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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Baltimore Study of Sudden Death and Myocardial Infarction was a two-year project to investigate the epidemiological, clinical and pathological characteristics of sudden death and myocardial infarction in a defined population. The incidence of sudden death was much higher in men than women for both blacks and whites. Blacks and white women had a similar incidence of transmural myocardial infarction, but white men had a much higher incidence of transmural myocardial infarction than black men. White men who died suddenly had twice as many coronary thrombi at postmortem examination than black men and a greater extent of coronary artery stenosis than the other three race-sex groups. Black men had a higher prevalence of heart weights greater than 500 grams. Women who died suddenly were more often not married and smoked more cigarettes than neighborhood controls. Nine of 39 white women who died suddenly due to ASHD had a definite prior psychiatric history. The ASHD death rates have been declining in the 45 to 64 age groups, especially for white men. However, a comparison of the 1964 and 1970-72 sudden death studies in Baltimore reveals that the same percentage of ASHD deaths were sudden unwitnessed, occurred in a hospital or had a prior history of heart disease in both time periods.
Circulation 1975 Dec
PMID:Demographic characteristics and trends in arteriosclerotic heart disease mortality: Sudden death and myocardial infarction. 118 64

A search was made for predictors of sudden cardiac death (SCD) among 197 men, age 40 to 79, who had multiphasic health checkups and experienced SCD 2 days to 5 1/2 years later (mean 18.1 months). Two age-sex-race-matched control groups, one matched and one unmatched for standard coronary risk factors, have been compared to the cases. In this ambulatory population, SCD occurred largely in persons with prior diagnosed heart disease. Standard coronary risk factors were confirmed as predictors of SCD. Predictors among other laboratory and quantitative tests include chylous serum, uric acid, hemoglobin, leukocyte count, pulse rate, diminished lung volumes, and hearing loss. Some of these had predictive value independent of standard risk factors. Pain tolerance was not related to SCD or to death in, versus out of hospital. Most of these predictors were not related to terminal symptom duration; this suggests a relationship more to the underlying atherosclerotic process than to the terminal fatal mechanism.
Circulation 1975 Dec
PMID:Predictors of sudden cardiac death. 118 69

The authors graphically studied the topographic pattern and severity of coronary arteriosclerosis in arteriosclerotic heart disease (ASHD) sudden deaths using an improved technique involving in toto removal and decalcification of the main coronary tree. The study involved 171 cases of ASHD sudden death and 154 deaths from other causes. White males were the most severely affected group. The majority of the ASHD deaths had three or four major coronary vessels showing greater than 75% luminal stenosis; single-artery disease was a rare occurence. The intra- and interarterial pattern of coronary stenosis was equally severe and diffuse, with the exception of the arteries to SA and AV nodes. No small intramyocardial blood vessel disease was evident. Severe chronic coronary stenosis was associated with a high incidence of old myocardial infarction. The anatomical and pathological pattern of coronary stenosis in ASHD deaths appears to have ominous therapeutic implications.
Circulation 1975 Dec
PMID:Arteriosclerosis of coronary arteries in sudden, unexpected deaths. 118 79

This paper offers a computer-assisted analysis of the author's experience with 234 carotid endarterectomy procedures in 188 patients. The patients' ages, sex, smoking habits, symptoms, carotid bruits, arteriographic findings and associated diseases are summarized. There were 28 operations in asymptomatic patients, 170 operations in patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIA), 35-operations in patients with a completed stroke and one operation in a patient with a stroke in evolution. After surgery, transient neurologic deficits were noted in both the asymptomatic group (two instances) and the group with TIA (5 instances); permanent neurologic deficits followed 4 operations in the TIA group (2.4% incidence). Two operative deaths occurred in the TIA group (1.2% mortality), and 10 deaths occured after operation for a completed stroke (28.6% mortality). Nine of the deaths in the completed stroke group followed operations performed less than 2 weeks after a stroke. A 100% followup was obtained, and the average period of followup was 48 months. Of the patients surviving operation, all in the asymptomatic group were judged functionally normal, 94% of the TIA group were either functionally normal or improved, 76% with a completed stroke were improved, and the patient with a stroke in evolution was unchanged. There were 69 late deaths with heart disease accounting for 58% of the deaths and stroke another 17%.
Ann Surg 1975 Dec
PMID:Carotid endarterectomy: an analysis of 234 operative cases. 119 Aug 78

The continual increase in such cardiovascular diseases as rheumatic and sclerotic cardiopathy and cardiovascular syphilis over the last 30 yr is noted. The social and economic effects of these diseases is stressed and the hope is expressed that more active and effective measures will be taken by the State, especially with respect to worthwhile and radical prophylaxis.
Minerva Med 1975 Dec 05
PMID:[Social importance of cardiovascular diseases]. 119 39

In three patients with congenital heart disease the site of atrioventricular (A-V) block was localized within the His bundle with the aid of His bundle electrograms. In one patient with first degree A-V block and normal QRS configuration, electrophysiologic studies revealed "split" His potentials. The other two patients had complete A-V block, and their His bundle electrograms revealed His spikes both proximal and distal to the site of block. One of the two patients, who had a pattern of left bundle branch block in the electrocardiogram, had surgically induced complete A-V block after repair of an ostium primum atrial septal defect. The other patient with congenital A-V block had a narrow QRS complex and, in addition to complete block within the His bundle, prolonged A-V nodal conduction time but no associated cardiac anomaly. Both patients with complete heart block required pacemaker insertion. The natural history of intra-H-is bundle block is not known, and it is difficult to recommend appropriate therapy. More electrophysiologic studies are needed in patients with A-V block to determine the prognostic significance of such block or conduction delay in the His bundle.
Am J Cardiol 1975 Dec
PMID:Congenital and surgical atrioventricular block within the His bundle. 119 47

It has been observed that among men of Japanese ancestry, there is a gradient in CHD mortality increasing from Japan to Hawaii to California. A study of 11,900 Japanese men in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan, Honolulu, Hawaii, and the San Francisco Bay Area of California has been conducted to investigate this disease difference. This paper describes the selection of the study populations and their age distributions, and outlines the study methods. This paper also introduces and briefly summarizes four papers that give the results for mortality comparisons, biochemical and blood pressure distributions and results for heart disease prevalence among the three cohorts.
Am J Epidemiol 1975 Dec
PMID:Epidemiologic studies of coronary heart disease and stroke in Japanese men living in Japan, Hawaii and California: introduction. 120 49

1. Nine paatients with clinically unimportant heart disease or benign essential hypertension were given frusemide intravenously during right-heart catheterization. 2. Pressures in both atria decreased rapidly and in parallel. The magnitude of the pressure decrease was clearly related to decrease in plasma volume loss. 3. Plasma renin activity increased significantly after 5 min (P less than 0-01), but did not correlate with plasma volume loss. 4. Venous tone in the forearm was unchanged. 5. It is concluded that the pressure reduction was secondary to plasma volume depletion through diuresis and that increased plasma renin activity was mainly caused by intrarenal changes.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1975 Dec
PMID:The early effects of intravenous frusemide on central haemodynamics, venous tone and plasma renin activity. 120 85

Four hundred and sixteen patients with documented arteriosclerotic heart disease (ASHD) underwent 424 diagnostic and therapeutic surgical procedures during the year 1970 at the Henry Ford Hospital. They were classified according to the specific clinical manifestation of their cardiac abnormality. Patients with a history of old, well-compensated myocardial infarction, and those with cardiac arrhythmia, bundle-branch block, congestive heart failure and A-V block (pacemaker-protected) but no evidence of previous myocardial infarction fared almost as well as subjects of the same age without cardiac disease, and were considered to run the lowest operative risk. Patients with angina, especially if there was a history of infarction, were an intermediate risk in terms of complications and mortality. Patients with a history of previous infarction complicated at the time of the surgical procedure by arrhythmia, A-V block, bundle-branch block, or congestive heart failure were in the "highest risk" category. A severe A-V block indicated the need for insertion of a "prophylactic" pacemaker before any attempt at a diagnostic or therapeutic procedure. No patient with clinical or electrocardiographic evidence of a recent infarction (less than three months' duration) should undergo any elective surgical procedure under any form of anesthesia unless the surgeon is prepared for a high mortality rate that may approach 90 percent. In contrast, the patient with old, well-compensated myocardial infarction and no evidence of dysrhythmia, block or congestive failure can tolerate even a major surgical operation under any form of anesthesia extremely well.
J Am Geriatr Soc 1975 Dec
PMID:Operative and nonoperative risks in the cardiac patient. 120 86

As a result of findings of an earlier report in this series, this study examines the updated cause-specific mortality of men employed in the sheet and tin mill areas of the steel industry. In order to investigate possible relationships between occupational responsibilities or exposures and mortality from specific causes, the sheet and tin mills have been subdivided into 13 mutually exclusive work areas. Detailed analysis is limited primarily to white workers due to the small number of nonwhites in these areas. The most important observations are: 1. Increased overall mortality appears for men employed in 1953 in the sheet finishing and shipping area, confirming the findings of Lloyd, et al. The earlier observation of a significant excess in deaths from vascular lesions of the central nervous system does not hold over time. The previously noted excess for this cause may be related to selective factors or an extreme chance observation. The excess in mortality from all causes of death, which occurs over several disease categories, may not be a result of occupational exposures, but rather some selectivity. 2. Significant excesses in mortality from arteriosclerotic heart disease are noted among men employed in batch pickling and sheet dryer operations, which is in agreement with the earlier findings. Increased risks of dying from hypertensive heart disease are seen in the coating area. 3. Cancer of the lymphatic and hematopoietic tissues is found to be a significant source of excess mortality for workers in the heat treating and forging and tin finishing and shipping work areas. 4. Steelworkers employed in the annealing-normalizing work area show an excess in deaths from nonmalignant respiratory diseases, primarily pneumonia. Further study in these areas should attempt to investigate whether factors in the work environment may be responsible for the observed excess mortalities. More specifically, work should be done to find out whether men employed in heat treating and forging and tin finishing and shipping work in close proximity to chemicals or radiation exposure and whether workers employed in the annealing-normalizing area are exposed to any kind of oil, vapor, or chemical which might be irritating or infectious to the respiratory system. A similar analysis for men working in the batch pickling and sheet dryers and coating areas would also be worthwhile. The main emphasis of any future study should lie upon investigating whether the observed excess mortalities are due to any environmental factor, selection for health, or random fluctuation.
J Occup Med 1975 Dec
PMID:Long-term mortality study of steelworkers. IX. Mortality patterns among sheet and tin mill workers. 120 43


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