Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Pediatric Oncology Group compared two regimens that employed involved field radiotherapy 3,500 rad and either MOPP + Bleo or A-COPP chemotherapy, given in a sandwich fashion, as treatments for stage III Hodgkin's disease in children under the age of 18 years. Eighty-four surgically staged children from the United States and Mexico who had been randomly assigned to treatment during the period from July 1976 through October 1982 were evaluated. Unfavorable disease characteristics were distributed equally between the treatment groups. The percentages of children achieving complete remission by regimen were 84% for MOPP + Bleo and 92% for A-COPP. For those continuing in complete remission, the percentages were 71% for MOPP + Bleo and 72% for A-COPP. For those surviving 9 years, the percentage was 84% for MOPP + Bleo and 85% for A-COPP. The presence of low abdominal disease at diagnosis did not adversely influence response to therapy or survival. All deaths among MOPP + Bleo cases occurred within 4 years of study entry; 3 late deaths in A-COPP cases at 8-10 years were due to osteosarcoma, cardiopathy, and recurrent Hodgkin's disease. The preferred treatment regimen for future use cannot be determined until the cardiotoxicity of Adriamycin is eliminated by the development of drug delivery techniques that reduce cardiotoxicity or anthracycline congeners that are not cardiotoxic.
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PMID:Comparative effectiveness of two combined modality regimens in the treatment of surgical stage III Hodgkin's disease in children. An 8-year follow-up study by the Pediatric Oncology Group. 178 72

A prospective Phase II trial of combination chemotherapy in patients with metastatic carcinoid tumors was conducted by the Southwest Oncology Group. The therapy included 5-fluorouracil, Adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, and streptozotocin (FAC-S) or the same combination without Adriamycin (FC-S) in patients with heart disease. Seventy-four patients were entered and two were ineligible. Sixty-nine of the 72 were histologically reviewed. Six patients were declared ineligible after this review. Fifty-six patients received FAC-S, and nine received FC-S (one patient was inevaluable). The response rates were 31% and 22%, respectively. The median survival of all patients was 10.8 months. The analyses of various clinical and histologic parameters indicated that responses were more common in patients with gastrintestinal carcinoids; there was also a tendency toward shorter survival in patients with tumors that had a higher mitotic rate or the atypical and/or undifferentiated histologic pattern. The FAC-S combination can produce objective responses in patients with metastatic carcinoid tumors, but these are generally partial and brief. It was also concluded that currently available chemotherapy is inadequate.
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PMID:A phase II trial of combination chemotherapy in patients with metastatic carcinoid tumors. A Southwest Oncology Group Study. 296 Apr 46

Experimental and clinical trials to determine the potential of prenylamine in the prevention of adriamycin-related cardiotoxicity are reviewed. In mice given 4 mg/kg body weight adriamycin, the incidence of myocardial damage after 19 days' treatment was lower than in those given adriamycin and placebo. Rabbits were given adriamycin (total dose 10.8 mg/kg body weight), adriamycin plus prenylamine (1.5 mg/kg body weight), and adriamycin plus vitamins A (250 IU) and E (40 mg) for 9-11 weeks. Adriamycin-induced electrocardiogram changes were observed to a lesser extent in animals also receiving prenylamine. Heart homogenates from adriamycin-treated animals showed enhanced hydroperoxide-initiated chemiluminescence which was not affected by the simultaneous administration of prenylamine. The extent of adriamycin-induced myocytolysis and the degree of alterations observed on electron microscopy were markedly reduced by prenylamine. In a double-blind clinical trial with 26 oncological patients, no cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia or adverse reactions were observed in the group given adriamycin plus prenylamine. In those given adriamycin plus placebo, two patients developed congestive cardiopathy and another showed severe supraventricular arrhythmias together with hypotension and dyspnoea. The mechanisms of adriamycin-related cardiotoxicity, the effects of prenylamine and the benefit from combined treatment are discussed.
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PMID:The role of prenylamine in the prevention of adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity. A review of experimental and clinical findings. 328 Mar 62

Twenty-five years ago clinical investigators began to appreciate that cardiomyopathy is an important and reasonably common form of heart disease. Since then, several functional classifications have been proposed, the specific myocardial diseases have been classified and chronic ischemic ventricular failure has been described. The boundary separating myocarditis from dilated cardiomyopathy remains hazy and, despite intensive research, the causes of dilated cardiomyopathy remain obscure. In particular, we still do not understand the role that may be played by viral infection and alcohol. Myocardial biopsy has proved useful in patients with specific myocardial disorders, heart transplant recipients and patients receiving Adriamycin, but is disappointing in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. It has become increasingly evident that exercise capacity does not correlate with ventricular function, being highly dependent on peripheral factors. Measurements of oxygen consumption during exercise promise to be useful in assessing treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy. True restrictive cardiomyopathy is uncommon, and the term should be reserved for cardiomyopathies that meet strict criteria. A restrictive component to filling is common to many cardiac disorders, including some cases of cardiac amyloidosis. The concept of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has evolved rapidly over the past 25 years, and continues to evolve. The importance of arrhythmia as a cause of sudden death is becoming increasingly clear. The place of calcium channel blocking agents in the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy will probably emerge soon. Amiodarone is finding an increasing role in the treatment of dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Surgical treatment is still required for some patients despite unanswered questions on how it works.
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PMID:Cardiomyopathy: how far have we come in 25 years, how far yet to go? 668 23