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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

31 patients undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization for suspected congenital heart disease and 30 normal subjects were examined by pulsed Doppler echocardiography. Spectrum analysis of the shape of flow velocity curve and instantaneous flow velocities of the pulmonary artery during systolic period was made and their ratio calculated. The results showed that there was a remarkable difference between the flow velocity curve of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and that of normal pulmonary pressure. Combining with the characteristics of pulmonary arterial hemodynamics, a preliminary exploration was made on the mechanism of flow velocity curve changes. A ratio of flow velocities--PV% was proposed. The sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing PH with PV% were 94% and 100% respectively. There was a high correlation between PV% and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (r = -0.84) or pulmonary artery mean pressure (r = -0.82). It is concluded that PV% may eliminate many factors that influence the pulmonary artery hemodynamics and is a reliable, practical qualitative and quantitative index for diagnosing PH noninvasively.
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PMID:[Diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension by pulsed Doppler echocardiography--comparison with cardiac catheterization]. 259 27

The paper studies epidemiological distribution of the aging heart and its pathology in a sample of 229 subjects (101 male and 128 female) on the basis of a clinical and radiological classification into cardiological phenotypes. This study involved the use of mathematical statistical procedures following a standard method using SIR database (Scientific Information Retrieval) software implemented on the CDC Cyber 170/730 mainframe in the Trieste University Computing Center that is connected with the Chair of Geriatric Pathology. Using this software it was possible to assess the epidemiological significance of the usual clinical parameters, and show that the most representative cardiopathy is the 3rd type, i.e. the hypertrophic-ischemic cardiopathy belonging to the large aortic heart. Its natural pathogenesis is independent of risk factors and relates to the aging of muscular and connective tissues in which the coronary circulation is involved in the deterioration of the cardiovascular system and is therefore different from the primary ischemias of adults.
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PMID:[The aging heart and its pathology. An epidemiological study of 229 cases based on a clinical and radiological classification]. 262 69

This work reports two cases of endocarditis caused by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. As noted in the medical literature, the mean clinical features are a subacute infection without know source of bacteremia, in a male patient aged 40 years or older and who is suffering from a heart disease. In our two presentations, the good response to single antibiotic treatment, although the optimal therapeutic approach is not yet defined, and the lack of embolism phenomena are of special interest. Spectrum of bacteria which can be responsible of infective endocarditis is widening rapidly; this study is an example of this trend.
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PMID:[Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans infectious endocarditis. Apropos of 2 cases and review of the literature]. 383 41

Left ventricular ejection fraction was measured by gated wall motion in 62 patients, 75 years old or older, admitted to a Geriatric Acute Assessment Ward. From this group, 42 patients not taking digitalis or other cardioactive medication were selected for analysis. Thirty of them had clinically identifiable heart disease, whereas 12 did not. Resting left ventricular ejection fractions in the 12 patients without clinically identifiable heart disease averaged 0.60 +/- 0.09. None had an ejection fraction below 0.50. In the 30 patients with clinically identifiable heart disease, mean ejection fraction was 0.49 +/- 0.15 (range 0.17-0.84), P less than 0.01. In the patients with heart disease, reduction of ejection fraction was correlated with either cardiac enlargement or congestive heart failure. Neither age nor electrocardiographic abnormalities added to the strength of this correlation. Fifty-eight per cent of patients with congestive heart failure had ejection fractions greater than or equal to 0.40, suggesting that congestive heart failure in this age group is frequently related to diastolic left ventricular dysfunction unaccompanied by major systolic dysfunction. The prognosis of patients with congestive heart failure and ejection fractions above 0.35 was significantly better than of patients with congestive heart failure and ejection fractions below 0.35. From these data and other data available in the literature, it is proposed that the lower limit for ejection fraction be 0.50 for patients 75 years old or older. Congestive heart failure in patients 75 years old or older appears to be associated with relatively higher ejection fractions or even with ejection fractions within the normal range. In these patients, digitalis may not be indicated, and short term-prognosis is relatively favorable.
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PMID:Left ventricular function in hospitalized geriatric patients. 713 May 76

The protein CD62P expressed on platelet surface membrane was measured by flow cytometry to evaluate its clinical significance. Whole blood contained 0.32% citrate from 64 patients with heart disease and 30 healthy adults were fixed with 0.1% paraformaldehyde. To 50 microliters of the fixed blood, 10 microliters of CD62 PE (Becton Dickinson) was added. After standing for 20 minutes at room temperature, the samples were washed and suspended in 1ml of PBS. Platelets were analyzed with Spectrum III (Ortho) flow cytometer. In healthy control, the percentage of platelets positive for anti-CD62P was 0.16 +/- 0.20 (mean +/- SD)%. Abnormal levels of CD62P were observed in 5 patients with unstable angina, 6 patients with acute myocardial infarction, 1 patient with old myocardial infarction, and 2 patients with mitral stenosis. These results show that activated platelets may play some roles in pathogenesis of heart disease though it is not fully clear yet.
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PMID:[Detection of CD62P (GMP-140) on peripheral blood platelet membrane in various heart diseases]. 754 Feb 29

Comparative studies of the differences in elderly patients with and without cardiovascular disorders were made in regard to complications occurring during and after operation. The subjects included 38 patients (6 men and 32 women) aged 70 to 99 years (mean: 84 years) at Nagoya City Kouseiin Geriatric Hospital who had orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia, between March 1990 and October 1992. Diseases identified in these subjects were sequelae of cerebrovascular disease (38 subjects), heart disease (22 subjects), hypertension (9 subjects), senile dementia (6 subjects), Parkinson's disease (5 subjects), malignant disease (3 subjects) and diabetes mellitus (2 subjects). They were initially divided into 2 groups according to ultrasonic cardiography: a normal group comprising 20 patients without cardiovascular abnormalities, and a disorder group comprising 18 patients with reduction of left ventricule function, left ventricular hypertrophy and/or valvular disease (more than moderate). All subjects were examined with regard to age, weight, the nutrition index proposed by Onodera, activity of daily living (ADL), cardiac output, left ventricular ejection fraction, serum level of BUN and albumin etc. Moreover, the disorder group subjects were divided into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of heart failure occurring after surgery. In addition to the above-mentioned, we also studied the duration of surgery and anesthesia, and water balance during and after surgery. Results showed that the ADL and nutrition index in the disorder group were lower compared to the normal group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Comparative studies on complications occurring during and after surgery in elderly patients with and without cardiovascular disorders]. 829 52

We investigated the association of non-insulin-dependent (Type 2) diabetes mellitus and depression symptoms in a representative community-dwelling elderly population independently of other conditions such as gender, age, status, disability, cognitive impairment and a number of chronic medical conditions such as chronic obstructive lung disease, degenerative joint disease, heart disease, cirrhosis of the liver, cholelithiasis, peptic ulcer and kidney stones. A total of 1339 elderly subjects living in southern Italy were randomly selected from electoral rolls and evaluated. All subjects were tested by the Geriatric Depression Scale to detect depression, the Mini-Mental State Examination to study cognitive function and the Activity Daily Living Index to evaluate disability. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus affected 14.7% of our sample. Depression was more prevalent in women over 75 years of age than in younger women (15.9 vs 8.1%, p < 0.001). In multiple linear regression analysis, diabetes mellitus was found to be significantly associated with depression independently of age, gender, loneliness, cognitive impairment, chronic obstructive lung disease, degenerative joint disease, heart diseases, cancer, kidney disease, cirrhosis of the liver and cholelithiasis. It is concluded that non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is significantly associated with depression in the elderly, which may have clinical implications for the achievement of sufficient blood glucose control.
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PMID:Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is associated with a greater prevalence of depression in the elderly. The Osservatorio Geriatrico of Campania Region Group. 889 92

Older African Americans constitute an expanding part of the elderly population in the United States. Although socioeconomic factors affect longevity and functional status more than race, African-American elders, as a whole, show poorer health status, as well as greater levels of financial strain and care-giver burden. Incidence rates of hypertension, heart disease, stroke, end-stage renal disease, dementia and prostate cancer are higher among African Americans than among the white population. The incidence of depression, however, is lower. Cancer survival rates are also lower, in part because of lower rates of cancer screening in this group. Physicians should carefully choose instruments to assess cognitive and physical status in African-American elders. The Activities of Daily Living scale and the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire are two tools that have been specially tested and shown to be reliable and valid in this population group. The Geriatric Depression Scale is a useful diagnostic tool that is quick to use in a busy office practice. Taking the time during an initial visit to understand the patient's values and perceptions of health and illness builds a sense of comfort and trust that will set a positive tone for the entire doctor-patient relationship and may empower the patient to take positive steps to improve health habits.
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PMID:Special health considerations in African-American elders. 909 85

Geriatric patients with known dementia and suffering from an acute somatic disease are highly vulnerable to develop delirium. It is therefore essential to suspect and recognize delirium in these patients, especially in emergency wards. In the present study we evaluated activities on a dedicated delirium ward at a Swedish University Hospital. Over one and a half years 637 patients were treated for suspected delirium, the majority of patients being referred from the emergency ward at the same hospital. Infectious diseases were the main cause of delirium in 67% of cases. Other common causes were heart disease and stroke. Drug use as the only cause of delirium was found in less than 1% of cases. Approximately 70% of patients had cognitive disturbances, either dementia or mild cognitive impairment. The existence of multiple diseases as causative factors was frequent. Knowledge about delirium and how it is both diagnosed and treated is of great importance in all kinds of settings where acute somatic treatments are common.
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PMID:Delirium in clinical practice: experiences from a specialized delirium ward. 1047 45

Depression is underrecognized in older adults, especially those with chronic conditions such as heart disease and arthritis. Left untreated, depression may progress and have dramatic effects on overall health. The Geriatric Depression Scale: Short Form is a 15-question screening tool for depression in older adults that takes five to seven minutes to complete and can be filled out by the patient or administered by a provider with minimal training in its use. The questions focus on mood; the score can help clinicians decide whether further assessment is needed. (This screening tool is included in a series, Try This: Best Practices in Nursing Care to Older Adults, from the Hartford Institute for Geriatric Nursing at New York University's College of Nursing.) For a free online video demonstrating the use of this tool, go to http://links.lww.com/A101.
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PMID:How to try this: the Geriatric Depression Scale: Short Form. 1903 91


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