Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The weight of the evidence suggests a positive relationship between alcohol consumption and HDLc. The relationship showed a linear dose response relationship with HDLc over the range of alcohol consumption from non-drinkers to alcoholics. The effect appears to be reversible since changes in alcohol intake result in changes in HDLc. Preliminary evidence has suggested that in alcoholics, the effect may primarily be on the HDL-2 subfraction, while in the general population, it may primarily raise the HDL-3 subfraction. Limited research has shown a positive relationship between alcohol consumption and apo A-I levels. The exact underlying mechanisms for this relationship is not known. It remains to be determined if alcohol also exerts an effect on Coronary Heart Disease that is independent of its effect on HDLc. It is important to further evaluate these important leads both because it may provide a better understanding of the relationship between HDL, lipoprotein metabolism and coronary artery disease and the role of alcohol in the genesis of heart disease. A public health recommendation to increase alcohol consumption to reduce risk of heart attack is not indicated. Cessation of moderate alcohol consumption, however, should also not be part of the current recommendation to improve lipoprotein profiles.
Adv Alcohol Subst Abuse 1987
PMID:Studies on the association between alcohol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol: possible benefits and risks. 331 May 49

Abuse of doping agents may pose a higher risk for heart disease including acute myocardial infarction. We report the case of a 50-year-old body-builder Caucasian man with a long-standing abuse of nandrolone and erythropoietin that developed a ventricular septal defect following acute myocardial infarction. This mechanical complication led to cardiogenic shock ultimately treated with the implantation of a circulatory support by means of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The patient subsequently underwent orthotopic heart transplantation. The association of intense isometric exercise, abuse of erythropoietin and nandrolone is likely to have predisposed to coronary thrombus formation and acute myocardial infarction, as the patient presented no traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
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PMID:Cardiogenic shock complicating myocardial infarction in a doped athlete. 1933 37

We aimed to examine pharmacologic, demographic and medical comorbidity risk factors for opioid-related mortality among patients currently receiving methadone for an opioid use disorder. We conducted a population-based, nested case-control study linking healthcare and coroner's records in Ontario, Canada, from January 31, 1994 to December 31, 2010. We included social assistance recipients receiving methadone for an opioid use disorder. Within this group, cases were those who died of opioid-related causes. For each case, we identified up to 5 controls matched on calendar quarter. The primary analysis examined the association between use of psychotropic drugs (benzodiazepines, antidepressants or antipsychotics) and opioid-related mortality. Secondary analyses examined the associations between baseline characteristics, health service utilization, comorbidities and opioid-related mortality. Among 43,545 patients receiving methadone for an opioid use disorder, we identified 175 (0.4%) opioid-related deaths, along with 873 matched controls. Psychotropic drug use was associated with a two fold increased risk of opioid-related death (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.0; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2 to 3.5). Specifically, benzodiazepines (adjusted OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.1 to 2.5) and antipsychotics (adjusted OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.5 to 3.5) were independently associated with opioid-related death. Other associated factors included chronic lung disease (adjusted OR 1.7; 95% CI 1.2 to 2.6), an alcohol use disorder (adjusted OR 1.9; 95% CI 1.2 to 3.2), mood disorders (adjusted OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.0 to 3.2), and a history of heart disease (adjusted OR 5.3; 95% CI 2.0 to 14.0). Psychotropic drug use is associated with opioid-related death in patients receiving methadone. Mindfulness of these factors may reduce the risk of death among methadone recipients.
J Subst Abuse Treat 2015 Oct
PMID:Predictors of Opioid-Related Death During Methadone Therapy. 2601 16

There is an association between the experience of childhood maltreatment and opioid misuse in adults, especially for women. However, we know little about this association in pregnancy, and less about processes that could be the target of interventions to help women better parent their infants. We examined reflective functioning as a putative process. Reflective functioning is the ability to interpret one's own and others' behavior in terms of underlying mental states, e.g., emotions, motivations, and beliefs. We sampled 55 pregnant women who misused opioids and 38 women at high risk due to medical factors, e.g., heart disease. We assessed maltreatment with the Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE; Teicher & Parigger, 2015), and reflective functioning with the Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (RFQ; Fonagy et al., 2016). Maltreatment variables included the sum of severity across all subtypes, number of subtypes experienced, and severity of sexual, physical, and emotional abuse, and of neglect. We created a categorical opioid user group variable: women who used opioids in pregnancy vs. high-risk medical comparisons. We found that women who used opioids in pregnancy had poorer reflective functioning than did high-risk medical comparisons. We also created an opioid use severity scale (ranging from 0 to 3) from urine assays and history of prescribed opioids from medical records. Using Hayes (2012)'s bootstrapping PROCESS macro, we found that reflective functioning mediated the association between all maltreatment variables and opioid use severity. We discuss the results in terms of how best to intervene to improve women's reflective functioning, which may help their ability to parent.
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PMID:Pregnant women's history of childhood maltreatment and current opioid use: The mediating role of reflective functioning. 3186 66