Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case-control study on stroke was carried out in 1985 in conjunction with a prevalence survey on neurologic disorders in 22 rural communities of the People's Republic of China. 585 cases of stroke, detected from the survey, together with an equal number of matched controls were investigated. The statistically significant factors associated with stroke in this study were: hypertension (history, findings at examination); high salt intake; family member(s) with cerebrovascular disease and/or hypertension; heart disease (history, abnormal findings at examination); history of transient ischemic attacks, and arteriosclerotic funduscopic findings. These factors were analyzed separately for hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes.
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PMID:Risk factors for stroke in rural areas of the People's Republic of China: results of a case-control study. 233 24

Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid), well known for its role in bile salt synthesis, is also involved in a number of crucial physiological processes including modulation of calcium flux and neuronal excitability, osmoregulation, detoxification, and membrane stabilization. With the exception of cow's milk, taurine is widely distributed in foods from many animal, but not plant, sources. Although taurine is synthesized from sulfur-containing amino acids, concern has been expressed about the adequacy of endogenous sources, especially in neonates. Accordingly, proprietary milk formulas are now supplemented with taurine. Retinal dysfunction occurs in taurine-deficient animals. A milder form of this condition has been observed in children on long-term total parenteral nutrition. Preliminary evidence suggests a possible role for taurine administration in congestive heart disease, acute hepatitis, cystic fibrosis, and myotonia. Further studies are required before taurine can be routinely advocated for use in these and other disorders. Recent discoveries concerning taurine's role in cellular proliferation and membrane protection underscore its physiological significance. In this context, taurine's interaction with other nutrients, biochemicals, and xenobiotics warrants extensive exploration. As a conditionally essential nutrient, taurine has several important preventive medical applications.
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PMID:Taurine: an overview of its role in preventive medicine. 249 6

Two cases of congestive heart failure in diabetic females are reported. One patient had moderate hypertension. Echography and angiography revealed a low-output dilated cardiopathy and ruled out the possibility of coronary artery stenosis and thin amyloid deposits were found in one patient. The evolution was favorable with a low-salt diet, associated with diuretic and vasodilator treatments. These case reports confirm the existence of a diabetic myocardiopathy, which may lead to congestive heart failure. They justify a complete hemodynamic analysis and a histopathological evaluation of the myocardium when this complication occurs.
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PMID:[Value of endomyocardial biopsy in congestive heart failure in diabetics without coronary disease]. 262 64

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between life style factors and adult disease for Chinese living in Japan. The mortalities of major cancers and other major diseases of Chinese in Japan were compared with those of Japanese by calculating Standardized Mortality Ratios (SMR) for the Chinese using death rates in the Japanese population the standard. The life style data on smoking, drinking and dietary habits for Chinese in Japan were collected by self-administered questionnaire surveys, and age-adjusted proportions were calculated with the truncated world population as the standard. Then the corrected indexes on life style for Chinese in Japan were compared with those of Japanese. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The mortality rates of heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disease, liver cirrhosis, rectum cancer, liver cancer (both sexes), lung cancer (females), breast cancer and cerebrovascular disease (females) for Chinese in Japan were higher than those for Japanese, but the rates of stomach cancer, pancreas cancer (both sexes), uterus cancer (females) and cerebrovascular disease (males) were lower than those for Japanese. 2. The prevalence of current smokers for Chinese males in Japan was lower than that of Japanese, and that of females was higher than that of Japanese. The prevalence of non-smokers for Chinese males was higher than that of Japanese, and that of females was lower than that of Japanese. 3. Although the prevalence of regular drinkers for Chinese of both sexes in Japan were lower than that of Japanese, the prevalence of heavy drinkers who drank over 80 ml of ethanol every day for Chinese males was higher than that of Japanese males. 4. Significant differences were not found in the prevalences of frequent consumers of meat, milk, eggs, fish, other vegetables and food using oil between cooks and non-cooks of Chinese of both sexes in Japan. 5. The age-adjusted prevalences of frequent meat and milk consumers for Chinese in Japan were higher than those of Japanese in both sexes, but those of frequent pickled vegetable and MISO soup consumers were lower than those of Japanese. The dietary pattern of Chinese in Japan was different from that of Japanese with intakes of much fat and less salt. 6. It is assumed that the mortalities due to adult disease for Chinese in Japan are related to their heavy drinking and to their dietary habits.
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PMID:[A socio-medical study of adult diseases related to the life style of Chinese in Japan]. 263 81

Diet is a component in the etiology of the two major causes of death in the United States, namely, cardiovascular disease and cancer. During the last decade, various organizations have suggested that we alter the "typical" American diet in order to decrease the incidence of these diseases even though both diseases are indisputably of multiple etiology. An implication behind these recommendations is that individuals will increase their longevity by changing their diets. The burden of proof falls on those proposing changes to the diet that such alterations will be safe and effective. In spite of our often indicted diet, mortality from heart disease and stroke continue to fall and deaths from diet-related cancers are static or dropping. Longevity in the U.S. is exceeded by only five countries, whose populations consume a diet similar to ours in four, and that in the fifth is approaching ours. While low-fat high-fiber diets probably have some beneficial effect vis-a-vis chronic diseases, it is likely that other risk factors contribute more to the total risk of disease. Therefore, it is illogical to expect dietary manipulation to offset significantly other concurrent risks such as heredity, tobacco use, hypertension, and obesity. Individuals who are at high risk for specific diseases should modify their diets to minimize this particular risk factor. Most Americans can safely reduce their intake of total calories, fat, sugar, and salt. Although this can be achieved most readily on a population basis by following a form of "prudent" diet, it is premature to promise medical benefits to individuals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The Western diet: an examination of its relationship with chronic disease. 302 70

Postinfection sera from A.CA/SnJ A.SW/SnJ, B10.S/SgSf, and B10.PL/SgSf mouse strains which varied in their susceptibility to Coxsackievirus B3-induced immunopathology were suspected to contain autoantibodies against cardiac tissue. These sera were used to identify the target myocardial autoantigen(s). Sera pools were made during the peak of the early, virus-induced myocarditis at 5 and 7 days and during the peak of the late, immunopathic phase of myocarditis at Days 15 and 21 after infection. Only the A.CA/SnJ and A.SW/SnJ strains which develop the immunopathic heart disease had heart-specific autoantibodies as determined by indirect immunofluorescence. This panel of sera pools was then tested against solubilized extracts from whole heart and skeletal muscles. Results from Western immunoblotting analyses demonstrated that antibodies to myosin were a prominent feature in the sera of strains which developed immunopathic myocarditis. The immunopathic sera pools were subsequently assayed against low-salt, high-salt, and a number of detergent extracts of heart and skeletal muscle. Anti-myosin was still the most notable reactivity, even though other autoantigens were detected. Absorption with cardiac myosin removed the vast majority of heart reactivity from the pooled sera derived from the A.CA/SnJ and A.SW/SnJ strains as determined within the limitations of the immunofluorescent and immunochemical assays. Both sarcolemmal and A-band staining patterns were abolished by the cardiac myosin absorption. These studies suggest that myosin is one of the major autoantigens in Coxsackievirus B3-induced autoimmune myocarditis.
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PMID:Heart-specific autoantibodies induced by Coxsackievirus B3: identification of heart autoantigens. 303 May 91

Experimental and clinical experience with compounds containing antimony have shown that the trivalent compounds are generally more toxic than the pentavalent ones. APT can cause severe pain and tissue necrosis and is therefore not given by intramuscular or subcutaneous injection. APT has the actions and uses of AST, but it is less soluble and more irritating than the sodium salt which is therefore more suitable for intravenous use. Trivalent antimony compounds are toxic when used topically. Adverse effects are similar for all trivalent compounds, and include nausea, vomiting, weakness and myalgia, abdominal colic, diarrhoea, and skin rashes, including pustular eruptions. Hypersensitivity reactions also occur. Respiratory symptoms include cough, dyspnoea, and chronic lung changes. Cardiotoxicity is the most important and may produce arrhythmias, myocardial depression and damage, Stokes-Adams attacks, heart failure, and cardiac arrest. Hepatic damage and necrosis, as well as blood dyscrasias, may occur. Toxic effects on the kidney may follow chronic use. Continuous treatment with small doses of antimony may give rise to symptoms of subacute poisoning, similar to those of chronic arsenic poisoning, due to accumulation of antimony in the body, especially if trivalent compounds are used, because of their long biological half-lives. Reproductive disorders and chromosome damage have been reported; antimony compounds are, therefore, potentially toxic to reproduction and have mutagenic, and oncogenic potential. Antimony compounds should, therefore, not be used during pregnancy or in the presence of hepatic, renal, or heart disease. Pentavalent antimony preparations especially the organic compounds, together with non-metallic synthetic preparations, such as the diamidines, have now replaced APT for use in leishmaniasis. Because of the toxicity of antimony compounds, investigations have been undertaken to reduce their adverse effects by combining them with chelating agents. These preparations appear to have reduced the toxic effects of antimony without affecting the efficacy of the preparations. Liposome-encapsulated antimony products have, more recently, been shown to be much less toxic because of the reduced dose of the antimony compound required for effective therapy. The historical uses of antimony were based on the belief that the topical and systemic adverse effects, for example, skin eruptions and diarrhoea and vomiting, were signs that the condition being treated was responding by being brought to the surface to relieve congestion at the diseased area. There is no evidence in topical use, but there is evidence that such use can cause severe reactions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Toxicity of antimony and its compounds. 330 36

Mammalian cell membranes are much more sensitive to changes in serum ion concentrations than they are to serum cholesterol. Because of this, arterial cells function normally only in a very narrow range of serum ion concentrations. Unfortunately, new introductions into the food supply have been made in the diet since 1920 which may perturb the delicate relationships between arterial cell membranes and the blood serum to which they are exposed. For example, powerful surface active agents are used to emulsify fats in a host of popular food items. None of them have been adequately tested for their possible role in changing phospholipid head group composition of arterial or myocardial cell membranes. Ocean salt has been replaced by refined table salt removing a rich source of magnesium from the diet of Northern Europeans and Americans. Excessive amounts of Vitamin D, which may calcify soft tissue, have been added to the diet as a means of preventing a disease that does not develop in babies exposed to sunshine. The introduction of hydrogenated vegetable oil to the diet has helped to stimulate per capita fat consumption to almost twice the level of 1920. How the introduction of such technology has changed arterial cell membrane structure or function has not been considered. It is now possible to consider the influence of this technology on the food supply by the application of modern genetic engineering methods. The application of this type of methodology in the study of cholesterol metabolism and its role in atherosclerosis may help to find means of preventing heart disease and strokes.
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PMID:Serum factors which alter cell membranes. 331 Oct 13

Peripartum heart disease is reviewed in the light of reports in the literature and personal experience from the University College Hospital, Ibadan. It is concluded that it is worldwide in distribution but appears most commonly in multiparous black women with a low socioeconomic background. The clinical features are the same as those of dilated cardiomyopathy, with the exception of cases from Zaria, northern Nigeria, where heart failure may be induced by high salt and fluid intake. The possible causes of peripartum heart disease are reviewed. Glomerulonephritis, toxemia of pregnancy, and malnutrition have not been shown convincingly to be causal, and infection, hypertension, and alcoholism have been suggested. Hypertensive heart failure and toxemia of pregnancy can induce peripartum heart disease. It is concluded that the myocardial disorder in peripartum heart disease is probably the same condition as dilated cardiomyopathy, and that infection may be an important element. However, diverse other factors may also play a part.
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PMID:Peripartum heart disease. 384 85

Fourteen infants with congenital heart disease were investigated for failure to thrive. Assessment of intestinal function revealed minor absorptive abnormalities (mild steatorrhea in three patients, bile salt loss in four patients), delayed gastric emptying, and abnormal triglyceride loading tests. Low caloric intake (88.3 +/- 19.3 kcal/kg/day) seemed the main reason for failure to gain weight. Weight accession and cardiorespiratory rates were monitored daily during voluntary intake, a high-caloric diet by mouth, and nasogastric tube feeding. Providing 169 +/- 29 kcal/kg/day by tube resulted in weight gain with mild and transient elevation of respiratory rate at the end of the meal and increased heart rate 90 min after the meal. This regimen is a metabolically inexpensive and efficient method of supporting weight gain in children with congenital heart disease.
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PMID:Assessment of intestinal and cardiorespiratory function in children with congenital heart disease on high-caloric formulas. 404 36


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