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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Primary cardiac tumors are uncommon with an estimated incidence of between 0.0017 % and 0.19 %. Most are benign. Whereas myxomas are the most common primary tumor in adults, in children they are exceptionally rare. Cardiac myxomas usually develop in the left atrium, 20 % occur in the right atrium and the remainder develops in the ventricles and rarely in the heart valves. Cerebrovascular strokes secondary to myxoma are rare in childhood. The diagnostic test of choice is transesophageal echocardiogram and early excision is the most effective treatment in preventing serious complications. We report a case of cerebral stroke as the only manifestation of an atrial myxoma in an 11-year-old-girl. The patient presented vertigo, right hemiparesis of the body and dysarthria without loss of consciousness. After diagnostic tests (computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and cerebral angioresonance) she was diagnosed with an ischemic lesion in the left middle cerebral artery. Various investigations were performed to find the cause of the stroke, among them cardiologic study, and a mass in the left atrium suggestive of myxoma was found. The tumor was removed and the diagnosis of myxoma was confirmed by histopathological examination. Outcome was satisfactory. The presence of a cerebral ischemic episode, with or without concomitant heart disease, suggests the need to look for cardiac etiology.
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PMID:[Cerebrovascular stroke as a sign of atrial myxoma in childhood]. 1262 1

Symptoms of balance disorders including 'unsteadiness', 'dizziness and vertigo' are common in the elderly and commonly found in general practice in medicine. There are many causes of balance disorders and vary from one person to another. Disorder of the internal ear or vestibular end-organ type is one cause. Unsteadiness of somato-sensory or proprioception is common in the elderly so is degenerative disorder of central control in brain. The elderly are prone to many chronic illnesses or disorders which are causes of balance disorder or give rise to more rapid degeneration of the central nervous system i.e. high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, proprioception and joint problems, arthritis and muscular weakness due to lack of good health and exercise. The objectives of this research study were to find the etiologies of balance disorders and how Balance Exercises and the 'National Health Service' can be of benefit in helping to prevent them. 1565 elderly inhabitants (age > or = 60 years) of 20 communities adjacent to Siriraj Hospital were selected for study. Among these, 625 persons had a history of balance disorders. Among those, 256 had symptoms during the week selected for examination. The average age was 66 years old, women outnumbered men with a ratio of 2.4:1. The common underlying causes were hypertension in 32.4%, diabetes mellitus 13.8%, arthritis 8.1%, and heart disease 4.4% respectively. All are still taking one or more types of drug. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups for the study purpose of effectiveness of balance exercise. Group 1 did not perform the head balance exercise and Group 2 performed the head balance exercise. Audiometric testing showed impaired hearing in 90% of the subjects. The majority slowed hearing loss in high frequencies. Testing of middle ear function found 75% of Group 1 to have normal middle ear function 77% of Group 2. Brainstem Electrical Response Audiometry (BERA) showed normal response latencies of in 96% of group 1 and 94% of Group 2. Poor morphology of waveform was found in 12% of Group 1 and 16% of Group 2. Doppler sonography for intra-cranial blood flow measurement showed abnormal flow of the ICA in 17.6% of group 1 and 20.16% of group 2. Basilar arterial abnormal flow was found in 77.6% of Group 1 and 80.6% of Group 2 respectively. The flow of ICA was improved after 8 weeks in both groups. The measurement of balance by Posturography showed 86.7% abnormality in Group 1 and 83.5% abnormality in Group 2 (and the majority due to inner ear problems but many cases had a mixture of joints and CNS problems too). Results of the self-evaluation (by questionaires) showed the elderly to have symptoms of light headedness in 51% and loss of balance in 29%, Vertigo with rotation occurred in 23.6%. 49% of the symptoms were intermittent, 56.4% experienced a 'fall". On questioning about the benefit and performance of Head and Neck Exercises, 82.8% found the exercises were easy to perform, 56.4% said the results were very beneficial.
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PMID:Balance disorders in the elderly and the benefit of balance exercise. 1556 Jul 2

Vertigo is one of the most common reasons for a patient to consult the general practitioner, and in the elderly in particular the underlying cause may be varied. Dizziness is not infrequently a side effect of medication, or may be associated with depression. Other possible causes include orthostatic dysregulation, hyperventilation, heart disease, equilibrium disorders, visual problems, paroxysmal positioning vertigo,TIA, cerebral infarction or the presence of a tumor.
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PMID:[Vertigo in the elderly]. 1761 64

The incidence of arrhythmias in pregnancy is more frequent. Arrhythmias can develop in women withstructural heart disease as well as in healthy population. Palpitations, dizziness, vertigo or syncope are the most common symptoms of arrhythmias. Rarely life threatening arrhythmias requiring acute therapy occur. The treatment of the pregnant patient with cardiac arrhythmias requires important modifications of the standard practice. We describe pregnant patient in 33rd week of pregnancy with new onset of recurrent unsustained ventricular tachycardia, which did not regress after the pharmacological therapy. Patient was indicated to cesarean section, after which the arrhythmias completely regressed.
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PMID:[Recurrent unsustained ventricular tachycardia in pregnancy]. 2001 43

Vestibulopathy is a condition characterized by the onset of vertigo, nausea and vomiting, in the absence of hearing loss or tinnitus. The differential diagnosis includes peripheral otologic disorders and central disorders such as vascular insufficiency. Modified Blalock-Taussig (B-T) shunt, a polytetrafluoroethylene graft from the subclavian artery to the pulmonary artery, has become the palliative procedure of choice in cyanotic congenital heart disease patients. This palliative surgery creates a similar vascular haemodynamic to that seen in the subclavian steal syndrome and when associated with aplasia, hypoplasia or stenosis of the contralateral carotid, vertebral or posterior communicating arteries it may predispose to vascular hypoperfusion and peripheral hypofunctioning of the vestibular system. We report the case of a cyanotic congenital heart disease patient with vertigo and dizziness who underwent a modified B-T fistula on childhood and developed, many years later, a vertiginous syndrome probably of vascular origin.
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PMID:Vestibulopathy after a modified Blalock-Taussig procedure in a cyanotic congenital heart disease patient. 2339 27

We present a case of 77-year-old immunocompetent patient who initially presented with vertigo, nausea and vomiting, with symptoms later progressing to headaches and increased lethargy. Brain MRI revealed ring-enhancing lesions typical of abscesses in the right cerebellum. Transoesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) was performed to look for the source of his abscesses, and uncovered a sinus venosus type atrial septal defect. Cardiac CT was carried out; the patient was found to have a sinus venosus atrial septal defect with partial anomalous pulmonary venous return. Moreover, dental examination showed multiple dental caries with poor oral hygiene. The patient was started on intravenous empiric antibiotics and steroids. Subsequent brain imaging showed almost complete resolution of the abscesses. The patient's symptoms started to improve, and he was eventually sent to an intensive rehabilitation centre with future plans to surgically correct his congenital heart disease to prevent further complications.
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PMID:Sinus venosus atrial septal defect presenting with brain abscesses in a 77-year-old immunocompetent patient. 2647 81

Sudden illness while driving has been identified as a major cause of vehicle collisions, accounting for approximately 1 in 10 collisions. Because most drivers who experience sudden illnesses while driving do not perform avoidance maneuvers, the improvement of drivers' health is being promoted as a traffic safety strategy. Although stroke, heart disease, and epilepsy are common causes of sudden illness, common symptoms, such as abdominal cramps, vertigo, and syncope can also cause problems during driving. We found that regular referral to physicians was significantly less common among drivers who experienced health-related vehicle collisions or incidents. Inadequate control of chronic disease might lead to unusual symptoms and the onset of major attacks. Medications are prescribed to patients to relieve their symptoms and/or bring their diseases under control. However, pharmacists and doctors should ensure that patients are treated with appropriate medications to avoid drivers being distracted due to adverse reactions to medications. The author suggests that it is important to keep drivers in good health and administer appropriate medications if necessary. Both pharmacists and doctors should warn drivers that sudden illness or medication-associated distractions can cause vehicle collisions. Such interventions might contribute to reducing the frequency of sudden illness-related vehicle collisions.
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PMID:Medication and Driving-Appropriate Interventions. 2825 Mar 26


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