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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chronically critically ill patients who develop acute respiratory failure commonly have complicating cardiac pathology that may or may not be evident at initial evaluation. The acute coronary syndromes should be excluded in all patients presenting with respiratory failure. Cardiac rhythm disturbances are common and should be actively investigated and treated in all critically ill patients. Heart failure is common in the chronically critically ill patient but usually responds to early diagnosis and prompt treatment. Finally, cardiogenic shock carries a poor prognosis in most patient subsets except when it is caused by cardiac tamponade. The intensivist must be vigilant for cardiac pathology complicating the recovery of patients with acute respiratory illness and initiate the search for correctable problems that may precipitate further episodes of respiratory insufficiency.
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PMID:Cardiologic problems in the post acute ventilated patient. 1131 55

Reports of aortic regurgitation due to rupture of the aortic valve commissures are rare. Prompt surgical intervention is necessary, as the condition results in rapid, progressive heart failure and subsequent death. We report the case of a 78-year-old man who presented with aortic laceration and cardiac tamponade that was probably induced by prolapse of the bicuspid aortic valve. We speculate that prompt initial surgery may have prevented aortic laceration and cardiac tamponade in this patient. Thus, in order to optimize clinical outcome, clinicians must consider early, precautionary surgical management in patients who have sudden cardiac failure due to aortic regurgitation associated with prolapse of the bicuspid aortic valve.
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PMID:Aortic laceration due to prolapse of the bicuspid aortic valve: case report. 1138 Jan 2

Pericardial effusion is a common sequel to cardiac surgery. Urgent pericardiocentesis is required in the case of cardiac tamponade. In adult patients, most pericardiocentesis is accomplished using transthoracic echocardiographic imaging. However, transthoracic echocardiographic imaging may interfere with the procedure field in children. We report the case of a 13-month-old boy who developed cardiac tamponade resulting in heart failure after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Urgent pericardiocentesis was safely performed at the bedside under transesophageal echocardiographic guidance. Transesophageal echocardiographic monitoring during pericardiocentesis in children has the advantages of better imaging of pericardial effusion without procedure-field interference.
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PMID:Bedside pericardiocentesis under the guidance of transesophageal echocardiography in a 13-month-old boy. 1169 78

The clinical and laboratory findings of eight (20%) cases of cardiac involvement of 39 patients with sepsis caused by S. aureus (Staphylococcus aureus) were reviewed retrospectively. Our purpose was to emphasize the importance of the cardiac findings in patients with sepsis caused by S. aureus in childhood. The ages of the patients ranged from 6 to 14 years. All patients had pericardial effusion which was confirmed by echocardiographic (ECHO) examination in all cases except the one in whom ECHO examination could not be performed because he died 2.5 days after admission to the hospital. This patient also had myocarditis and heart failure. Aside from these, mitral insufficiency was diagnosed in the other patient; it was accepted as a sequela of rheumatic fever acquired previously. Open pericardial drainage was conducted successfully in the case who had a progression to cardiac tamponade. In the other patients pericardial effusion completely resolved with supportive and antibiotic therapy one to two weeks. Two of eight patients died from sepsis and septic shock; the mortality rate was 25%. Our findings show that cardiac involvement was fairly high (20%) in S. aureus sepsis in childhood. Therefore, it is suggested that children with S. aureus sepsis should be carefully monitored for cardiac involvement.
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PMID:Cardiac findings in childhood staphylococcal sepsis. 1204 94

An understanding of the basic principles of diastolic function is important in order to recognize diseases that may result in diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure. Although uncommon, restrictive cardiomyopathy, constrictive pericarditis, and cardiac tamponade are among the disorders that may affect primarily diastolic function with preservation of systolic function. Diastolic heart failure may manifest with chronic nonspecific symptoms or may present with acute hemodynamic compromise. Echocardiography plays a vital role in the diagnosis of diastolic dysfunction and differentiation of these disease processes. It also provides a basis for clinical decisions regarding management and surgical referral. This review summarizes the clinical features, pathophysiology, and hemodynamic and echocardiographic signs of restrictive cardiomyopathy, constrictive pericarditis, and cardiac tamponade.
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PMID:Diastolic heart failure: restrictive cardiomyopathy, constrictive pericarditis, and cardiac tamponade: clinical and echocardiographic evaluation. 1214 33

The case concerns a 56 year old male with the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma, which clinically presented as a rapidly increasing cardiac tamponade. The patient underwent a pericardio-centesis. Due to the expansion of the process within the bronchus, the patient underwent chemotherapy according to the Taxol + Carboplatine scheme. After 8 months of treatment the patient was hospitalized again due to a further increase in fluid in the pericardium, and symptoms of cardiac insufficiency which lead to patient death. Autopsy revealed neoplastic change within the pericardium (fibrinous-hemorrhagic pericarditis and hemopericardium). Cardiac tumors occur rarely, they may be primary or secondary. Squamous cell carcinoma metastases may be the cause of pericardial effusion, which is associated with poor prognosis.
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PMID:[Cardiac tamponade as the first clinical manifestation of squamous cell carcinoma]. 1215 50

We report a case of right-sided heart failure associated with multiple myeloma. Amyloidosis was proven by rectal biopsy. In this case we were able to demonstrate myocardial disease by using tissue Doppler echocardiography, even in the presence of cardiac tamponade.
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PMID:Discrimination between pericardial disease and myocardial disease using tissue Doppler imaging in a patient with right-sided heart failure and multiple myeloma. 1260 75

The development of renal failure after open heart surgery is associated with a high mortality. Thirteen patients were treated with continuous hemodiafiltration (CHDF) for renal failure following open heart surgery since April 1999 to December 2001. The indication of CHDF was blood purification in 8 patients and water balance control in 5 patients. Two patients with hemodialysis (HD) before operation returned to usual HD early after operation, and discharged. One patient died of severe heart failure, and another patient died of sepsis and multi organ failure. In these 2 patients, CHDF could not withdrawn. Seven patients weaned from CHDF 1 to 19 days after operation. Five of 7 patients discharged, but 2 patients died of cerebral infarction 4 month after operation. The remaining 2 patients could not wean from CHDF, and were introduced HD. Only 1 of 13 patients had bleeding tendency (cardiac tamponade). CHDF did not influence the hemodynamic state and was very effective for the treatment of renal failure in many patients.
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PMID:[Analysis of continuous hemodiafiltration after open heart surgery]. 1263 20

Whether they are the first sign of cancer or aggravate the evolution of a neoplasm already known and treated, renal, hepatic and cardiac failure constitute a vital threat for a patient with cancer and often justifies an admission to intensive care. If the clinical picture can be considered similar in all respects to that of other patients, the neoplasia and its treatments are often responsible for etiological, diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic particularities that merit being known. So it is in nephrology with the glomerulopathies and thrombotic microangiopathy, in hepatology with veno-occlusive disease and graft versus host rejection, in cardiology with aplastic septic shock, anthracycline myocardial toxicity, cardiac tamponade... the list is far from being exhaustive. We have attempted to clarify certain of these specifities and the diagnostic and therapeutic approach adapted to these situations that are too often the source of errors with serious consequences.
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PMID:[Renal, hepatic, biliary, and cardiovascular emergencies in onco-haematology]. 1500 73

Acute heart failure is always an indication for referral to an intensive care unit. In the widest sense, the term acute heart failure includes the manifestation forms of pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock or rapid-onset decompensated cardiac insufficiency unaccompanied by shock or pulmonary edema (low-output syndrome). Acute heart failure may occur in the absence of previously known heart disease. Existing prior specific diseases that may end in acute cardiac insufficiency include acute myocardial infarction, decompensated cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, cardiac tamponade, endocarditis or arrhythmogenic heart failure.
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PMID:[Acute heart failure]. 1537 19


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