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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a case of invasive thymoma presenting with superior vena caval obstruction and intracardiac extension. A 74-year-old man was admitted in July 2002 with swelling of the face and right upper extremity. Computed tomography of the chest revealed a small anterior mediastinal mass, which infiltrated the lumen of the superior vena cava extending into the right atrium. Invasive thymoma was strongly suspected, but he refused any medical treatment. His health declined steadily, with repeated right-sided heart failure. He died due to cardiac tamponade 50 months after his first visit. On autopsy, the tumor was diagnosed as a thymoma classified as type B3 according to the WHO histological classification. Formation of a tumor thrombus in the superior vena cava and the right atrium is a rare mode of extension of thymoma. In this respect, our case may be valuable for improving the understanding of the natural course of invasive thymoma.
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PMID:[An autopsy case of invasive thymoma extending to the right atrium with superior vena cava syndrome as the initial manifestation]. 1818 50

A case of influenza A myopericarditis is presented in a patient with cardiac tamponade and immunomediated cardiac failure. Myocarditis is a rare and potentially lethal complication of infection with influenza A, and may manifest with a wide spectrum of cardiac involvement, from mild myocarditis to cardiogenic shock. Even with full supportive therapy, mortality is significant, and normalization of left ventricular function may occur in up to 50% of cases. In the present report, previous literature regarding cardiac involvement following influenza A infection is reviewed, and potential immunological mechanisms involved in the progression of the cardiomyopathy following influenza A infection are discussed. Cardiovascular involvement in influenza infection should be considered in all patients presenting with hemodynamic compromise.
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PMID:Cardiac tamponade and heart failure as a presentation of influenza. 1865 Oct 9

A 61-year-old white female, a Jehovah's Witness, with severe pulmonary hypertension, presented with worsening heart failure symptoms. She had a pericardial effusion with left ventricular (LV) diastolic collapse on transthoracic echocardiography. She was not a candidate for surgical pericardial window and therefore underwent pericardiocentesis and percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy with remarkable improvement in her clinical condition and with no recurrence of the effusion. LV diastolic collapse, an atypical presentation of cardiac tamponade, is commonly seen in postoperative patients with localized pericardial effusions. However, outside the surgical setting, isolated LV diastolic collapse is rare. Our case is one of the first cases described in the literature of LV diastolic collapse in the setting of severe pulmonary hypertension treated successfully with pericardiocentesis and percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy.
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PMID:Left ventricular collapse secondary to pericardial effusion treated with pericardicentesis and percutaneous pericardiotomy in severe pulmonary hypertension. 1865 10

Cardiac tamponade is a rare manifestation of systemic sclerosis. We report a man with diffuse systemic sclerosis with a hemorrhagic pericardial effusion who developed cardiac tamponade. He was treated successfully with corticosteroids, subtotal pericardectomy, and methotrexate. While pericardial effusion is common in patients with systemic sclerosis, the development of cardiac tamponade is rare. Cardiac tamponade has been described in patients with diffuse and with limited systemic sclerosis. A literature review uncovered a total of 18 reported cases of cardiac tamponade in patients with systemic sclerosis. An analysis of the patients reported showed no statistically significant differences in the age at presentation or the average duration of disease between men and women who developed cardiac tamponade. Of patients reported, 26% died. Prolonged survival, however, has been associated with more chronic sclero-derma and aggressive treatment with invasive management and corticosteroids. Patients like ours, who are taking anticoagulants, should be screened for the presence of pericardial effusions. The presence of cardiac tamponade should be considered in patients with systemic sclerosis who develop new cardiac failure or compromise.
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PMID:Cardiac tamponade in systemic sclerosis: a case report and review of 18 reported cases. 1907 47

A 5-year-old Holstein cow, pregnant with a valuable calf, was presented with signs of heart failure (tachycardia, peripheral edema, and distended jugular veins) related to pericardial lymphoma and associated cardiac tamponade. In addition, pleural effusion was present in both hemithoraces. Medical treatment, which consisted of repeated pericardiocenteses, placement of indwelling pleural catheters, administration of intravenous fluid therapy, antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs, was ineffective in controlling recurrence of clinical signs despite a temporary improvement. A standing thoracoscopic pericardiotomy was performed in an attempt to reduce clinical signs of heart failure and to prolong life. Clinical signs of heart failure abated and no recurrence was seen. Standing thoracoscopic pericardiotomy along with possible corticosteroids can be recommended as palliative treatment in an effort to extend life for reproductive performance in genetically valuable animals.
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PMID:Thoracoscopic pericardiotomy as a palliative treatment in a cow with pericardial lymphoma. 1908 39

Non-penetrating cardiac traumatisms can cause cardiac rupture, myocardial contusion or, rarely, commotio cordis. In cases of rupture of a cardiac cavity, acute and severe cardiac tamponade almost invariably occurs. This paper presents an exceptionally unusual case of non-penetrating cardiac trauma resulting in right atrium rupture contained by the pericardial cavity. A situation of exceptional hemodynamic balance was established with subacute, progressive cardiac tamponade that evolved during three months, presenting gradual right-heart failure instead of the expected acute and severe cardiac tamponade. The rupture of the atrium was successfully repaired.
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PMID:Right atrium traumatic rupture presenting as chronic tamponade. 1960 68

A 9-year-old apparently healthy male African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) was found dead in its enclosure at the De Wildt Cheetah and Wildlife Centre. Necropsy revealed a pericardium distended by approximately 250 ml of thick blood. A soft, red, lobulated mass was attached to the periaortic fat between the level of the aortic valves and the pericardial reflection. Histologically, the mass was consistent with a haemangiosarcoma. Other findings in the heart included mild to moderate ventricular hypertrophy and moderate, acute perivascular myocardial necrosis. Sudden death was attributed to acute heart failure precipitated by cardiac tamponade.
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PMID:Periaortic haemangiosarcoma in an African wild dog (Lycaon pictus). 1983 Dec 74

Cyclophosphamide is used for liver cancer, breast cancer and multiple myeloma, and the pretreatment of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. A medium to high dose of cyclophosphamide is known to cause irreversible heart failure in some cases, and recently cardiac tamponade and pericarditis have been reported to occur when cyclophosphamide is administered for the pretreatment of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. To test whether cyclophosphamide itself induces cellular toxicity, we investigated a toxic effect of cyclophosphamide, acrolein, a metabolite of cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin, which is known to have cardiac toxicity, in the H9c2 cell line and the isolated Langendorff-perfused rat hearts. Cyclophosphamide itself did not have a toxic effect, whereas the toxicity of acrolein is 1, 000 times higher than that of doxorubicin in the H9c2 cell line. Acrolein, but not cyclophosphamide, reduced the left ventricular developed pressure and heart rate, and increased the left ventricular end diastolic pressure. These results suggest that the cardiac toxicity of cyclophosphamide may be caused by acrolein, one of its metabolites. Cyclophosphamide is known to cause hemorrhagic cystitis, and uromitexan was shown not to protect against the cardiac toxicity of cyclophosphamide. Development of new cardioprotective compounds is needed to administer CPA more safely.
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PMID:[Analysis of cardiac toxicity caused by cyclophosphamide in the H9c2 cell line and isolated and perfused rat hearts]. 2041 25

Hepatic myelolipoma incarcerated in a peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia was diagnosed in an 11-year-old, desexed female Persian cat. The cat was initially referred for investigation of tachypnoea and dyspnoea. Peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia is a common incidental finding in cats and is usually asymptomatic. Myelolipoma is an extremely rare benign tumour, composed of extramedullary haematopoietic cells and adipose tissue. Myelolipomas are hypothesised to result from metaplastic alteration, rather than a neoplastic process, although this theory cannot be substantiated. The present case is only the fourth report of such an unusual occurrence in cats and displays significant differences to previous reports. Hepatic entrapment and burgeoning of the mass within the pericardial sac resulted in cardiac tamponade and overt signs of right-sided cardiac failure. Surgical intervention was successful and despite concerns regarding the cat's clinical presentation and the gross appearance of the lesion(s), a good long-term outcome is anticipated.
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PMID:Hepatic myelolipoma incarcerated in a peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia in a cat. 2055 72

Pericardial effusion from any cause may lead to decreased cardiac output and blood pressure, causing heart failure and reduced renal blood flow. Although pericardial effusion is not uncommon, it is usually not associated with hemodynamic compromise unless the effusion causes cardiac tamponade. Acute renal failure resulting from pericardial effusion is surprisingly rare, with only six cases described to date. We describe the first case known to us of pericardial effusion without tamponade causing acute anuric renal failure. The case was characterized initially by non-specific symptoms and signs; anuria dominated the clinical picture, and was completely reversed after pericardiocentesis.
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PMID:Acute renal failure as the presenting symptom of pericardial effusion. 2146 4


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