Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The mortality profile of female nurses and teachers in British Columbia (BC) was examined using age-standardized proportional mortality ratios (PMRs) calculated for the period 1950-1984. Lowered overall mortality among nurses was seen for degenerative heart disease and for cerebrovascular accidents. Significantly elevated PMR values were observed for cancer of the breast and ovary in nurses of age 20-65 years. PMRs were significantly elevated for cancer of the pancreas and leukemia among those age 20 years and older. Elevated values were also observed for motor vehicle accidents and suicide among nurses in both age groups. Lower than expected mortality from degenerative heart disease and cerebrovascular accidents was seen in working age teachers (age 20-65 years). However, elevated PMRs were detected for carcinoma of the colon, breast, endometrium, brain, and melanoma. Among those 20 years and over, significantly elevated PMRs were also observed for cancers of the ovary and other digestive organs. Elevated PMRs were found for motor vehicle and aircraft accidents. Mortality from cirrhosis of the liver was lower than anticipated in both teachers and nurses. A number of significant PMRs declined when deaths of "homemakers" were withdrawn from the comparison group used to generate PMR values, suggesting that risk of death from various causes among women working outside the home differ from those seen in women who are predominantly in the home.
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PMID:Mortality among female registered nurses and school teachers in British Columbia. 807 20

In recent years health professionals have been concerned about the health of aborigines which has been neglected for a long time. Health disparities are known to exist among aborigines and non-aborigines in the United States or other countries. In Taiwan, there are nine main aboriginal tribes consisting of approximately 330,000 people. In general, their health status, evaluated by life expectancy, mortality rates and the prevalence and incidence of various diseases amongst them, is worse than amongst the rest of the Taiwanese (general) population. Current investigations indicate that life expectancy for aborigines is on average 10 years less than that of the general population; 12.5 years less for men, 6 years less for women; approaching a standardized mortality ratio of 2 fold, that is 2.1 fold in men, 1.7 fold in women. Accidental injures, suicide, tuberculosis, liver cirrhosis, alcoholism, pneumonia, bronchitis, parasite infections are the most important sources of diseases. Hypertension, heart disease, some selected sites of cancer, nutrition and lack of adaptation are gradually becoming important new sources of disorders. Although aboriginal health has improved over the decades, the author estimates that their overall health status is 25-30 years behind that of the general population or of off-shore islanders. The extent of their development varies with tribes. It is necessary to study the cause of why aborigines die so young. It may be due to insufficient medical care for heart disease whose prevalence is relatively low among aborigines but resultant mortality is nevertheless high. However, insufficient medical care cannot explain the high incidence of a number of cancers and resultant mortality. All factors relating to the environment, agents, hosts and diseases should be taken into consideration, such culture, transportation, life style, health behavior etc, and compared to those of non-aborigines. A series of studies are proposed to address the specific, multi-dimensional health demands of the aborigines. The author suggests the development of prevention and intervention strategies designed to overcome difficulties and barriers to eliminate these disparities among the people of Taiwan.
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PMID:[Issues on aboriginal health in Taiwan]. 808 70

Depression is a common and treatable condition. Failure to diagnose it may lead to unnecessary investigations, delay in treatment and an increased risk of suicide. Anti-depressant drugs are the first line of treatment. Tricyclics are generally the drugs of choice as their efficacy is very well established. Second generation antidepressant drugs are preferred for the elderly and those with heart disease as they tend to have milder side effects and are less toxic in overdose. Electroconvulsive therapy is indicated in those with severe depression, high suicide risk or failed drug treatment. Psychotherapy is usually used as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy whilst lithium is used to prevent recurrence of depression.
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PMID:A practical approach to the management of depression. 815 97

High proportions of U.S. high school students engage in behaviors that place them at increased risk for the leading causes of death and morbidity (e.g., motor-vehicle crashes and other unintentional injuries, homicide, suicide, heart disease, and cancer), unintended pregnancy, and infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted diseases. Because efforts to measure health-risk behaviors among adolescents throughout the United States have not included those who do not attend school, the prevalences of those behaviors are probably underestimated for the total adolescent population. To characterize more accurately the prevalence of selected health-risk behaviors among adolescents aged 12-19 years who do and do not attend school, CDC analyzed self-reported national data from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), conducted as part of the 1992 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). This report summarizes the results of the analysis.
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PMID:Health risk behaviors among adolescents who do and do not attend school--United States, 1992. 830 60

In 1968, a B-52 bomber carrying nuclear bombs crashed near the Thule US Air-Base in Greenland. By 1986, many cases of disease had been reported among Danish workers employed at the base. A database has been constructed from staff files of workers employed from 1963 to 1971. Of 4,322 workers, 98.7% were identified in 1987. The study group consisted of 1,202 workers employed during the clean up period (from the time of the crash until the last of the contaminated material had been removed). The reference group consisted of 3,120 workers employed outside the clean up period. No differences were found in total mortality, or mortality from cancer, heart disease or accidents between the groups after adjusting for age, marital status and length of employment. Mortality from suicide was lower in the study group. The hospitalization rates for the period 1977-1985 also showed no differences between the two groups. The conclusion of the register surveys is that no harmful effect on health due to the crash can be established by measuring mortality or hospital admissions.
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PMID:[The Thule case. Mortality and hospitalization after the crash of an American B-52 bomber in 1968]. 834 74

The dramatic increase in Asian Pacific Americans has created a different set of social, economic and health issues for the country as well as for this state. Asian Pacific Americans are extremely heterogeneous and bipolar in socioeconomic status and health issues. Asian Pacific Islander Americans come from over 43 countries and speak over 100 languages and dialects. This study reveals that in this state, 23% of Asian Pacific American households are linguistically isolated. Almost 20% of Asian Pacific American families (married couples with children under 5 years old) have an income below the poverty line. The need for severe mental health service is four times higher for southeast Asian refugees than the overall population. The death rates from communicable disease and suicide are lowest for Asian Pacific Americans, and for Asian Pacific Americans, the age-adjusted death rates are widely different. For example, people with Hawaiian background appear to have a high incidence of death from heart disease (363.3 per 100,000) whereas Chinese experienced a higher incidence of death from cancer (70.2 per 100,000). The Asian Pacific Americans have the lowest infant mortality rate. This paper suggests that providers, educators and legislators should pay more attention to Asian Pacific American communities regarding socioeconomic and health care needs to create a healthy and productive community.
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PMID:Health status of Asian Pacific Americans in Missouri. 855 28

Over the past 324 years, Charleston, South Carolina, has triumphed over rampant infectious disease only to be overcome by more modern plagues: heart disease, neoplasia, homicide, and suicide. Examination of death records of the state of South Carolina, Charleston City, and Charleston County provides us with a glimpse of the medical challenges of our recent past; it also reminds us of the scourges that still ravage underdeveloped countries. The 18th- and 19th-century South Carolinians were besieged by tuberculosis, diarrhea, and a myriad of fevers. These diseases, though prevalent in other parts of the world, result in limited mortality in the 20th-century United States. A review of the historic trends in mortality in Charleston is presented; current significant causes of death, with emphasis on recent trends in homicide, are also discussed.
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PMID:Death in Charleston, South Carolina. A retrospective. 859 45

The objective was to describe the extent to which HIV infection has become a major cause of death among young adults in Denmark. The design used was retrospective review of underlying causes of death recorded in the National Danish Register of Causes of Death on the basis of submitted death certificates. Analysis of mortality statistics revealed, that from 1980 to 1993 AIDS became the 5th leading cause of death among men 25 to 49 years of age in Denmark after cancer, accidents, suicide and heart disease. AIDS among women had little impact on the vital statistics in the period. In the municipalities of the City of Copenhagen AIDS was the major cause of death among men already from 1990 and in 1993 death from AIDS comprised 25% of all causes (n = 107, death rate = 88/100,000). The rising rates of deaths attributed to AIDS among younger men show no sign of decreasing neither in the capital nor in the country as a whole.
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PMID:[AIDS--the leading cause of death among young adult men in Copenhagen and Frederiksberg]. 865 Aug 13

Between 1972 and 1992 the death rate in Scotland in young adults aged 15 to 34 from heart disease fell by nearly a half (49%), from cancer by a third (32%) and from respiratory diseases by 45%, with substantial falls in deaths from most other "natural causes". All of this impressive improvement was wiped out, however, by a massive increase in deaths from drug abuse, suicides and undetermined causes as well as the emergence of AIDS. In view of the fact that many deaths due to drug misuse may be attributed instead to the immediate cause, there is an urgent need for a national agency to be set up to investigate all deaths in young adults in order to determine the number in which alcohol or drugs are the underlying cause. This agency would also monitor progress towards attaining Health of the Nation targets relating to suicide.
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PMID:The changing pattern of mortality in young adults aged 15 to 34 in Scotland between 1972 and 1992. 877 72

Recent research suggests that affective disorder is associated with increased mortality and physical morbidity, but the reasons for this association remain uncertain. This report describes a 50-year prospective study of 240 men evaluated from the time they were university students in 1940-1942. A family history of mental illness was obtained and the men's habits, psychological adjustment, and marital and occupational satisfaction were followed every 2 years and their objective physical health was tracked every 5 years until age 70. Twenty-five men were identified as having affective spectrum disorder prior to age 53. Of the variables studied, the presence of affective spectrum disorder was the most powerful predictor of poor psychosocial outcome at age 65 and one of the most powerful predictors of poor physical health. Alcohol abuse and cigarette abuse accounted for the observed increased rates of heart disease and cancer. When alcohol abuse, smoking, and suicide were controlled for, affective disorder made a significant contribution to physical morbidity by age 70, but not to mortality from natural causes. Affective spectrum disorder, even in an educated population without antisocial trends, carries a profound negative risk to late-life physical and social adjustment.
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PMID:1995 IPA/Bayer Research Awards in Psychogeriatrics. Late-life consequences of affective spectrum disorder. 880 87


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