Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Generalized expectancies about control are examined as a possible independent risk factor for coronary artery disease in a sample of subjects undergoing coronary angiography. This characteristic is also examined as a possible underlying component of the Type A behavior pattern which may contribute to the latter's association with heart disease. Regression analyses adjusting for age, sex, income and known risk factors for heart disease (hypertension, serum cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, angina, family history of CHD, hostility and Type A behavior pattern) indicate that having a stronger belief in personal mastery or control is an independent predictor of more severe coronary atherosclerosis. This characteristic, however, is not significantly related to the Type A behavior pattern.
 ...
PMID:Personal control and coronary artery disease: how generalized expectancies about control may influence disease risk. 179 80

Ventricular emptying was evaluated in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) with left-to-right (L-R) shunt by factor analysis of gated equilibrium radionuclide angiography. In 36 (95%) of 38 ventricular septal defect patients and 20 (95%) of 21 atrial septal defect patients with small L-R shunt (pulmonary to systemic blood flow, Qp/Qs less than or equal to 2.5), as well as all patent ductus arteriosus patients, two significant cardiac factors corresponding to the ventricles (ventricular factor) and the atria plus large vessels (atrial factor) were extracted. However, in all of nine ventricular septal defect patients with large L-R shunt (Qp/Qs greater than 2.5), two different ventricular factors were determined which corresponded to the right and left ventricles (RV and LV). The RV factor showed a delay of ejection phase compared with the LV factor, and the delay was correlated with the value of Qp/Qs (r = 0.82, P less than 0.01). In eight (80%) of 10 ASD patients with large L-R shunt (Qp/Qs greater than 2.5), RV was described by the two different ventricular factors located in the septal and free-wall regions. The LV was extracted in the same factor as that located in the septal region of RV. This study demonstrates the capability of factor analysis in the pathophysiological investigation of CDH with L-R shunt.
 ...
PMID:Factor analysis of gated cardiac blood-pool data: application to patients with congenital heart disease. 179 21

Heart disease is the leading cause of death for Asian-Americans and Pacific-Islanders, Hispanic-Americans, and Native Americans. Generally, heart disease death rates are lower in these population groups than in Caucasians, with the notable exception of Native Americans under the age of 35. Of particular interest are data for southwestern US Native Americans and Mexican-Americans, which indicate low CHD prevalence rates despite high rates of obesity, diabetes mellitus, increasing hypertension, and low socioeconomic status. Much more research is needed to explain these and other observations. Intervention in those risk factors already identified is necessary, particularly in prevention of obesity and diabetes.
 ...
PMID:Heart disease in Asians and Pacific-Islanders, Hispanics, and Native Americans. 201 71

Contrary to early impressions of blacks' relative immunity to CHD, it is now clear that African Americans experience greater mortality from CHD than whites. The natural history of CHD differs between blacks and whites in three important respects: First, greater prevalence of established risk factors among blacks suggests that they may be at greater risk for heart disease than their white counterparts. Second, health care seeking differences are evident between blacks and whites, leading to lower rates of identification of early disease and slower seeking of services for acute events. However, risk factor differences and health care seeking behaviors do not appear to account for all of the differences in the natural history of heart disease between the ethnic groups, such as survival rate differences during treatment. Economic factors appear to account for only a portion of these differences in risk factors and health care seeking. Beyond differences in risk factors and health care seeking, other, as yet undetermined, factors seem to be involved. These unknown influences could include physiologic, behavioral, and/or psychologic differences.
 ...
PMID:Risk factors and the natural history of coronary heart disease in blacks. 204 11

To assess the limitations of 2 Dimensional Color Doppler Echocardiography in the evaluation of cardiac anatomy in children with congenital heart disease. 2DCDE were performed in 140 infants and children before cardiac catheterization and/or operation or autopsy. The segmental echocardiographic analysis included determination of intracardiac, great artery, systemic venous and pulmonary venous anatomy. Among 140 patients there were 270 separate cardiovascular abnormalities of which 215 (80%) were identified by 2D echo. There were 55 (20%) false negative diagnosis by 2DE. Small VSD, unusual location of PDA, stenosis of pulmonary arterial and venous system, intra pulmonary arterio-venous fistula and pseudotruncus were the lesions most likely to be misdiagnosed by 2DE. Color Doppler was useful to detect abnormal flow of valvular regurgitation or left to right shunt. Doppler is useful to detect abnormal flow from obstruction or regurgitation or left to right shunt and may be used to predict the pressure in the chambers of the heart and great artery. General limitation of 2DCDE to diagnose CHD include; obesity and emphysematous child, some inherent limitation in each instrument and also inexperienced echocardiographer.
 ...
PMID:Limitation of 2 dimensional color Doppler echocardiography in the diagnosis of congenital heart disease. 238 Jun 48

There are no reliable criteria for the evaluation of acute effects after oral application of a high single dose of an antiarrhythmic agent from the analysis of data of 46 patients with frequent complex VPBs suffering from severe organic heart disease (19 CHD, 27 COCM), we developed a new statistical model. Our calculations were based on nine 10 h Holter ECGs (2 controls, 1 placebo test, 6 class 1 antiarrhythmic agent tests) and two 24 h Holter ECGs (1 control, 1 while on chronic treatment) recorded in each patient. Usually reductions in VPB frequency caused by the medication occurred within 1 hour after application and lasted greater than or equal to 4 hours. The VPB reduction in the course of time was assessed by the parameters r and R (r = VPB reduction of the 4 h interval in comparison to the last hour before application, R = VPB reduction of the 4 h interval in comparison with an analogous interval of a control day). Values of r and R greater than or equal to -50% were never observed simultaneously. In contrast, the majority of all patients developed r and R values greater than or equal to -50% after application of an antiarrhythmic agent, and were classified as responders. As shown at a Holter control after 1 week of chronic treatment, the predictive value of a positive test result was good.
 ...
PMID:[New statistical criteria for validation of the antiarrhythmic effects by acute oral testing]. 242 19

The influence of the underlying heart disease on the spontaneous variability of ventricular arrhythmias was investigated prospectively in 53 patients (25 CHD, 28 IDC) with frequent and complex ventricular arrhythmias. In each patient, two consecutive ambulatory 24-h Holter ECGs were prepared and in each tape the mean hourly arrhythmia count (AC) was determined separately for singular VPCs, couplets, and salvos. The spontaneous variability between the two long-term ECGs was defined as the logarithm of the ratio (ACday 2 + 0.01)/(ACday 1 + 0.01). The 95% confidence intervals of the stated types of arrhythmias were calculated as +/- 2 SD. The results were analyzed as a function of the underlying etiology, NYHA class, and left ventricular ejection fraction. There were no differences between patients with CHD and IDC. The extent of left ventricular dysfunction did not have any influence either. In patients of NYHA class 3 there was a higher spontaneous variability of VPCs, couplets and salvos than in patients of NYHA class 2, but the differences could not be ensured statistically. We conclude from the results that the validation of an antiarrhythmic treatment can be performed independently from the nature of the underlying heart disease and the left ventricular ejection fraction. However, it remains unclear whether a greater variability must be expected in patients of NYHA class 3 than in patients of NYHA class 2.
 ...
PMID:[Spontaneous variability of ventricular arrhythmias in relation to the kind and extent of underlying heart disease]. 245 60

A two-dimensional echocardiographic method was applied to determine the axis of interventricular septum (IVS) in the horizontal plane. This study comprised 19 subjects with ASD, 15 subjects with VSD(I), 20 subjects with VSD(II), 13 subjects with PDA, 16 subjects with PS, 15 subjects with TOF and 99 normal children. Parasternal left ventricular short axis view was taken, and the IVS was recorded by using the polaroid prints. The axis of the IVS in the horizontal plane was measured from the recorded polaroid prints. The value of the angularity of IVS (IVS-A) expressed as means +/- one standard deviation (mean +/- 1S.D.) is 52.0 +/- 13.7 degrees in ASD, 42.2 +/- 9.7 degrees in VSD(I), 43.7 +/- 9.1 degrees in VSD(II), 41.6 +/- 11.4 degrees in PDA, 38.6 +/- 10.9 degrees in PS, 61.0 +/- 8.5 degrees in TOF and 40.1 +/- 8.2 degrees in normal controls. There was no significant difference among VSD(I), VSD(II), PDA, PS and normal controls but a highly significant difference was noted in ASD and TOF as compared to other groups. The correlation coefficient of the IVS-A with (1) the Qp/Qs ratio, (2) the magnitude of shunt (%), (3) the right ventricular pressure and (4) the hematocrits were evaluated among the patient groups. The IVS-A of ASD and VSD(II) had a good correlation with the shunt flow (r = 0.921 and 0.88 respectively) and/or the Qp/Qs ratio (r = 0.782 and 0.955 respectively); while that of VSD(I), PDA, and PS had a good correlation with the right ventricular pressure (r = 0.956, 0.953, 0.842 respectively) and that of TOF was mostly concerned with the hematocrits (r = 0.911). Besides, the IVS-A in each severe CHD subgroup was significantly (p less than 0.005 or a better value) higher than the normal control group. Thus an alternative method was validated for evaluating the severity of congenital heart disease by using a noninvasive two-dimensional echocardiographic technique.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation and comparison of the axis of the interventricular septum by two-dimensional echocardiography among the patients with congenital heart disease (ASD, VSD, PDA, PS, TOF) and the normal subjects. 251 99

The hemodynamic effects of nifedipine in 15 patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) secondary to congenital heart disease (CHD) were evaluated. The basal hemodynamic parameters were obtained before medication. The parameters were also obtained 60 minutes and 2 months after taking nifedipine. After treatment, PAPs were decreased 18% and 15% (P less than 0.01), PAPd 21% and 24% (P less than 0.01), PAPm both 19% (P less than 0.01), respectively. TPR were reduced 33% and 30% (P less than 0.01). SAP decreased slightly after 60 minutes. HR, CO and CI remained unchanged. Of the 10 patients suffering from hyperkinetic PH, 8 patients underwent closure of defects after treatment of nifedipine. The above results suggest that nifedipine is effective for patients with PH secondary to CHD. It acted as an antihypertensive agent in patients with CDH associated with hyperkinetic PH before operation.
 ...
PMID:[Therapeutic effects of nifedipine in pulmonary hypertension secondary to congenital heart disease]. 262 74

The information presented indicates that the risk factors associated with the development of coronary heart disease in women are, for the most part, the same as those identified for men. It is encouraging to note that although the prevalence of hypertension in women has not changed over the past 20 years, the proportion of treated hypertensive women has increased dramatically and the proportion with controlled blood pressure has doubled since 1960. It is also encouraging to note that the number of adult women who smoke cigarettes has decreased since 1960, but the number of young girls who smoke has increased at an alarming rate. Researchers have noted that the number of cigarettes smoked per day by women has increased from the 1950s to the present. The Framingham data reveal that serum cholesterol level increases substantially with age and that women should take steps to eat a healthy, low-saturated fat, low cholesterol diet to maintain a low blood cholesterol level. The Framingham Study data also show that although the same risk factors operate in men and women, the standard risk factors do not explain the marked differences in morbidity and mortality from heart disease between the two sexes. We must continue to study the epidemiology and biology of coronary heart disease in women both to better understand the disease process in women and to understand the large gender differential for CHD in most Westernized countries.
 ...
PMID:Epidemiology and risk factors for coronary heart disease in women. 264 27


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>