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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Four of 28 patients who were operated on died in late-term periods, four from advancing cardiac failure and one died 5 years after an operation from cardiac tamponade. In the group of four patients one underwent Cabrol's operation, three were operated on by the Bentall-De Bono method. The condition of 25 patients considerably improved and they were related to the II and I functional classes. The result was poor in three patients due to initial severity of the process in one, dilatation of the arch of the aorta in another, the presence of a fistula in the distal anastomosis in the third. One patient treated by Cabrol's operation and another who was operated on by the Bentall-De Bono method had pseudoaneurysms in the orifices of the coronary arteries. Despite some complications which occurred in the late postoperative periods, the Cabrol and Bentall-De Bono operations are the most radical means today for surgical treatment of aneurysms of the ascending aorta.
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PMID:[Long-term results of the surgical treatment of aneurysm of the ascending aorta in combination with aortic valve insufficiency]. 292 3

Various complications are associated with the use of central venous catheters for total parenteral nutrition; cardiac tamponade is one of the most severe. Four cases are reported of cardiac tamponade during total parenteral nutrition: three of them were related to cardiac perforation by the tip of the catheter, placed in the right atrium; the fourth case may have been due to cardiac perforation or to an extraintestinal complication of inflammatory bowel disease. Hydropericardium may manifest itself soon after the catheter is inserted or, more usually, some days or weeks later. Immediate diagnosis is mandatory: a sudden and unexpected deterioration in a patient receiving total parenteral nutrition through a central venous catheter, with shock, heart failure, cyanosis, congestion of neck veins should arouse suspicion of hydropericardium. Long term undernutrition, a small atrophic heart, steroid treatment may also contribute to cardiac perforation. Immediate aspiration of the hydropericardium may be life-saving: if possible, the fluid is evacuated through the catheter while still in place; otherwise, pericardiocentesis must be immediately performed. Such complications can be prevented by: the use of flexible silicone or polyurethane catheters instead of rigid polyethylene catheters, especially for long term use; a correct positioning of the catheter tip in the superior vena cava in its extrapericardial sector, as it can be checked by chest X-ray. This examination, with opacification of the catheter with contrast medium, must be repeated because of the possibility of secondary displacement of the catheter.
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PMID:[Tamponade and total parenteral nutrition by central venous catheter]. 308 79

The management of aortic dissection with cardiac tamponade may result in increased blood pressure and thereby itself make the aortic dissection worse. Nevertheless, it is important to prevent cardiac failure caused by cardiac tamponade. We describe a case of aortic dissection with cardiac tamponade. Echocardiography and aortography showed DeBakey IIIb-type aortic dissection with retrograde dissection, complicated by cardiac tamponade and aortic insufficiency. To treat this condition, a new therapeutic approach was undertaken. A vasodilator was administered, then pericardiocentesis guided by echocardiography was performed. To prevent abrupt elevation of blood pressure in response to the relief of cardiac tamponade, the pericardial aspiration was carried out slowly--it took four hours for the complete drainage of 415 ml of blood--and a vasodilator, sodium nitroprusside, was administered. After drainage, cardiac function was reversed fully, and the systolic pressure was controlled under 140 mmHg. Then, using extra-corporeal circulation, the surgical procedure was performed successfully. We conclude that it is useful to treat cardiac tamponade by controlling blood pressure with slow drainage and use of a vasodilator in preparation for performing the surgical procedure.
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PMID:New therapeutic approach to aortic dissection complicated by cardiac tamponade. 321 82

A woman with a three month history of progressive right heart failure was found to have sarcoid pericarditis complicated by pericardial tamponade. The pericardial fluid was serosanguineous, and numerous nodules were noted on the parietal and visceral pericardium. Non-caseating granulomas were found in biopsy specimens of the pericardium, lung and skin. Right-sided heart failure in sarcoidosis is usually attributed to cor pulmonale or primary myocardial sarcoid. Pericardial tamponade should be considered in patients who present with sarcoidosis complicated by right heart failure.
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PMID:Pericardial tamponade in sarcoidosis. 382 90

Metastatic pericarditis was identified in 74 out of 240 cancer patients suffering from secondary tumor lesions in the heart (30.8%). It involved quick accumulation of exudate which led to grave heart failure due to cardiac tamponade development in 39%. Liquid in the heart sac was detected by X-rays in 20, ECG-39, and echocardiography--in 83% of patients. Application of echocardiography provides a means for ascertaining the extent of pericardial involvement and monitoring changes in tumor process occurring in the course of therapy.
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PMID:[Clinical aspects and diagnosis of metastatic pericarditis in cancer patients]. 394 87

Idiopathic hemorrhagic pericardial effusion was diagnosed in 8 dogs. The patients were typically males of large or giant breeds and a wide age range was represented. In all dogs clinical features of acute or chronic cardiac tamponade and right-sided heart failure were present. The pericardial effusion in each case was identified by thoracic radiography, electrocardiography, and echocardiography. Cytologic examination of the fluid did not allow differentiation from hemorrhagic effusions caused by neoplasia. Bacterial and fungal cultures were negative in 5 dogs. In 6 cases, a presumptive diagnosis was based on the absence of cardiac masses on 2-dimensional echocardiography, contrast pericardiography, or both. The condition was managed successfully by partial pericardiectomy in 5 cases. The definitive diagnosis in each case was established by gross cardiac examination at surgery or necropsy and by histologic examination of tissues. Blood vessels and lymphatics of the parietal and visceral pericardia appeared to be the primary targets of the disease process.
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PMID:Idiopathic hemorrhagic pericardial effusion in eight dogs. 651 42

From March, 1976 to June, 1983, 22 patients (10 males, 12 females) treated by maintenance hemodialysis were autopsied in our department. Primary diseases of the autopsied cases were chronic glomerulonephritis (12 cases), diabetes mellitus (three cases), hydronephrosis (three cases), systematic lupus erythematosus (two cases), myeloma kidney (one case) and atherosclerosing nephropathy (one case). Direct causes of death in maintenance hemodialysis patients were bleeding (six cases), uremia (three cases), infection (three cases), carcinoma (four cases), heart failure (two cases), myocardial infarction (one case), brain ischemia (one case), cardiac tamponade (one case) and unknown (one case).
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PMID:Autopsy findings in maintenance hemodialysis patients. 653 69

Using cardiac chamber catheterization and isotope methods, the systemic and intracardiac hemodynamics was studied in 232 patients who had undergone heart surgery under conditions of extracorporeal circulation. The syndrome of a low cardiac output was detected in 46.9% of the patients and was caused by various forms of heart failure, by hypovolemia, a postoperative shock and pericardiac tamponade. The functional state of the right and the left ventricles of the heart in various types of circulatory insufficiency was shown to vary in different directions. The volume of the circulating blood in the postoperative period was determined by the adequacy of the blood loss compensation, by blood deposition, the redistribution of fluid between the vascular, interstitial and cellular spaces of the body and also by the functional condition of the myocardium. The syndrome of a low cardiac output associated with cardiac tamponade is due largely to the diastolic insufficiency of the myocardium. The shock noted in the open heart surgery patients is a polyetiological syndrome in which the impaired circulation is secondary to myocardial failure, deficit of the circulation blood volume, and microcirculatory disorders.
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PMID:[Low cardiac output syndrome in heart surgery patients]. 670 Jan 36

Rupture of the left ventricle after myocardial infarction results either in sudden death from cardiac tamponade or, when pericardial adhesions are present, in bleeding that is confined to a limited space, which gradually expands as the blood flows through a small communicating orifice under high pressure, forming a false aneurysm. In three such patients a false aneurysm of the left ventricle after myocardial infarction was successfully treated by operation. The interval from the initiating event to the time of surgery averaged 10 months. Two of the patients had pericarditis and all presented at some stage of the illness with tachyarrhythmias and cardiac failure. All the patients survived operation and have improved functionally. Because of the propensity of false aneurysms to rupture, early diagnosis and aggressive surgical treatment are recommended.
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PMID:Surgical treatment of false aneurysm of the left ventricle after myocardial infarction. 684 58

To determine the causes of cardiac failure during cardiac tamponade in man, we studied left ventricular volume and function in eight patients during pericardiocentesis using gated equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography. In the seven patients with clinical and hemodynamic evidence of cardiac tamponade, end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes increased progressively as the initial 500 ml of fluid were removed; the most marked increase occurred during the removal of the first 200 ml of pericardial fluid. After removal of 500 ml of pericardial fluid, end-diastolic volume increased from 52 +/- 8 ml to 111 +/- 13 ml (p less than 0.05) and end-systolic volume from 17 +/- 5 ml to 34 +/- 7 ml (p less than 0.05). Additional aspiration of fluid resulted in no further changes in left ventricular volume. The ejection fraction averaged 70% before removal of fluid and was unchanged by pericardiocentesis. In the one patient who did not have hemodynamic evidence of tamponade, there were only minor changes in left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction. These data suggest that pump function of the left ventricle is well preserved in cardiac tamponade, and that the diminution in stroke volume and consequent cardiovascular collapse seen in tamponade are due to marked underfilling of the ventricle.
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PMID:Left ventricular volume and function during relief of cardiac tamponade in man. 708 1


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