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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rats were fed ad libitum diets containing a combination of commonly consumed highly palatable snack foods, a commercial stock diet, or had access to both diets for 10-11 weeks. Rats fed snack foods only had elevations in risk factors associated with heart disease and/or diabetes including serum cholesterol, insulin response to glucose, and serum glucose. Triglyceride levels were not affected by diet. Removable fat pad weights (perirenal and epididymal) were greater in rats fed snack foods than in rats fed only stock diet, even though total body weights were less. Liver glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was not affected by diet, but malic enzyme activity was greater in rats fed snack foods only than in the other two groups. These results indicate that some risk factors associated with heart disease and/or diabetes can be elevated by feeding a diet containing commonly consumed snack foods.
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PMID:Effects of a combination of common snack foods on some risk factors in heart disease and diabetes in rats. 635 Apr 3

Type II diabetes is one of the most problematic metabolic disorders and is associated with secondary conditions such as heart disease and eye complications. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a multifunctional cytokine, could influence conditions of altered glucose metabolism such as insulin resistance in diabetic patients. However, a consensus about the role of IL-6 on glucose metabolism has not been reached. The aim of the present study is to investigate whether the expression of IL-6 affects glucose metabolism in diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice, a model of type II diabetes and obesity, using gene delivery of IL-6. DIO mice received hydrodynamic or intramuscular injection of IL-6-expressing plasmid to investigate the importance of the site of IL-6 expression. DIO mice that received a sustained IL-6 gene transfer showed similar glucose levels to lean mice in a glucose tolerance test. DIO mice exhibited reduced food intake and low body and epididymal fat weights after IL-6 gene transfer. IL-6 gene delivery reduced the mRNA expression of metabolism-related genes in the liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue of DIO mice. The metabolic status of DIO mice receiving intramuscular injections was moderately better than that of DIO mice receiving hydrodynamic injections. The infiltration of inflammatory cells into the sites where the IL-6-expressing plasmid DNA was delivered was observed. Transient expression of IL-6 had limited effects on all parameters examined. These results indicate that the expression of IL-6 has an effect on obesity and the metabolism of glucose and lipid in diabetic mice and that the expression site of IL-6 is not an important factor.
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PMID:Expression profile-dependent improvement of insulin sensitivity by gene delivery of interleukin-6 in a mouse model of type II diabetes. 2406 15

Adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity and lipodystrophy results in major health complications such as heart disease and stroke, and is associated with an increased risk of some cancers. We have previously found that the cell surface receptor CD24 regulates adipogenesis as measured by lipid accumulation and gene expression in mature adipocytes. How CD24 regulates these processes remains unknown. To begin answering this question, we first determined that CD24 does not affect glucose uptake in differentiating adipocytes in vitro. We then examined changes in global gene expression via DNA microarray in 3T3-L1 adipocytes with siRNA-mediated knock-down of CD24 expression. We found that CD24 expression is necessary for upregulation of up to 134 genes. We validated the CD24-mediated regulation of 4 of these genes during in vitro adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 and primary cells isolated from the inguinal white adipose tissue depots of CD24 knockout mice. Surprisingly, we found that only 1 of these genes was also regulated by CD24 in cells from the epididymal depot. Overall, these data suggest that CD24 is necessary for select gene expression in a depot-specific manner during adipogenesis in vitro. These findings could help elucidate the mechanisms regulating lipid accumulation in adipocytes thereby aiding in the development of novel treatment strategies for obesity and lipodystophy.
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PMID:CD24 is required for regulating gene expression, but not glucose uptake, during adipogenesis. 3023 71

Obesity and metabolic disorders such as diabetes, heart disease, and cancer, are all associated with dramatic adipose tissue remodeling. Tissue-resident adipose progenitor cells (APCs) play a key role in adipose tissue homeostasis and can contribute to the tissue pathology. The growing use of single cell analysis technologies - including single-cell RNA-sequencing and single-cell proteomics - is transforming the stem/progenitor cell field by permitting unprecedented resolution of individual cell expression changes within the context of population- or tissue-wide changes. In this article, we provide detailed protocols to dissect mouse epididymal adipose tissue, isolate single adipose tissue-derived cells, and perform fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) to enrich for viable Sca1+/CD31-/CD45-/Ter119- APCs. These protocols will allow investigators to prepare high quality APCs suitable for downstream analyses such as single cell RNA sequencing.
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PMID:Preparation of Adipose Progenitor Cells from Mouse Epididymal Adipose Tissues. 3292 84