Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Death rates from heart disease in cities and regions of England and Wales, based on death certificates for 1963, are compared with death rates from the same causes in 10 Latin American cities, San Francisco, USA, and Bristol, England, derived from the Inter-American Investigation of Mortality which obtained histories and clinical records of fatal illnesses for the years 1962-64 by a sampling method. Death rates in Bristol derived from the 2 sources showed an agreement close enough to justify comparisons between official rates for England and Wales and the data for the Latin American cities.Comparing standardized death rates for males in the Latin American cities with those for the corresponding populations in the English conurbations and cities, the ratio for coronary disease was found to be 0.4; for other degenerative heart disease it was 1.0; for hypertensive heart, 2.2; for other heart disease, 1.5. The corresponding ratios for females were: 0.55, 1.0, 3.0, and 1.7, respectively. When the hospital regions of England and Wales were included, a geographical pattern could be seen, particularly for males, the highest rates for coronary and degenerative heart disease being found in northern England and the lowest rates in central and western cities of Latin America. For hypertensive and other heart disease the pattern was different.Standardized sex ratios for total heart disease mortality at ages from 45 to 74 years in 30 countries are largely affected by the proportions of deaths attributed to arteriosclerotic and degenerative disease but they suggest that geography, country of origin and possibly climate are also factors that differentially affect the sexes and, in consequence, affect the sex ratios.
 ...
PMID:Heart disease mortality in cities of Latin America and in cities and regions of England and Wales. 530 25

Heart sound screening was performed on elementary school children in three San Mateo County communities, using the Phonocardioscan, a portable analog-digital computer. Although these communities differed significantly in socio-economic backgrounds, the incidence of previously known and unknown heart disease was not dissimilar. However, there was an unusual difference in community reaction to the heart sound study, with the families in the middle class area exhibiting more anxiety than those in the high and low income communities.
 ...
PMID:Heart sound screening in high, low and middle income communities. 578 14

In the Congenital Heart Program at San Diego Children's Hospital, alterations in medical practice have reduced costs without impairing quality or access. Pediatric cardiac catheterization was done in 483 consecutive elective patients without overnight hospital stay. Hospital readmission was required in one patient for psoas tendinitis. Avoiding overnight hospital stay minimized attendant risks of hospital care, lessened psychosocial trauma and reduced the average hospital bill by $493 (29%). Hospital stay was also reduced for elective surgical correction of congenital heart disease on a case-by-case basis. Review of 151 consecutive cases (1978 through 1982) showed a decrease in both preoperative days in hospital and postoperative days in an intensive care unit. The duration of the postoperative stay was shortened from 6.8 days in 1978-1979 to 4.4 days in 1982 (P <.05). No increase in morbidity and no mortality resulted from the shortened perioperative hospital stay. Financial savings from this process averaged $991 per procedure.Diagnostic tests were reassessed and many precatheterization laboratory tests were eliminated. Without change in new patients seen or surgical volume, the use of cardiac catheterization decreased from 241 procedures in 1981 to 161 in 1982 and the number of operations without catheterization increased (11 to 22, 1981 to 1982). No increase in surgical morbidity or mortality was found comparing those diagnosed only by echocardiography with those who had preoperative cardiac catheterization. The decrease of 80 catheterizations in one year resulted in a savings of $188,800.True cost containment (reducing cost without reducing quality) can be accomplished in congenital heart programs. Similar cost containments in other disciplines may also be achieved.
 ...
PMID:Containing costs in the treatment of congenital heart disease. 647 38

Many variables are considered risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This study examines the associations among a psychological variable (type A personality measurement), a social variable (Holmes and Rahe Schedule of Recent Events), and physiologic variables (age, blood pressure, smoking, and cholesterol), as measured to fill out a health hazard appraisal. These tests and questionnaires were administered to 572 persons from the San Francisco Bay area when they enrolled in a health promotion program (Common Health Care). Recent life changes and a self-measurement of coronary prone behavior showed no significant correlations to major heart disease risk factors.
 ...
PMID:Cardiovascular risk factors and life changes. 674 61

This study assessed the health concerns and needs for health education in the Afghan refugee and immigrant community of the San Francisco Bay Area. The study used a telephone survey, seven community meetings and a survey administered to 196 Afghan families through face-to-face interviews. Data were analyzed qualitatively and statistically. Health problems of most concern are mental health problems and stress related to past refugee trauma and loss, current occupational and economic problems, and culture conflict. Physical health problems include heart disease, diabetes and dental problems. Needed health education topics include dealing with stress, heart health, nutrition, raising children in the United States (particularly adolescents), aging in the United States, and diabetes. Using coalition building and involving Afghans in their community assessment, we found that the Afghan community is eager for culture- and language-appropriate health education programs through videos, television, lectures, and written materials. Brief health education talks in community meetings and a health fair revealed enthusiasm and willingness to consider health promotion and disease-prevention practices.
 ...
PMID:Afghan Health Education Project: a community survey. 759 62

Common pulmonary vein atresia is a rare form of cyanotic congenital heart disease in which the pulmonary veins join to form a blind confluence that does not communicate with the heart or the major systemic veins. Twenty-one cases have been reported since the lesion was first described in 1962; only two patients with this lesion have survived. Over a 4-year period, common pulmonary vein atresia was diagnosed in five newborns referred to the San Diego Regional Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Program. All five improved dramatically as a result of venoarterial bypass. Congenital heart disease was diagnosed at autopsy in the initial case and by cardiac ultrasound and/or catheterization in the others. Surgical repair was attempted in three neonates; all three required continued extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support postoperatively because of pulmonary hypertension and severe pulmonary parenchymal disease. One infant died of respiratory insufficiency at 3 months of age. The other two survived and were discharged from the hospital. The diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas posed by this lesion and the life-saving potential for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in this rapidly fatal cardiac anomaly are the bases of this report.
 ...
PMID:Common pulmonary vein atresia: the role of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. 842 18

In 1991, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved Norplant manufactured in Finland for American use. It has had over 500,000 users in almost 50 nations. It is sold as a set of 6 capsules, each containing 36 mg of levonorgestrel, which are implanted subdermally no on the medial upper arm. An American cohort of Norplant users had the following annual Pearl pregnancy rates: (a) 355 women at 1 year, 0; (b) 283 women at 2 years, 2.1; (c) 191 women at 3 years, 3.1; (d) 69 women at 4 years, 0; and (e) 25 women at 5 years, 0. The cumulative continuation rates for 396 American Norplant users were 82% at 1 year, 65% at 2 years, 50% at 3 years, and 44% at 4 years. A 2nd American cohort and groups of Norplant users in Chile, Egypt, and Thailand had higher continuation rates. Among 110 former Norplant users in San Francisco, 61% planned to use it again. The user can conceive in just 1 month after Norplant removal Many women do experience alterations in menstrual patterns, including prolonged bleeding, spotting between periods, and very light or no bleeding. The ectopic pregnancy rate has been 0.28 per 1000 woman-years of Norplant use, an incidence lower than that of ectopic pregnancies in women not using family planning. Norplant is appropriate for many women who want continuous long-term contraception. Definite contraindications to Norplant include: (a) acute liver disease, including benign or malignant tumors; (b) jaundice; (c) undiagnosed vaginal bleeding; (d) a history of thrombophlebitis, pulmonary embolism, or blood clots in the eyes; (e) a history of heart attack, chest pain as a symptom of diagnoses heart disease, or stroke (coronary artery or cerebrovascular disease); (f) possible pregnancy; (g) lactation until at least 6 weeks postpartum; (h) hemorrhagic disorder; (i) anticoagulation therapy; and (j) drugs such as rifampin, barbiturates, phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenylbutazone, and isoniazid, which may interact with the levonorgestrel in Norplant and decrease its effectiveness.
 ...
PMID:Norplant: a welcome new contraceptive. 848 56

The main goal was to know the epidemiologic, clinical, electrocardiographic and radiologic characteristics among a population of seropositives and seronegatives to Trypanosoma cruzi in a rural area of the Department of San Miguel, province of Corrientes, Argentina. One hundred and thirty-two patients of different ages: 2-79 years old were researched (58 males, 74 females). In order to make a thorough assessment clinical evaluation and cardiologic testing were carried out. Signs and symptoms consistent with heart disease, blood pressure, 12-lead ECG registry and chest x-ray (PA view) were registered. In signs and symptoms, abnormal ECG patterns and radiologic abnormalities, non-significant statistic difference were observed. Although we were unable to find a significant relationship between chagasic infection and a higher prevalence for heart disease, it is important to stress the fact that 54.0% of the studied population was largely composed of very young patients whose ages were less than 20 years old, and 45.0% of those older than 41 years showed ECG abnormalities.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical cross-sectional and epidemiologic study of Chagas disease in a rural area of the Argentinian northeast]. 960 39

The Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS) is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial designed to test the efficacy and safety of estrogen plus progestin therapy for prevention of recurrent coronary heart disease (CHD) events in women. The participants are postmenopausal women with a uterus and with CHD as evidenced by prior myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft surgery, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, or other mechanical revascularization or at least 50% occlusion of a major coronary artery. Between February 1993 and September 1994, 20 HERS centers recruited and randomized 2763 women. Participants ranged in age from 44 to 79 years, with a mean age of 66.7 (SD 6.7) years. Most participants were white (89%), married (57%), and had completed high school or some college (80%). As expected, the prevalence of coronary risk factors was high: 62% were past or current smokers, 59% had hypertension, 90% had serum LDL-cholesterol of 100 mg/dL or higher, and 23% had diabetes. Each woman was randomly assigned to receive one tablet containing 0.625 mg conjugated estrogens plus 2.5 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate daily or an identical placebo. Participants will be evaluated every 4 months for an average of 4.2 years for the occurrence of CHD events (CHD death and nonfatal myocardial infarction). We will also assess other major CHD endpoints, including revascularization and hospitalization for unstable angina. The primary analysis will compare the rate of CHD events in women assigned to active treatment with the rate in those assigned to placebo. The trial was designed to have power greater than 90% to detect a 35% reduction in the incidence of CHD events, assuming a 50% lag in effect for 2 years and a 5% annual event rate in the placebo group. The design, analysis, and conduct of the study are controlled by the Steering Committee of Principal Investigators and coordinated at the University of California, San Francisco. HERS is the largest trial of any intervention to reduce the risk of recurrent CHD events in women with heart disease and is the first controlled trial to seek evidence of the efficacy and safety of postmenopausal hormone therapy to prevent recurrent CHD events.
 ...
PMID:Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS): design, methods, and baseline characteristics. 968 9

Regional practice-based network research has grown significantly in the past 15 years. Previous studies have reported on characteristics of physicians who participate in network research, but little is known about the specific a priori research interests of practicing physicians. Knowledge of such interests could be useful in planning network research studies. We conducted a mail survey to assess the research interests of primary care physicians in two contiguous research networks at the University of California at San Francisco (UCSF) and at Stanford University. Among 120 respondents from the UCSF Collaborative Research Network and 85 from the Stanford Ambulatory Research Network, the most common topics of interest were disease prevention, communication and compliance, and managed care. Among specific conditions, heart disease, hypertension, and respiratory infection were of interest to the majority of respondents. Topics not of interest to network members were obstetrics, diagnostic procedures, alcoholism, drug abuse, tuberculosis, male genito-urinary problems, occupational hazards, domestic violence, and AIDS and HIV. Identification of network physician research interests can help focus research and recruitment efforts on topics of interest and provide estimates of participation levels for planning studies and preparing funding applications for research networks.
 ...
PMID:Research interests of physicians in two practice-based primary care research networks. 992 31


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 Next >>