Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The concentration of brain type creatine kinase (CK-BB) was measured in blood from the internal jugular vein in 32 children (less than 1 year old) with congenital heart disease. In transposition of the great arteries the CK-BB levels were significantly higher than in children without cyanosis (10.1 +/- 4.1 vs. 3.0 +/- 0.5 ng/ml). A negative correlation was found for CK-BB concentration and arterial oxygen saturation (r = -0.41, p less than 0.02 for all children and r = -0.62, p less than 0.05 for those with tetralogy of Fallot). It is suggested that the increased CK-BB levels in the blood of cyanotic children reflect chronic cerebral hypoxia, which may explain other reports of reduced psycho-intellectual function in patients with cyanotic heart disease.
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PMID:Brain type creatine kinase in relation to oxygen desaturation in the blood of children with congenital heart disease. 235 87

Catheter electrical ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) was attempted in 31 patients (57 +/- 15 years) who had refractory recurrent VT. Fifteen patients had coronary artery disease, seven had arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, four had cardiomyopathy and five had no structural heart disease. Ten patients were NYHA class III-IV. Ten patients experienced cardiac arrest or syncope during VT. Twenty-two patients had only one documented morphologic type of spontaneous VT. Whereas nine patients had more than one: the VT was incessant or daily in 17 patients. One to 16 shocks (mean 5.6) of 160 to 240 joules each (1162 +/- 1060 joules) were delivered to the endocardial exit site of VT--as identified by endocardial activation mapping (29 patients) and pacemapping (31 patients)--during one (22 patients) or more than one session (nine patients). Cumulative delivered energy was 840 +/- 558 joules for right ventricular VT (11 patients) and 1362 +/- 1240 joules for left ventricular VT (20 patients). Reversible side effects occurring immediately after shocks included: nonclinical VT (two patients), ventricular fibrillation (two patients), AV block (three patients). Mean CK-MB fraction 6 hours after shocks was 91 +/- 46 IU/1. An electrophysiology study performed 7 to 10 days later demonstrated that the original clinical VT was inducible in seven patients, nonclinical monomorphic VT was inducible in eight patients and no VT was inducible in 13 patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Fulguration of ventricular tachycardia using high cumulative energy: results in thirty-one patients with a mean follow-up of twenty-seven months. 246 59

To investigate biochemical characteristics of hypertrophic myocardium of young and adult humans, we analysed myocardial biopsies obtained from 28 mainly young patients undergoing cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease and 41 autopsied hearts from 18 adult normal and 23 hypertrophic human subjects. Myocardial activities of the enzymes creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase were independent of age during childhood, but decreased significantly with hypertrophy at adult age. Myocyte nuclei showed increased polyploidization during childhood which was progressive with age, and in the adult stage polyploidization was correlated with heart weight. Nevertheless myocardial DNA concentration fell under both conditions, which is to be ascribed to the 'diluting' effect of myocyte hypertrophy. Before an age of 8 years DNA concentration in the child heart material studied has reached the value found in adult nonhypertrophic hearts, although at that time polyploidization of myocyte nuclei in child hearts was only half the value found in adult non-hypertrophic hearts. Biochemical measurement of DNA concentration in peroperatively taken myocardial biopsies may contribute to the in vivo diagnosis of ventricular hypertrophy in quantitative terms, in combination with radiology, echocardiography and histology.
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PMID:Myocardial (iso)enzyme activities, DNA concentration and nuclear polyploidy in hearts of patients operated upon for congenital heart disease, and in normal and hypertrophic adult human hearts at autopsy. 252 96

This study investigates the influence of inadequate oxygen supply on CK and CK-MB release rate in congenital cyanotic heart disease in fourteen patients. Eleven patients had Tetralogy of Fallot and 3 Transposition of great vessels. Their age ranged between 10 days and 10 years (mean 50.48 +/- 31.82 months). The corrective repair was carried out under CPB with systemic hypothermia (20 degrees-25 degrees C) and intermittent St. Thomas Cardioplegia perfusion in the aortic root until the septal temperature was below 16 degrees C. Three blood samples were taken before, during and 10 minutes after CPB to quantitate the CK and CK-MB. In 6 cases of Fallot, two simultaneous biopsies, one from the right and another from the left ventricular walls were taken at the end of the 10 first minutes of reperfusion to evaluate the ATP, CP and glycogen contents. CK and CK-MB levels showed an increasing evolution; the CK-MB per cent increased sharply after aortic clamp release and then fell abruptly to low values at the 10th minute after CPB arrest. Comparative evaluation between the 3 values for C K showed significant differences (P less than 0.001) in all, except when the first values were compared to the second (P greater than 0.05) and for CK-MB an overall significant differences were found at P less than 0.025 and P less than 0.001. On the other hand, quantification of ATP, CP and glycogen contents from simultaneous biopsies from the left and the right ventricular walls did not demonstrate significant differences between the two ventricles after the ischemic period.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Profile of creatine phosphokinase (CK) and its isoenzyme MB (CK-MB) during corrective procedures of congenital cyanotic heart disease. 274 16

The biochemical diagnosis of myocardial infarction is mainly based on assays of serum enzymes. The most commonly used markers are creatine kinase, lactic dehydrogenase and aspartate amino-transferase. They are useful to diagnose the infarction, determine its time of onset and evaluate its importance. Changes in concentration of these enzymes are measured during their release from cells, their diffusion and their elimination in order to establish their characteristic profile in the acute phase of the disease. The diagnostic value and contribution to the prognosis of these tests are detailed. Heart diseases other than myocardial infarction, and other diseases in which serum levels are raised are described. The other laboratory abnormalities associated with myocardial infarction are listed.
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PMID:[Biological diagnosis of myocardial infarction]. 296 89

We compare a "second-generation" immunoenzymometric assay (Tandem-E CKMB II) for creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2) MB with its electrophoretic (Beckman Paragon system) determination. In the former, two monoclonal antibodies are directed against the B and M subunits. We evaluated 502 samples from 253 patients. Precision, linearity, and analytical recovery for both assays were excellent. The two methods correlated well (r = 0.936). The reference interval for individuals with no suspected cardiac disorder was 0-6.0 micrograms/L; that for non-infarct patients was 0-18.0 micrograms/L. Peak CK-MB values determined by the two assays agreed for 95% of the patients, in terms of exceeding the normal reference interval or not. Diagnostic efficiencies were 86% (Tandem) and 88% (electrophoresis). The immunoenzymometric assay showed no cross reaction with other CK isoenzymes. Both assay methods performed well in detecting CK-MB, although there were some false positives by both methods, as judged from electrocardiographic results. When total CK for the Tandem assay exceeds 2000 U/L, we recommend calculation of a ratio (CK-MB, micrograms/L:total CK, U/L).
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PMID:Immunoenzymometric assay of creatine kinase with monoclonal antibodies to the MB isoenzyme compared with electrophoresis. 265 4

Myocardial activities of several enzymes were measured in infarcted and non-infarcted areas of heart sections obtained from eight patients who died after acute myocardial infarction. Similar data were obtained from four patients with cardiovascular disorders who died from causes other than myocardial infarction and from six patients without previously known heart disease. It was found that both non-infarcted and infarcted tissue samples contained considerably altered enzyme activities. This finding explains the low correlations between enzymatic and histological estimates of infarct size previously reported. However, when the residual myocardial activities of different enzymes were compared with each other, a close correlation was found between creatine kinase, alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, and aspartate aminotransferase. It appears that the pathological changes in the myocardial activities of these enzymes may be explained by the phenomenon of diluted myocardium. This indicates that myocardial injury, as estimated from plasma enzyme activities, may still be expressed meaningfully in gram equivalents of healthy myocardium.
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PMID:Myocardial enzyme depletion in infarcted human hearts: infarct size and equivalent tissue mass. 324 32

Although electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities and autopsy evidence of myocardial necrosis are associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage, their relation to in vivo measures of left ventricular function in this condition has not been established. Thirteen patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage and no prior history of heart disease were studied by two-dimensional echocardiography, performed initially 10 to 48 h (mean 18) after admission and serially for less than or equal to 14 days. Serum creatine kinase (total and myocardial isoenzyme) was determined 5 times over the first 48 h; ECGs were performed daily. Neurologic state was assessed with the use of a standard grading system. Four patients (Group I) exhibited left ventricular wall motion abnormalities in one to eight segments. In two of these patients there was also left ventricular apical mural thrombus that embolized in one patient, leading to further neurologic deterioration. The initial creatine kinase myocardial isoenzyme was higher in Group I than in Group II (patients without wall motion abnormalities) (10.3 versus 2.1 U/liter, p less than 0.001), initial heart rate was higher (91 versus 61 beats/min, p less than 0.01), neurologic grade was higher (2.5 to 4.5 versus 1 to 2, p less than 0.001) and inverted T waves were more common (4 of 4 versus 1 of 9). Three of the four patients in Group I died; two of the three underwent autopsy and were found to have no significant coronary artery disease. No other patients died.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Left ventricular wall motion abnormalities in subarachnoid hemorrhage: an echocardiographic study. 340 18

Right ventricular infarction due to ischemic heart disease can be diagnosed by a right precordial electrogram or by first-pass radionuclide angiography (FPRNA). Prior FPRNA studies have shown that cardiac dysfunction after blunt chest trauma (myocardial contusion) is most often due to right ventricular dysfunction. We hypothesized that right ventricular dysfunction due to ischemic heart disease and myocardial contusion should produce similar ECG changes due to myocyte disruption. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of the right precordial electrogram in suspected cardiac contusion. Thirty-five patients with suspected myocardial contusion based on mechanism of injury/clinical findings and no history of clinical heart disease were enrolled prospectively. All patients had conventional ECG, right precordial electrogram, and FPRNA studies. Twenty patients had normal cardiac scans (group 1); percentage of myocardial creatine kinase (CK-MB) was measured in 12 of these patients and was less than 5% in 11. Fifteen patients had abnormal cardiac scans (wall motion abnormality and/or decreased right ventricular ejection fraction) (mean, 34% +/- 7% [SD]; normal, greater than 40%) (group 2); percentage of CK-MB was measured in 13 of 15 patients and was less than 5% in all 13. Conventional ECGs and right precordial electrograms in all patients were analyzed for differences in heart rate, PR interval, QRS duration, corrected QT interval, and the axis of the frontal and horizontal plane QRS complex and ST segment. There were no significant differences between group 1 and group 2 patients. No patient with myocardial contusion diagnosed by FPRNA had elevated ST segments in V4R through V6R or a percentage CK-MB of more than 5%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Conventional and right precordial ECGs, creatine kinase, and radionuclide angiography in post-traumatic ventricular dysfunction. 341 60

The activity of creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase B(CK-B) was measured in 17 patients with injuries to multiple organ systems, including the chest. The patients were closely observed for clinical signs of disturbed cardiac function by means of serial ECG, continuous monitoring of cardiac rhythm, daily cardiac auscultation, serial chest roentgenography and monitoring of central hemodynamic parameters. No statistically significant difference in CK and CK-B activity was found between the group of patients with normal cardiac function and the group with disturbed cardiac function. The CK-B activity was markedly elevated, but CK-B activity relative to CK activity was normal in both groups during the first 7 days after the trauma. The authors conclude that the significance of these enzymes' serum activity, measured with the immunoinhibition method, is diagnostically doubtful not only as regards cardiac contusions, but also in other cardiopathy preceding or following major trauma.
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PMID:Comparisons between CK-B and other clinical indicators of cardiac contusion following multiple trauma. 370 4


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