenesis of heart failure in this disease was clearly shown. Similar changes were not observed in hearts without cardiomyopathy or in other forms of cardiac hypertrophy.
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PMID:Morphologic differential diagnosis of idiopathic cardiomyopathies. 14 82

Eight patients with congestive cardiomyopathy were examined at autopsy. All showed significant mural thrombi. The majority had repeated pulmonary and peripheral emboli. Cardiac catheterization was considered helpful in the diagnosis. Anticogaulation may be worthwhile in addition to the routine therapy for cardiomyopathic heart failure.
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PMID:Primary congestive cardiomyopathy. Hemodynamic and autopsy findings. 14 31

Twenty-one chronic haemodialysis patients with cardiomegaly and repeated episodes of heart failure were selected for left ventricular cineangiography and haemodynamic studies. Left ventricular end-diastolic (LVED) volume was augmented in eleven, LVED pressure increased in fourteen, and ejection fraction decreased in nine patients. A decrease of maximum velocity of myocardial fibre shortening was observed in fifteen, and of normalised ventricular rigidity index in eleven. Many patients had diminished cardiac performance in the absence of demonstrable coronary heart disease, hypertension, or chronic volume overload. The diagnosis of congestive cardiomyopathy of unknown aetiology, possibly related to uraemia, was reached in ten patients.
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PMID:Angiocardiographic and haemodynamic studies in chronic haemodialysis patients with cardiomegaly. 16 2

Left ventricular performance was studied in 23 young patients with severe chronic anemia due to beta-thalassemia major and intermedia. The patients were divided into three groups according to the number of blood transfusions they had received. The left ventricle (LV) was enlarged in patients who had not received blood and larger still in patients who had received multiple transfusions. Echocardiography and systolic time interval measurements showed that systolic function of the LV was good in all the patients and that there was no statistical difference in systolic function in patients who had and those who had not received multiple transfusions. Heart rate was increased in the latter group. Stroke index and cardiac index were high, especially in patients in Group 3. The diastolic closure rate (EF slope) of the anterior mitral leaflet and its amplitude of movement were increased, but less so in Group 3; this may reflect an alteration in diastolic LV distensibility. The results indicate that despite the presence of cardiomegaly and severe clinical congestive heart failure, LV performance is well preserved in patients with beta-thalassemia, even in those who have received repeated blood transfusions. Clinical cardiac failure is the consequence of volume overload and abnormal chamber compliance. There was no evidence in this of a congestive cardiomyopathy.
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PMID:Left ventricular function in beta-thalassemia and the effect of multiple transfusions. 16 23


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