Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mesangiolysis associated with glomerulomegaly was observed in an autopsy case of an 11-year-old boy with cyanotic congenital heart disease, i.e. complete transposition of the great vessels with large VSD. Microscopical examination of the kidney revealed marked enlargement of glomeruli with mesangiolysis mainly found in the midzonal cortex involving 16 to 20% of all glomeruli. The glomerular basement membrane in the mesangiolytic lesion showed splitting, between which red blood cells were occasionally encountered. By reconstruction study with serial sectioning, the mesangiolysis was observed to be obviously focal and segmental. Immunofluorescent study revealed no positive results for IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, and fibrinogen/fibrin. By electron microscopic study on the post formalin fixed specimens, no remarkable dense deposits were found in any structural components of the glomeruli. It was assumed that the mesangiolysis might have been provoked by some circulatory disturbances, which superimposed on the preexisting glomerular lesion of cyanotic congenital heart disease in the terminal stage of the clinical course.
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PMID:Mesangiolysis in the glomerular lesion of cyanotic congenital heart disease. 636 54

Serum immunoglobulin (G, A, M) levels were performed on 66 patients with non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). When compared with 30 age-matched normal controls and 32 hospitalized controls there was no significant difference between the mean IgG and IgM levels. The IgA levels were significantly higher (P less than 0.005) in the diabetic group when compared with both control groups. This is true regardless of age, sex, duration of disease, and type of treatment (insulin/diet or oral hypoglycemic agents and/or diet). Thirty-six percent of the diabetic patients' IgA levels exceeded the mean +/- 2 SD of the normal control group. There were no significant differences in immunoglobulin levels between insulin-treated and non-insulin-treated diabetic groups. Since diabetic patients may have a number of secondary diseases, attempts were made to correlate the most common of these (acute and/or chronic bacterial infections, hypertension, arteriosclerotic heart disease, and diabetic neuropathy) with elevated IgA levels. Only IgA levels of diabetic patients with infections versus diabetic patients without infections were significantly different (P less than 0.05). However, IgA levels of uninfected diabetic patients remained significantly higher than those of normal controls (P less than 0.005), hospitalized controls (P less than 0.01), and hospitalized controls with bacterial infections (P less than 0.005). Possible reasons for the isolated elevations of IgA are discussed.
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PMID:Elevation of IgA levels in the non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetic patient. 675 40

Serum IgA, IgG and IgM values in 238 normal aged subjects were compared with those in 100 normal adults. Both male and female aged subjects displayed a significant rise in IgA and a significant fall in IgM, whereas IgG values were not markedly different. It was found that IgA increased and IgM decrease by an average of 12 mg % and 10 mg % (17 mg % in the aged) per decade respectively. Values were also determines in 597 aged hospital patients and related to the disease for which they were admitted. Increases in all three Igs were noted in sclerotic cardiopathy, chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency, acute broncopneumopathy (IgA increase only in chronic forms), and gastroduodenal ulcer. Diverticulosis of the colon and acute pancreatitis, however, were accompanied by elevated IgA values only. Increases were particularly marked in chronic liver disease, less so in diseases of the gallbladder. Neoplasia was usually accompanied by higher Ig levels.
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PMID:[Determination of immunoglobulins in the aged. Normal range and changes in pathological conditions]. 735 22

1. Serum samples from patients with alcoholic heart muscle disease and from control subjects with and without heart disease who did not drink to excess were screened by Western immunoblotting for antibodies to acetaldehyde-modified cardiac cytosolic proteins. 2. Two of the 64 control samples (from subjects with and without heart disease who were not drinking and from subjects with alcoholic liver disease) had detectable (IgG) antibody to acetaldehyde-modified cardiac proteins. 3. By contrast, 7 of 21 (33%) patients with alcoholic heart muscle disease had antibodies against cyanoborohydride-stabilized, acetaldehyde-modified human cardiac cytosolic protein antigens (P < 0.001). 4. Antibodies were of IgG class in six patients and IgA class in five. The molecular sizes of the protein antigens observed ranged from 58 to 120 kDa. 5. These results suggest that a proportion of patients with alcoholic heart muscle disease develop immunogenic cardiac protein-acetaldehyde adducts. The presence of antibodies to these adducts may be a marker for the diagnosis of this heart disease, or possibly for its pathogenesis.
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PMID:Circulating antibodies to cardiac protein-acetaldehyde adducts in alcoholic heart muscle disease. 773 94

Fifty children with established congenital heart disease (CHD) were surveyed for the immune profile. Ventricular septal defect (VSD) was the commonest lesion (56%) followed by Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF; 16%), atrial septal defect (ASD; 8%), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA; 4%), transposition of great arteries (TGA; 4%), aortic stenosis (AS; 4%), and pulmonic stenosis (PS), tricuspid atresia (TA), single ventricle with pulmonic stenosis (SV with PS) and dextrocardia with ToF (2% each). Immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA and IgM) were estimated. IgG and IgA levels were significantly reduced in all children with congenital heart disease, whereas IgM levels were increased in cyanotic but unaffected in the acyanotic group. Complement C3 and C4 levels were reduced in all, more so in cyanotics. T-helper cells were decreased and T-suppressor cells were increased in all groups with congenital heart disease as compared to controls. B-cell percentage was increased in cyanotics but not affected in the acyanotics.
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PMID:Immunological profile in congenital heart disease. 789 64

The objectives were to determine levels of dental caries, plaque accumulation, gingival inflammation, knowledge of dental health practices, and oral bacterial loading of S. mutans, Lactobacillus sp., Candida sp., and salivary IgA in the mouths of children afflicted with severe congenital heart disease. A total of 60 children from the cardiac units of the Hospital for Sick Children and Guys Hospital Paediatric Department were compared with 60 case-matched control children from the Department of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, UMDS (Guys Dental School), London. Using the methodology of the World Health Organization, the decayed, missing and filled surfaces and teeth of primary (dmft) and permanent (DMFT) were compared. There were similar levels of caries in the cardiac (dmft 3.9 and DMFT 2.7) and the control (dmft 3.7 and DMFT 2.0). A significant difference was the proportion of untreated carious lesions in the cardiac group (52%) compared to the control group (32%; P < 0.001). Standard oral microbiological techniques were used to isolate S. mutans, Lactobacillus sp., Candida sp., and conventional methods for estimating salivary IgA. There was no difference between the cardiac and the control group. Children with severe congenital cardiac disease have moderately high levels of dental caries with a significantly greater amount of untreated disease. The high bacterial loading associated with high levels of bacterial dental plaque and gingivitis may put cardiac patients at unnecessary risk of developing bacterial endocarditis.
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PMID:Dental disease, caries related microflora and salivary IgA of children with severe congenital cardiac disease: an epidemiological and oral microbial survey. 878 15

Measurement of serum IgG subclass levels in 3005 patients disclosed abnormally low IgG1 levels with normal levels of the other IgG subclasses and of IgM and IgA in 119 patients, predominantly adults. Not all patients were hypogammaglobulinemic due to nonrare increases of other isotypes, mostly IgM. A familial context of immunodeficiency was frequent, more often combined than selective IgG1 deficiency. A familial association with IgG2 deficiency was found also and IgG1 replaced IgG2 deficiency in 3 cases (and succeeded to or preceded more complex IgG defects in 3 cases, whereas IgG1 deficiency was consistently found at examinations repeated in the absence of therapy in 10 additional cases). Most but not all (83.2%) patients suffered infections, generally moderate, similar to those observed in other selective IgG subclass deficiencies (IgGSD), with predominantly sinorespiratory infections. Other clinical manifestations such as atopy, congenital cardiopathy, and autoimmune diseases were already known in IgGSD but the incidence of asthma was strikingly high (one-fifth of the cases).
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PMID:Selective IgG1 deficiency. 924 52

Sera from 20 male patients with a diagnosis suggestive of myocarditis, perimyocarditis or pericarditis were found significantly more often to have specific IgA antibodies to Chlamydia pneumoniae than sera from healthy blood donors of the same age and from the same time period. A less pronounced difference in IgG titres was found between patients and blood donors, and IgM antibodies were found only in one patient. A striking variation over time in the prevalence of specific antibodies to C. pneumoniae was seen in consecutive male blood donors over a 5-year observation period. The findings were discussed and it was concluded that C. pneumoniae may be associated with inflammatory heart disease.
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PMID:Chlamydia pneumoniae and myocarditis. 925 82

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is particularly severe in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and in premature infants without BPD. Attempts to develop a vaccine against RSV have been unsuccessful. Passive immunoprophylaxis of premature infants with or without BPD using a hyperimmune human globulin against RSV (RSVIg) decreases the severity of RSV infection such that the rate of hospitalization following infection is reduced by 40%. The severity of illness among hospitalized infants is also reduced. To avoid the difficulties associated with intravenous infusion of immunoglobulins, monoclonal IgG antibodies against the fusion protein of RSV have been developed. In one trial, the antibodies were ineffective, although subsequent trials using higher doses of the antibody show more promising results. Studies of IgA monoclonal antibodies directed against RSV, which are administered in the form of nose drops, are also in progress. None of these preparations appear to be effective in the treatment of established RSV infection. Each of the preparations appeared to be safe, with one exception. Infants with cyanotic heart disease who received RSVIg had an increased risk of surgical complications, perhaps related to increases in serum viscosity as a result of receiving the hyperimmunoglobulin monthly in doses of 750 mg/kg. While definitive cost/benefit analyses are pending, RSVIg may be useful in infants and children with BPD who have current or recent oxygen requirements, as well as in certain premature infants without BPD. Recommendations on the use of RSVIg are provided.
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PMID:Respiratory syncytial virus immunoglobulin and monoclonal antibodies in the prevention and treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection. 952 2

Several researchers have investigated cellular response, and antibody response to different antigens of group A beta-haemolytic streptococci, cardiac tissues and B cell alloantigen in rheumatic fever (RF). However, immunoglobulins (Ig) which may indicate general immune status did not receive attention. This study was done in the outpatient clinic of the National Center for Control of Rheumatic Fever and Heart Diseases, Dhaka, to compare Ig levels in subjects with and without RF who have had recent group A beta-haemolytic streptococcal infections. We have recruited 44 RF cases aged 5 to 20 years, and 44 subjects without RF were randomly matched for age and sex as controls. Convalescent blood samples were used to measure antistreptolysin O and IgG, IgM, and IgA levels. The cases, as compared with the controls, had significantly higher levels of antistreptolysin O (mean 399 versus 321 IU/ml), IgG (mean 2386 versus 1885 mg/dl), IgM (mean 286 versus 222 mg/dl) and IgA (mean 258 versus 184 mg/dl). It is not clearly known why the immune response is higher in the RF cases. We have to elucidate factors responsible for higher immune response in children with RF.
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PMID:Humoral immune response in a sample of Bangladeshi children with rheumatic fever. 1102 34


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