Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Participants in studies of psychometric risk for schizophrenia are rarely informed of their risk status. Nondisclosure may be justifiable if the harmful effects of disclosure outweigh its benefits. We examined whether disclosure may adversely affect well-being and, if so, factors that predict the degree of adverse effect. Undergraduates (n=114) rated the anticipated impact--on felt distress, coping, optimism, helplessness, future lifestyle choices, and survival--of discovering they were at risk for schizophrenia and six other diseases. They also completed measures of potential predictors of this impact, including knowledge about schizophrenia, vicarious experience of schizophrenia, their potential to suffer stigmatization because of schizophrenia, and schizotypy. Participants judged schizophrenia risk more negatively than risk for heart disease, arthritis, depression, and diabetes, and less negatively than risk for cancer and Alzheimer's disease. Higher disorder-nonspecific impact, greater stigma, and lower psychometric risk for schizophrenia together provided the best linear prediction of schizophrenia-specific impact. Awareness of schizophrenia risk creates a significant adverse impact, the level of which may be greatest among those with lowest risk.
 ...
PMID:The burden of awareness of psychometric risk for schizophrenia. 1928 32

We present data from two studies that aimed to investigate stigma against suicide. In Study 1, we employed Milgram et al.'s (1965) "lost letter" technique. We predicted that fewer letters addressed to a fictitious organization with the word "suicide" in its name would be returned than letters addressed to fictitious heart disease or diabetes organizations, presumably due to stigma. Contrary to expectation, there were no differences in the percentage of letters returned for each condition, despite power to detect small effects. In Study 2 we compared scores on the Suicide Opinion Questionnaire (SOQ; Domino, Gibson, Poling, & Westlake, 1980) from a study published in 1988 (Domino, MacGregor, & Hannah, 1988) to scores from a study conducted 19 years later. Results demonstrated reduced stigma toward suicide, with the belief that suicide is morally bad exhibiting the largest change.
 ...
PMID:Reason for cautious optimism? Two studies suggesting reduced stigma against suicide. 2045 51

In this study we examined the social construction of stigma toward HIV/AIDS in the Israeli press by comparing newspaper articles on HIV/AIDS, a highly stigmatized illness, and heart disease, a nonstigmatized illness in Israel. We carried out thematic content analysis of 242 newspaper articles published over a 12-month period. Two counter themes emerged from the analysis. HIV/AIDS was portrayed as a "foreign illness" mainly afflicting immigrants from the former Soviet Union and Ethiopia. In addition, HIV/AIDS was constructed as a disease of "the deviant other," particularly gay men, who pose risk to themselves and those around them. By contrast, heart disease was defined as a "local illness" of "ordinary" individuals, and an unpredictable phenomenon. The mirror images of HIV/AIDS and heart disease, which were involved in the stigmatizing process of HIV/AIDS, reflect the wider moral-sociocultural order of Israeli society.
 ...
PMID:Stigma and otherness in the Israeli media's mirror representations of illness. 2053 Apr 5

To facilitate the development of a therapeutic alliance in genetic counseling, it is important that the counselor understands how families might perceive the condition that constitutes the reason for the referral. Through training and professional practice, genetic counselors develop a thorough understanding of families' perceptions of the conditions that are common indications for genetic counseling. But, for referral indications that are less frequent, like serious mental illnesses, genetic counselors may feel less confident in their understanding of the family's experience, or in their ability to provide psychosocial support when serious mental illness is reported in a family history. This may impede the establishment of a therapeutic alliance. As research shows that most referrals for genetic counseling related to serious mental illness are for female first-degree family members of affected individuals, we sought to explore how this group perceives serious mental illness. To provide a frame of reference with which genetic counselors may be more familiar, we explored how women perceived serious mental illness compared to other common complex disorders in their family. We conducted semi-structured interviews with women who had a child with a serious mental illness (schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder) and a first-degree relative with another common complex disorder (diabetes, heart disease, cancer). Interviews were transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis. Saturation was reached when nine women had participated. Serious mental illness was perceived as being more severe and as having a greater impact on the family than diabetes, heart disease, or cancer. Themes identified included guilt, stigma, and loss. Some of the most important issues that contribute to mothers' perceptions that serious mental illness is more severe than other common complex disorders could be effectively addressed in genetic counseling. Developing a heightened awareness of how family members experience a relative's mental illness may help genetic counselors to be better able to provide psychosocial support to this group, whether serious mental illness constitutes the primary reason for referral or appears in the family history during counseling for a different referral reason.
 ...
PMID:Mothers' perspectives on their child's mental illness as compared to other complex disorders in their family: insights to inform genetic counseling practice. 2208 36

Cancer is the most common cause of death after heart disease. The patient diagnosed with cancer confronts high levels of emotional distress, while he has to make crucial decisions about his treatment. As a life threatening illness, it is a traumatic stressor which triggers overwhelming feelings and affects the patient's functioning. There is a variety of psychological responses. Anger, fear, anxiety, hopelessness attend the diagnosis of cancer. Fifty percent of affected individuals develop psychiatric disorders, such as Stress Response Syndromes like Acute Response Syndromes, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Major Depression, Adjustment Disorders, and Delirium. The members of consultation-liaison psychiatry intervene in a wide spectrum of psychiatric complications of cancer. Also, there are patients with major psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia who develop cancer and the psychiatrist has to give them an understanding of the illness and to facilitate their active participation in the medical treatment. The main purpose is co-operation between consultation liaison psychiatrists and physicians. Psychiatrists make efforts to promote a better understanding of schizophrenia among physicians and to fight the stigma attached to the disease. The risk of suicide is higher in cancer patients, than in general population and the identification of patients at increased risk of suicide among affected individuals such as those with major depression, alcohol abusers, uncontrolled pain, advanced illness is a very important step in suicide prevention. When the end of life is approaching, psychiatrists have to face physical problems, psychological symptoms and issues of existence, which pose special challenges for the patient. The psychiatrist has to help him to reduce the psychological pain and to encourage his family to listen to his wishes. The consultationliaison psychiatrists intervene at every stage of cancer from the prevention and the preclinical cancer, to palliative care and end-of-life, with diagnosis and effective therapy.
 ...
PMID:[Psychological and psychiatric problems in cancer patients in the general hospital]. 2221 29

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common inherited heart disease with diverse phenotypic and genetic expression, clinical presentation, and natural history. HCM has been recognized for 55 years, but recently substantial advances in diagnosis and treatment options have evolved, as well as increased recognition of the disease in clinical practice. Nevertheless, most genetically and clinically affected individuals probably remain undiagnosed, largely free from disease-related complications, although HCM may progress along 1 or more of its major disease pathways (i.e., arrhythmic sudden death risk; progressive heart failure [HF] due to dynamic left ventricular [LV] outflow obstruction or due to systolic dysfunction in the absence of obstruction; or atrial fibrillation with risk of stroke). Effective treatments are available for each adverse HCM complication, including implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) for sudden death prevention, heart transplantation for end-stage failure, surgical myectomy (or selectively, alcohol septal ablation) to alleviate HF symptoms by abolishing outflow obstruction, and catheter-based procedures to control atrial fibrillation. These and other strategies have now resulted in a low disease-related mortality rate of <1%/year. Therefore, HCM has emerged from an era of misunderstanding, stigma, and pessimism, experiencing vast changes in its clinical profile, and acquiring an effective and diverse management armamentarium. These advances have changed its natural history, with prevention of sudden death and reversal of HF, thereby restoring quality of life with extended (if not normal) longevity for most patients, and transforming HCM into a contemporary treatable cardiovascular disease.
 ...
PMID:Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: present and future, with translation into contemporary cardiovascular medicine. 2550 Feb 47

The 1893 operations to remove a maxillofacial tumor from President Grover Cleveland aboard a private yacht remained a secret until long after his unrelated death from heart disease. Many historical studies have suggested that Cleveland kept his health and surgical care confidential because of the fragility of the economy during the Panic of 1893. Although that observation is true, it does not fully address the underlying reason for why the public would react poorly to news about an operation on the president. The death of Ulysses S. Grant eight years prior unearthed the denial, stigma, and fear of cancer felt by many Americans. Despite revolutionary 19th century advances in anesthesia, pathology, and surgery, the social history of "cancerphobia" ran deep.
 ...
PMID:The Clandestine Operations Performed on President Grover Cleveland and the Rationale for Surgical Secrecy. 3026 81

Examining and improving knowledge and attitudes about epilepsy has been a public health priority because of stigma around the disorder. This study had three goals: (1) to update estimates describing U.S. adults' perceived knowledge about epilepsy, seizure first aid, and confidence in providing seizure first aid; (2) to examine U.S. adults' recognition of common signs and symptoms of generalized and focal seizures to inform public awareness efforts; and (3) to provide baseline estimates of exposure to an Epilepsy Foundation public awareness campaign, #ShareMySeizure, launched in November, 2016. Four sets of epilepsy questions were included on the 2017 Porter Novelli ConsumerStyles survey, an online panel survey of the U.S. adult population. We examined differences in study outcomes by sociodemographic factors and familiarity with someone with epilepsy. Small percentages of U.S. adults felt knowledgeable about epilepsy (16%), knew seizure first aid (25%), or reported having confidence in being able to help someone having a seizure with appropriate seizure first aid (20%). Fewer adults were familiar with signs of focal seizures compared to generalized seizures. About 1% of U.S. adults had heard of the #ShareMySeizure campaign. Television and family and friends emerged as the most common sources of information for those who reported hearing something about epilepsy. About 33% of U.S. adults wanted to learn more about epilepsy. Knowledge about epilepsy among the U.S. public is suboptimal, though generally on par with that of more common conditions such as heart disease, eye conditions, and ovarian cancer. U.S. adults need and want more information about epilepsy, appropriate seizure first aid training, and recognition of seizure symptoms.
 ...
PMID:Knowledge of and familiarity with epilepsy in U.S. adults: Results from the 2017 ConsumerStyles Online Panel Survey. 3326 21


<< Previous 1 2