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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Among the causes of death of 43 scoliotics were 5 directly due to complications of congenital heart disease. Over half (57.9%) of the remaining 38 died of cardiac or respiratory causes. The paralytic scolitoics tended to die of pneumonia or respiratory failure, while the nonparalytic scoliotics died of cardiac failure. Right ventricular hypertrophy was present in 65% of the 17 subjects examined postmortem. Electrocardiographic evidence of right ventricular hypertrophy correlated well with the postmortem findings. The vital capacity was less than 1.75 liters in 84% of the dead subjects. The case records of a further 719 living scoliotics were examined for evidence of congenital heart disease. This was found in: 34 (4.5%) of the whole group of 762, 6.9% of the congenital ; 3.4% of the idiopathic scoliotics; 22.7% of those with Marfan's syndrome.
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PMID:Causes of death, right ventricular hypertrophy, and congenital heart disease in scoliosis. 15 77

A 21 month old female had voluntarily ingested 0.5-1.51 of isotonic sports drink daily from 10 months of age. She developed hyponatremia and beriberi heart disease, which resulted in metabolic acidosis and cardiogenic shock (shoshin beriberi). Mechanical ventilation was applied for pulmonary edema. Right heart failure was improved after administering vitamin B1. However, 5 days after the shock, hypoxemia and diffuse radiographic infiltrates progressed, and a diagnosis of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was made. After the occurrence of an air leak, the patient died of respiratory failure. The cardiogenic shock and pulmonary edema due to cardiac beriberi may have triggered the ARDS.
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PMID:Cardiac beriberi (shoshin beriberi) caused by excessive intake of isotonic drink. 141 37

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of patients with congenital heart disease who were given extracorporeal life support (ECLS) for respiratory failure. Underlying congenital heart disease "masked" by respiratory failure occurred in 2%. The most frequent pre-ECLS diagnosis that "masked" congenital heart disease was persistent fetal circulation. Of neonates with a pre-ECLS diagnosis of persistent fetal circulation, congenital heart disease was found in 56 (9%) of 623 patients.
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PMID:Unsuspected congenital heart disease in neonates receiving extracorporeal life support: a review of ninety-five cases from the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry. 162 68

Fifty-one patients under the age of 18 with histologic-proven malignant urinary tract tumors were encountered at the Department of Pediatrics of National Taiwan University Hospital from 1979 to 1989. There were 47 tumors arising from the kidney, 2 from the bladder, and 2 from the urethra. For upper urinary tract tumors, abdominal mass (92%) and abdominal distension (86%) were the most common symptoms and signs. For lower urinary tract tumors, painless hematuria, bladder distension and urinary difficulty were most frequently encountered. Associated anomalies were found in one-fifth of our patients, including kyphosis, undescended testes, hypospadias, inguinal hernia, intersex and congenital heart disease. Diagnosis was aided by plain X ray, abdominal ultrasonography, intravenous pyelography, computed tomography, or angiography in upper urinary tract tumors, and cystoscopy, cystography and computed tomography in lower urinary tract tumors. Multimodal treatment including total excision, multiagent chemotherapy, and radiotherapy were performed. Postoperative complications included infection (22%), ascites (19%), ileus, pleural effusion, scoliosis, neuropathies, and growth retardation. The local recurrence rate was 32%, and the metastatic rate was 34%. The overall mortality rate was 53% for an average follow-up period of 38 months. The causes of death included sepsis, respiratory failure and hepatic failure. The two-year survival rate was 47.6%. The important prognostic factors included histology, staging and vascular invasion, in addition to combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
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PMID:Malignant urinary tract tumor in childhood. 168 60

We report our experience with five children with pulmonary embolism and infarction. Two with congenital heart disease, one with rheumatic cardiopathy and two with a previously healthy cardiopulmonary system. The risk factors, clinical behavior and ECG were similar to those in adults. In chest roentgenogram we found pulmonary infarction with cavitations in three patients because of a delayed diagnosis. All patients had hypoxemia and hypocapnia, and diagnosis was made on the basis of segmentary or larger defects in perfusion gammagraphy. In just one case we obtained V/Q gammagraphy and pulmonary angiography. In one case we confirmed the clinical diagnosis by autopsy. We conclude that it is very important to keep this diagnosis in mind in all children with respiratory failure.
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PMID:[Pulmonary thromboembolism in children]. 177 17

A retrospective analysis of 12-year experience with open heart surgery in 74 patients 70 years of age and older during 1979 and 1990 was performed. The subjects consisted of 51 patients with coronary artery disease, 11 with acquired valvular disease, 2 with congenital heart disease and 10 with combined heart disease. Operative mortality was 9% and late mortality, 16%. The incidence of low output syndrome and respiratory failure were significantly high postoperatively. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that determinants of operative prognosis were postinfarction ventricular septal perforation, aortic cross-clamp time, preoperative renal dysfunction and coronary-valvular combined disease. Actuarial survival rate at 5 years was 89% for an entire series, which was favorably compared with age-sex matched population.
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PMID:[Evaluation of early and late results of open heart surgery in 74 patients 70 years of age and older]. 194 72

Respiratory failure accompanied by cardiac failure occurs mostly due to decreased PaO2. However, sometimes we encounter patients with cardiac failure having on increase of PaCO2, who develop CO2 narcosis in the ICU. In this study we evaluated hypoventilation respiratory failure in patients with cardiac failure. Seventy-six patients with both respiratory failure and cardiac failure caused by intrinsic heart disease, who required mechanical ventilation in the ICU were studied. The patients were divided into 2 groups; hypoxic respiratory failure group (n = 53) and hypoventilation respiratory failure group (n = 23). Blood gas analysis and cardiovascular hemodynamics including arterial blood pressure, heart rate and Swan-Ganz catheter findings were performed before, during and after mechanical ventilation in each patient. Mortality rate and its relation to hemodynamic variables were also evaluated in each group. In both groups even when it was possible to maintain oxygenation capacity by conducting mechanical ventilation against severe respiratory failure, what can be said about the prognosis is that it depended totally on the improvement of cardiac function. The mechanism by which hypoxemia is displayed due to cardiogenic pulmonary edema is already well known, but in regard to the mechanism of hypercapnia in cases with hypersensitivity of the airways it is thought that through induction of cardiogenic pulmonary edema bronchial spasms is induced, and this causes hypercapnia. However, it is also possible to consider cardiac asthma as the cause. Among respiratory failure cases due to cardiogenic pulmonary edema that occurs in association with heart failure, there is both hypoxic respiratory failure as well as hypoventilation respiratory failure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Study on the respiratory failure with cardiac failure--focus on hypoventilation respiratory failure]. 221 87

Thirteen cases of congenital tracheal stenosis (CTS) were retrospectively studied in terms of operative indication and treatment. The intratracheal transverse ratio of the stenotic/normal diameter (stenotic ratio, SR) was obtained by chest X-ray, tracheogram or autopsy, as one of the parameters of stenosis. SR ranged from 0.14 to 0.50 (mean 0.35 +/- 0.13 SD). Two cases (SR = 0.14) received tracheal resection and reanastomosis successfully. In three cases with pulmonary artery sling (PAS), PA translocation was performed to release tracheal compression. One (SR = 0.49) had good result but two (SR = 0.20, 0.30) died from respiratory failure (RF) and autopsy revealed PAS. Four cases underwent surgery for congenital heart disease (CHD), 3 (SR = 0.41, 0.46, 0.49) had good results but one (SR = 0.36) died from RF. In four cases medically treated, 3 (SR = 0.40, 0.44, 0.50) improved with growth but one (SR = 0.25) died before operation due to RF and autopsy revealed PAS. When SR greater than or equal to 0.40, cases without PAS improved with conservative treatment, those with PAS improved by PA translocation, and those with CHD tolerated open heart surgery. When SR less than 0.40, tracheal reconstruction is indicated. Cases with PAS would require primary or staged operation of PA translocation + tracheal reconstruction. The most appropriate therapy should be selected on the basis of symptoms, associated diseases and parameter of tracheal stenosis, for instance "SR".
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PMID:[Treatment of congenital tracheal stenosis. Retrospective study of thirteen cases]. 277 Jun 86

Two children with cardiac pacemakers are described who experienced cardiorespiratory arrest not detected by the electrocardiographic (ECG) monitor. The pacemaker stimuli were interpreted by the monitor as a QRS complex with inhibition of the heart rate alarm, demonstrating the need for reliable non-ECG monitoring in patients with pacemakers. A review of all deaths in children with pacemakers in the last ten years also shows the high association of respiratory failure in patients with congenital heart disease and a pacemaker, underscoring this need. Various non-ECG monitoring modalities are discussed. Finally, analysis of the ECG monitor characteristics contributing to inappropriate sensing of the pacemaker stimulus was performed, showing the direct relation between the pacemaker stimulus amplitude seen by the monitor and the monitor sensitivity with inappropriate sensing, and the inverse relation between the monitor bandwidth and inappropriate sensing. Recommendations for monitor adjustment when monitoring patients with pacemakers are provided.
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PMID:Failure of electrocardiographic monitoring to detect cardiac arrest in patients with pacemakers. 291 34

Biopsy or necropsy specimens of lung from 28 patients with congenital heart disease and Down's syndrome were studied to establish the cause of the postoperative respiratory failure often seen in such cases. Changes in lungs seen after operation included interstitial emphysema and overdistension of peripheral air spaces, associated with hypoplastic alveoli and deficient elastic fibres in the alveolar wall. In specimens taken before operation alveolar hypoplasia was common but interstitial emphysema or overdistension of lower airways was found only rarely. Findings suggest that alveolar hypoplasia is characteristic of Down's syndrome and that distension of peripheral air spaces or interstitial emphysema was due to artificial inflation of the lung during surgery. The severity of the lesions correlated significantly with the duration of artificial respiration and with the severity of the respiratory failure. Hypoplastic lung tissue in patients with Down's syndrome appears to be more susceptible to mechanical stress, and this is likely to be the cause of postoperative respiratory failure.
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PMID:Pulmonary changes in congenital heart disease with Down's syndrome: their significance as a cause of postoperative respiratory failure. 316 Dec 4


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