Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Plasma vitamin C, total and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and cortisol levels were measured in a random sample of 337 elderly subjects living at home in S. Wales; measurements of relative body weight and information about fruit intake, smoking habits and symptoms of cardiovascular disease were also collected. There was a sex difference, over all age groups, in plasma vitamin C and in total HDL cholesterol levels. Plasma vitamin C was strongly correlated with fruit intake in both sexes. Both HDL cholesterol and low and very density lipoprotein (LDL + VLDL) cholesterol levels tended to increase with increasing plasma vitamin C but this reached significance only for the LDL + VLDL fraction. In addition, HDL cholesterol was negatively correlated with Quetelet's index in the women. Symptoms and medication for heart disease did not correlate significantly with plasma vitamin C or with HDL cholesterol levels, but reported angina showed a weak positive association with total cholesterol in the men, and there was some evidence of increased cortisol levels in subjects with heart disease.
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PMID:Vitamin C, high density lipoproteins and heart disease in elderly subjects. 23 6

Over the last few years the study of idiopathic haemochromatosis has not brought to light any basic change in the overall pattern of organic and metabolic damage produced by the disease and comprising altered skin pigmentation, liver disease, diabete mellitus, heart disease, endocrine dysfunction, bone and joint disease. Nevertheless, certain facets of the clinical picture have been described and progress has been made in understanding the signs of the disease. Although the desferrioxamine test is no without merit, especially if performed after vitamin C administration, for measuring the extent of iron overload, two methods seem better equipped: serum ferritin radioimmunoassay and measurement of iron concentration in a liver biopsy specimen. The HLA antigen A3 and, more especially, haplotype A3, B14, are markers for the genetic basis of the disease. Repeated phlebotomy therapy generally brings about symptomatic improvement and a significant increase in survival.
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PMID:[Idiopathic haemochromatosis. I. Clinical, biological and therapeutic aspects (author's transl)]. 37 16

Although in the past, rates of heart disease, cancer, and diabetes were lower in Alaska Natives than in US whites, these diseases are now increasing. The rate of iron-deficiency anemia for Alaska Natives continues to be higher than that in the general population. To understand the role of diet in these chronic diseases, seasonal dietary intakes of 351 Alaska Native adults from 11 communities were assessed during 1987-1988. Alaska Natives consumed more energy (19%), protein (39%), fat (21%), carbohydrate (13%), iron (25%), vitamin A (53%), and vitamin C (31%), but less calcium (19%) than did the general US adult population [National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey II (NHANES II)]; Alaska Natives consumed six times more fish but less fruits and vegetables. Results suggest that energy and protein intakes decreased in the last 30 y but the proportion of energy from fat (37%) remained unchanged. High fish consumption and large seasonal dietary variations persisted, which may protect against chronic diseases. However, excess energy and fat and low calcium, fruit, and vegetable intakes may be contributing to recent increases in chronic diseases. Dietary guidelines are proposed.
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PMID:The diet of Alaska Native adults: 1987-1988. 848 Jun 92

A large cross sectional study, the Scottish Heart Health Study, of 10,359 men and women from 22 districts of Scotland was undertaken to try to explain the geographical variation of coronary heart disease mortality. Analysis by district showed that of the classic risk factors only cigarette smoking was strongly associated with heart disease mortality among both men and women. Mean diastolic blood pressure was weakly associated with rates among men and high density lipoprotein cholesterol showed a strong negative association among women. Total cholesterol showed a weak negative association with heart disease mortality, but, because the serum concentrations of cholesterol were uniformly high in all districts, a strong association with mortality would not be expected. In both men and women many dietary factors showed moderate or strong associations with mortality from coronary heart disease in a district--of these a low consumption of vitamin C was most notable. Other factors associated with heart disease included alcohol consumption and serum triglycerides among men, and obesity, physical activity, and serum triglycerides among women. Many factors associated with heart disease showed strong intercorrelations. Clustering of risk factors (including smoking, alcohol, and diet among men, and smoking, diet, and obesity among women) was associated with much of the regional variation in heart disease mortality in Scotland.
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PMID:Geographical clustering of risk factors and lifestyle for coronary heart disease in the Scottish Heart Health Study. 220 12

A cohort of Hawaii Japanese men was assembled for epidemiologic studies of heart disease and cancer. Diet and tobacco consumption data were obtained from 1965 to 1968 and from 1971 to 1975. Biopsies from sites at maximal, intermediate, and minimal risk of intestinal metaplasia were performed on 350 men. Metaplasia was found in 234 men. Gastric cancer was found in 9/234 with metaplasia (3.8%) and 1/116 men without metaplasia (0.89%). Nitrite-rich salty foods (e.g., cured meats) were directly related to metaplasia at both examinations. Vitamin C intake did not appear to have prevented the development of intestinal metaplasia. Smoking was directly related to the presence of metaplasia, but the association was weaker than was observed for cured meats. The strong association between nitrite-rich salty foods and metaplasia appears to be uniform from one study to another, as is the lack of a consistent relation between metaplasia and either smoking or vitamin C consumption. Heavy smokers were more likely to have metaplasia than were nonsmokers, but these associations were weaker than were those with cured meats.
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PMID:Impact of diet and smoking on risk of developing intestinal metaplasia of the stomach. 231 88

We investigated the vitamin C (ascorbic acid) status in 1077 eastern Finnish men aged 54 years of age examined in the "Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study" in 1984-86. Dietary intake of ascorbic acid had a strong linear correlation to plasma ascorbic acid, and we found a clear seasonal variation in the plasma ascorbic acid levels: the highest values were found in August-September and again in April, and the lowest levels in November-January and in June. A true vitamin C depletion was found in 8.8% of the 1077 men studied, and, in addition, 16.5% had a mild vitamin C deprivation. The decreased plasma levels of this antioxidant vitamin may be associated with elevated blood pressure.
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PMID:Vitamin C status of 54-year old eastern Finnish men throughout the year. 238 71

Isolated communities, such as those in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland have a dietary pattern and lifestyle which may differ from the rest of the country. We have studied the diets of 118 Orkney Islanders (78 women, 40 men) over 2 non-consecutive weeks, using a semi-weighed methodology. 'High tea', soups, fish, potatoes and bakery goods were features of the traditional dietary pattern. Fresh fruit and vegetable tended to be low, and intakes of vitamin C and, to a lesser extent, dietary fibre, were low in relation to energy. Energy intakes of men were consistent with an active lifestyle, while fat provided 42 per cent of the energy from food. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to the COMA recommendations and the prevalence of heart disease in this region of Britain.
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PMID:A dietary survey of an isolated population in the UK: the islanders of Orkney. 302 7

We investigated the association of dietary fatty acids and plasma antioxidative vitamins with blood pressure in 722 eastern Finnish men aged 54 years, examined in the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study in 1984-1986, who had no known hypertension nor any cerebrovascular disease. Allowing for the major anthropometric, dietary, medical and psychological determinants of blood pressure in a multivariate regression analysis, plasma ascorbic acid concentration had a moderate, independent inverse association (P less than 0.0001) and the estimated dietary intake of linolenic acid an inverse (P = 0.026) independent association with mean resting blood pressure. The marked elevation of blood pressure at the lowest levels of plasma vitamin C concentration supports the hypothesis of the role of antioxidants in the aetiology of hypertension.
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PMID:Vitamin C deficiency and low linolenate intake associated with elevated blood pressure: the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study. 348 20

The containment of damaging oxygen species by antioxidant nutrients has led to the speculation that the RDA for these specific nutrients may be overly low. Among these nutrients are vitamin E, vitamin C, and to a lesser extent beta-carotene and selenium. Evidence for the role of these nutrients in cancer and heart disease is evaluated. The case is presented for an increase of two-fold for the vitamin C RDA and between three and five-fold for vitamin E; for establishing 15 mg as the RDA for beta-carotene; for no change in the vitamin A RDA; and for further study on selenium.
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PMID:Dietary supplementation with antioxidants. Is there a case for exceeding the recommended dietary allowance? 366 21

At the Polish Trial on Ischaemic Heart Disease Prevention begun in 1976-77 the dietary habits of 5,484 male workers aged 40-59 years working in 14 Warsaw plants were assessed by 24-hour recall. After two and four years of follow-up in 1978-79 and 1980-81 this study was repeated in random samples of the previously screened population still in employment in these plants i.e., 652 men (response rate after two years=70.4%) and 574 men (response rate after four years=65.0%). In the initial screening the mean energy value of the reported daily food ration was 2,700 kcal/11,296 kJ. This energy derived 13.6% from protein, 37.1% from fat, and 49.3% from carbohydrate. After two years the mean energy value of the daily food ration as well as the amounts of the daily consumed fat and carbohydrate and vitamin B1 had decreased significantly. The amounts of the remaining nutrients were not significantly changed. After four years only the mean daily consumption of vitamin C was decreased significantly. The mean values of the total energy value of the food ration as well as of the amounts of nutrients were not significantly different. On the other hand, differences were found in the amount of food products--the reported consumption of cereals and bread as well as animal fat increased significantly, while the consumption of meat and meat products, vegetable fats, fruits and sugar decreased.
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PMID:Changes in the dietary habits of male workers in Warsaw plants over a period of four years. 688 59


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