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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twelve arrhythmias that occurred in conjunction with surgery for congenital heart disease were studied in a group of 38 randomly selected patients. Halothane was used for anaesthesia and procaine-magnesium-aspartate solution for cardiac arrest. Registration and analysis of rhythm disturbances were carried out at 10 different time points, spaced narrowly in the intra- and early postoperative phases, then more widely up to the 96th hour of observation. Arrhythmic incidence per case and occurrence per case and phase are given, thereby also allowing an account of transient arrhythmias. The peak occurrence of intra-operative rhythm disturbances was found at about the time of aortic cross-clamping and release (ischaemia and halothane effect). A decline in arrhythmic incidence in the 1st-6th post-bypass hours was followed by a 2nd peak in the 6th-23rd postoperative hours (electrolyte and acid-base disturbances and/or a digitalis effect). All 12 arrhythmia types of the cardiopulmonary bypass group, as well as the separately considered ventricular arrhythmias of the first "arrhythmia peak", did not reveal any significant relation to: patients' age, total anaesthesia time, total surgery time and total bypass time. It is recognized that any comparative evaluation of operative arrhythmias, and especially a study of the causes and development of "surgically induced" A-V block, is problematic.
Scand J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1976
PMID:Long-term observation of cardiac arrhythmias during and after cardiac surgery. II. Congenital heart disease. 95 87

A new arterial prosthesis made of polytetrafluoroethylene (OTFE) was evaluated in 10 infants with complex cyanotic congenital heart disease. All grafts used were 4 mm. in diameter and varied in length from 0.8 to 6 cm. The grafts were anastomosed to the main pulmonary artery or its bifurcation in 8 infants and to the right and left pulmonary arteries in one each. There were two early deaths, one of which was related to shunt failure. The advantages of a shunt to the main pulmonary artery are obvious, and the intraoperative procedure is facilitated with the prosthesis. Follow-up averages 9 months in the 8 survivors, and the patients have nearly doubled their preoperative weight. A shunt murmur is present in each case and the children have mild-to-moderate cyanosis at rest. Repeat aortograms in 2 patients, 8 and 10 months postoperatively, show a smooth graft without luminal narrowing. The aortic oxygen saturations were 73 per cent. The PTFE graft and/or anastomoses will not grow with the growth of the child and therefore may not accommodate growth by increased flow. This may prove to be a limiting factor in its long-term use in fants. We reserve the use of these grafts for infants with complex cyanotic defects undergoing emergency surgery or in older children in whom a conventional shunt is not possible or a previous shunt has failed.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1976 Sep
PMID:Arterial prosthesis of microporous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene for construction of aorta-pulmonary shunts. 95 53

Sixteen of 994 patients with arteriosclerotic heart disease and dominant right coronary arteries had isolated left circumflex obstruction. Of these, 6 patients had significant (75%) narrowing in the main circumflex, 10 in 1 or the marginal branches and 1 in the atrioventricular groove branch. Angina was mild in 5, moderate to severe in 8, and unstable in 1. Four patients had prior myocardial infarction (MI), and 1 had a recent MI complicated by posterior papillary muscle rupture. The EKG was normal in 5, showed an MI in 2, LBBB in 1, RBBB in 2, ST-T wave changes in 3, LVH in 2, and atrial fibrillation in 2. Left ventricular angiography performed in the right anterior oblique projection revealed normal contraction in 9 patients, apical hypokinesis in 4, posterobasal hypokinesis in 1, and diffuse hypokinesis in 2. The left ventribular end diastolic pressure was normal in 11 patients and elevated in 5. The cardiac index was normal in 12 patients and reduced in 2. Isolated, nondominant, left circumflex coronary disease is an uncommon entity in symptomatic patients. However, when present, it may produce significant clinical and hemodynamic impairment.
Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn 1976
PMID:The clinical and angiographic spectrum of isolated, nondominant, left circumflex coronary disease. 99 Dec 64

Three patients with the rare association of secundum ASD and congenital clefts of A-V valves are reported. These three patients illustrate the predictive valve of vectoracardiographic analysis in precisely determining the anatomic location of the valvular pathology. The embryologic origins of the lesion are briefly discussed. A review of the literature supports the use of vector analysis in the evaluation of the patients with this type of heart disease.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1976 Dec
PMID:Congenitally cleft atrioventricular valves associated with secundum atrial septal defects. 99 42

This report reviews morphologic aspects of pericardial heart disease. A morphologic classification for this condition is presented. An ideal classification of pericardial heart disease obviously would take into account clinical, etiologic and morphologic features of this condition but a single classification combining these three components is lacking. Pericardial heart disease is relatively uncommon clinically, and when present at necropsy it usually had not been recognized during life. The term "pericarditis" is inaccurate because most pericardial diseases are noninflammatory in nature. Morphologically chronic pericardial heart disease may present clinically as an acute illness. Even when clinical symptoms are present, however, few patients develop evidence of cardiac dysfunction (constriction). When pericardial constriction occurs, it is the result of increased pericardial fluid or increased pericardial tissue or both. Increased fluid is treated by drainage; increased tissue is treated by excision. In most patients with chronic constrictive pericarditis the etiology is not apparent even after histologic examination of pericardia.
Cardiovasc Clin 1976
PMID:Pericardial heart disease: a study of its causes, consequences, and morphologic features. 100 May 31

It has been demonstrated that echocardiography is a useful and accurate noninvasive technique for the study of congenital cardiovascular diseases. This method provides significant information in that invasive cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography can be planned with greater facility. This is especially important in severely ill babies in whom invasive diagnostic methods are risky. It is particularly attractive in neonates in whom the clinical differentiation of lethal heart disease from septic shock is difficult, since in the latter situation the echographic findings are normal.
Cardiovasc Clin 1975
PMID:Echocardiography in congenital heart disease. 110 Feb 36

Cardioplegia according to Bretschneider is able to protect the myocardium during long periods of cardiac arrest and a quiet relaxed heart has in many cases of congenital heart disease been of great surgical advantage. In the last 100 consecutive aortic valve replacements in cardioplegic arrest we have lost 6 patients and none of the deaths seems to be related to the method. In our hands it has been superior to coronary perfusion.
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino)
PMID:Cardioplegic cardiac arrest in aortic surgery. 115 Jul 35

Preliminary experience with a new flow-directed pediatric angiography catheter in 35 infants indicates that catheterization of all cardiac chambers and both great vessels can be accomplished without risk of perforation or major arrhythmia. Antegrade access to the aorta from the left ventricle via the foramen ovale reduced the need for retrograde arterial catheterization. The maneuverability of this balloon-tipped catheter coupled with the ability to perform safely selective angiography at any site entered establishes a unique advantage over standard cardiac catheters now in use. The success with this catheter in performing right and left heart studies and the safety in its use promise to significantly reduce the risk of mechanical and angiographic accidents during the intracardiac investigation of critically ill infants with congenital heart disease.
Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn 1975
PMID:Cardiac catheterization and selective angiography in infants with a new flow-directed catheter. 122 8

Reconstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract with an aortic homograft conduit was performed in 75 patients from 1966 to 1974. The types of congenital heart disease were as follows: pulmonary atresia, 35 cases; severe tetralogy of Fallot, 22 cases; truncus arteriosus, 6 cases; transposition of the great arteries (TGA), 3 cases; single ventricle, 2 cases; and tricuspid atresia, 7 cases. Ninety per cent of the patients had one or more previous shunts, and this was a factor affecting the mortality rate. Other factors included age, pulmonary vascular resistance, surgical anatomy, and technical problems such as bleeding, prolonged bypass, coronary artery injury, and compression of the conduit by the sternum. Our present approach is to avoid shunts, define the anatomy precisely by angiography, and to attempt total correction when severe hypoxia or effort intolerance occurs or before increased pulmonary vascular resistance develops.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1976 Jan
PMID:Reconstruction of right ventricular outflow tract with a valved conduit in 75 cases of congenital heart disease. 124 45

The clinical, hemodynamic, and surgical findings encountered in the management of a hypoxic male infant with a rare and complex variety of cyanotic congenital heart disease associated with inadequate pulmonary blood flow are described. A poor clinical response to creation of a Blalock-Taussig anastomosis led to the discovery of mitral atresia complicated by premature closure of the foramen ovale and partially relieved by the presence of a levoatriocardinal vein. The subsequent creation of an atrial septal defect enhanced the function of the subclavian artery to pulmonary artery anastomosis and provided palliative relief of hypoxia. Some of the clinical and laboratory findings indicating the presence of additional lesions complicating the picture of a tetralogy of Fallot and requiring additional surgical considerations are discussed. The experience indicates that hemodynamic as well as surgical causes may explain the failure of a systemic artery to pulmonary artery anastomosis to function adequately and should be sought.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1976 Jan
PMID:Mitral atresia with premature closure of foramen ovale. A rare hemodynamic cause for failure of Blalock-Taussig anastomosis to relieve inadequate pulmonary blood flow. 124 47


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