Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 43 patients with angiographically proven coronary heart disease and in 24 patients without heart disease, gated blood pool scintigraphy was done under resting conditions with 15 mCi 99mTcHSA in LAO projection. Scintigraphic data were collected in list mode by means of a gamma camera connected to a computer system (Siemens 330). A cumulative scintigram sequence with a time resolution of 100 frames/s was constructed using several hundred heart cycles of equal duration. After background correction volume curves of the left ventricle were obtained and the following parameters were calculated: EF, dV/dt max,dV/dt min. In all patients with coronary heart disease, these parameters were reduced depending on the severity of the stenotic lesion. The changes of dV/dt min and to a greater extend of dV/dt max were more pronounced than those of the EF. These results are in keeping with invasively obtained data which show that a decrease of myocardial compliance is one of the earliest manifestations of CHD. Quantitative gated nuclear cardiography allows, therefore, noninvasive evaluation of left ventricular function even under resting conditions.
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PMID:[Quantitative gated nuclear cardiography for noninvasive evaluation of left ventricular function]. 50 50

We have studied 1148 'isolated" cases of congenital heart disease, taken from a general series of 1255 cases. The recurrence risk ranged from 0.9% for relatives of male cases of VSD and for female cases of aortic stenosis to 10.5% for relatives of female cases of atrioventricularis communis; mean value 2.5%. Heritability ranged from 50% to 95%, mean 65%. Full concordance was more frequent in 1st-degree relatives of Fallot's tetralogy patients, while discordance was common in more distant relatives. We propose a hypothesis of several overlapping polygenic systems for the causation of CHD.
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PMID:The recurrence risk in congenital heart disease. 66 53

To study myocardial metabolism in chronic hypoxia due to cyanotic congenital heart disease, coronary arteriovenous differences of lactate (L), pyruvate (P), inorganic phosphate (Pi) and potassium (K) were measured in 14 cyanotic patients and seven controls, at rest and during atrial pacing. At rest, there was no difference in any parameter between cyanotic and noncyanotic patients. During atrial pacing (150-175/min) for 10 min, a moderate drop in L-extraction occurred in the control patients with some increase in L/P ratio in coronary venous blood. Cyanotic patients fell into two groups: in nine (group I), the arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) dropped with pacing. Their L-extraction fell sharply, from 28.1 +/- 3.12 to --2.8 5.51 and L production occurred in five. There was a significance increase in coronary venous L/P ratio. Five cyanotic patients (group II) showed no drop in SaO2 with pacing, and L extraction as well as L/P ratio remained stable. Uptake of Pi was noted in all patients at rest, during pacing this disappeared in controls and group I cyanotics but not in group II. No K changes were seen in any patient. Thus, myocardial metabolism is normal at rest in patients with cyanotic CHD; during atrial pacing, a shift toward anaerobic metabolism occurs if SaO2 drops; cyanotic patients whose SaO2 remains stable appear to withstand pacing better than controls.
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PMID:Myocardial metabolism in cyanotic congenital heart disease studied by arteriovenous differences of lactate, phosphate, and potassium at rest and during atrial pacing. 83 11

It has been observed that among men of Japanese ancestry, there is a gradient in CHD mortality increasing from Japan to Hawaii to California. A study of 11,900 Japanese men in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan, Honolulu, Hawaii, and the San Francisco Bay Area of California has been conducted to investigate this disease difference. This paper describes the selection of the study populations and their age distributions, and outlines the study methods. This paper also introduces and briefly summarizes four papers that give the results for mortality comparisons, biochemical and blood pressure distributions and results for heart disease prevalence among the three cohorts.
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PMID:Epidemiologic studies of coronary heart disease and stroke in Japanese men living in Japan, Hawaii and California: introduction. 120 49

In order to facilitate for the general physicians the making of a suitable selection of babies who are in the most urgent need of specialized treatment at cardiac centres, simple methods for diagnosing and qualifying congenital cardiovascular diseases were elaborated. The following "minor" criteria were taken for suspecting a CHD: 1) cardiorespiratory distress following birth, 2) sequentially repeated Apgar score below normal, 3) "pneumonia" symptoms with respiratory distress, dyspnoea and cyanosis, attacks of unconsciousness, 4) feeding difficulties, failure to thrive, inexplicable irritability, 5) presence of other congenital anomalies. The almost certain presence of serious heart disease should be recognized in children, showing the following "major" symptoms: 1) permanent cyanosis, pallor or greyish colour, 2) cardiorespiratory failure (resembling usually symptoms of pneumonia), 3) ECG patterns indicating ventricular hypertrophy signs, 4) other significantly abnormal ECG patterns (e.g. AV and intraventricular conduction disturbances), 5) cardiac enlargement and lung vascularity abnormalities in chest X-rays, 6) weak, or impalpable arterial, particularly femoral pulses, femoral arterial pressures significantly lower, than at upper extremities, bounding pulses and high-pressure amplitude in arms and legs, 7) abnormal heart sounds and pathologic heart and vascular murmurs. A diagnostic "key", based upon evaluation of the "major criteria" facilitates the diagnosis and differentiation of the most important CHD's at neonatal and infantile age. When using this "key" one should keep in mind the relative frequency of incidence of particular lesions. The initial diagnoses by the above "key" were verified in 354 patients by cardiovascular catherisation, angiocardiography, surgical exploration, and for by autopsy. The diagnoses were perfectly accurate in 83.6% cases, in further 11.3% cases being also accurate but were supplemented by some details, and had to be corrected in only 5.1% cases.
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PMID:[Congenital heart diseases in newborns and infants; early detection, differentiation and accuracy of clinical diagnoses (author's transl)]. 122 66

The potential impact of prenatal screening for the detection of congenital heart disease (CHD) was assessed by prospective analysis of 428 consecutive infant admissions to a supraregional centre; 28 (6.5%) did not have CHD and were excluded from analysis. Of the 400 cases with CDH, 396 (99%) underwent fetal ultrasonography but scanning was performed only before 18 weeks' gestation in 200 (50%). One hundred and forty nine (37%) of all cardiac abnormalities and 149/283 (53%) of severe abnormalities were considered to be detectable prenatally in a screening echocardiographic four chamber view had this technique been used. Prenatal diagnosis of severe CHD actually occurred in only eight (2%) cases and was after 30 weeks' gestation in all. There were 181/347 (52%) of all mothers and 177/253 (70%) of the subgroup with severe abnormalities who expressed an opinion volunteered their preference for termination of pregnancy if mid-trimester diagnosis had been available. Mid-trimester detection of congenital heart disease rarely occurs at present despite fetal ultrasound scanning in almost all pregnancies. More than half of all severe congenital heart defects seen in infancy are potentially detectable by screening. Major training at primary scan level and modification of the timing of existing fetal anomaly scanning would be required for a screening programme to be effective.
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PMID:Potential impact of population screening for prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease. 151 74

Care of the elderly patient with CHD requires an understanding of the prevalence of disease and its variability of presentation. Sound application of the diagnostic and therapeutic maneuvers developed for younger patients remains the predominant basis for the clinical approach to older individuals with heart disease. As more research is directed toward age-related issues in cardiac disease, the approach may be refined with more specific guidelines than are currently available.
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PMID:Clinical features of coronary heart disease in the elderly. 158 27

When aggressive lipid-altering therapy is compared with conventional therapy in patients at very high risk for CHD, i.e. those who have abnormal lipid profiles, established coronary disease, and symptomatic heart disease, aggressive therapy halves the expected frequency of progression, triples the frequency of regression, favours the net regression of disease, and reduces clinical events by nearly 75%. These benefits correlate with reductions in LDL cholesterol, systolic blood pressure and increases in HDL cholesterol, and are highly significant, not only statistically but also clinically. This finding is consistent with the observation that there is a persistent relationship between coronary morbidity and mortality across the spectrum of cholesterol levels, and that this risk can be reduced in men with CHD and abnormal lipid metabolism through aggressive lipid management.
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PMID:Effect of lovastatin or niacin combined with colestipol and regression of coronary atherosclerosis. 164 95

Tachycardia in children is generally considered harmful and frequently is transformed into so-called arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. The goal of this report was the investigation of the result of surgical treatment and how it was dependent on the type of tachycardia, the presence of combined, or concomitant heart pathology. We have operated on 146 patients at an age of 8 months to 16 years (mean 9.6 +/- 2.7 yrs) from 1982 until April 1, 1990. Surface mapping was performed in patients with WPW syndrome. All patients underwent electrophysiological study. The duration of the disease was 8.4 +/- 1.9 years. 89% of patients suffered from syncopal episodes. The heart rate during tachycardia exceeded 200 beats/min in 95% of children. In 98% of patients palpitation lasted more than 3 hours. Seven types of tachycardia were seen in operated children. All patients were divided into three groups depending on the absence or presence of CHD or several types of arrhythmia. Sixty-seven patients (45.8%) with so-called noncomplicated tachycardias (without additional heart disease) were included in group I. Forty-seven patients (32.2%) with tachycardia and CHD were in group II and 52 patients (21.9%) with multiple tachycardias that had life-threatening prognosis were in group III. The total efficacy of surgical treatment in group I was 97%. The worst results were in group II patients. The total positive results in this group was 81%. In group III patients with life-threatening arrhythmias, total efficacy was 93.8%.
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PMID:The results of surgery for tachyarrhythmias in children. 170 80

The role of dietary change in the fall in heart disease mortality has been hotly debated. Three countries, Australia, USA and UK with equal 'care' and sophistication of surgical techniques have shown different timing in the beginning of the decline of this 'epidemic'; around the mid 1960s in the first two countries, but not until the late 1970s for the UK. The cause of this difference may be the changing food habits of their populations. Using food disappearance data, apparent consumption of butter and margarine show opposite trends (butter down and margarine up) predating the decline in mortality in both the USA and Australia by at least 7 years and also in the UK, but at a later time, (about 1970). Changes in adipose tissue linoleate, a marker for polyunsaturated fat intake, support this indirect evidence, with depot levels rising in the USA from the 1960s and 10 years later in the UK. Other evidence support the view of decreasing saturated fat intake and increasing polyunsaturated intake prior to 1960 in the USA. Although many factors must contribute to the decline in mortality from CHD, change in dietary P/S ratio would seem to be the major dietary contributor.
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PMID:Dietary factors in the fall in coronary heart disease mortality. 174 58


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