Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A satellited Y chromosome (Yqs) occurred de novo in a boy born to first cousins. The child had severe mental retardation, facial dysmorphism, congenital heart disease, and amaurosis, and died at 6 months and of age. The chromosome rearrangement was confirmed by R-, G-, C-, Q-, and Ag-NOR banding. Its significance and the difficulty of genetic counseling are discussed.
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PMID:[Satellited Y chromosome (Yqs) and nucleolar organizer occurring de novo]. 31 64

Because the cause and natural history of amaurosis fugax and ocular infarction are unknown in most younger patients, we reviewed the records of 83 patients who had become symptomatic before the age of 45. Cerebral transient ischemic attacks had occurred in 9 of these patients but no case of stroke was found. A striking feature of these patients was that 41% had headache or orbital pain accompanying their amaurotic spells and an additional 25.3% had severe headaches independent of the visual loss. Results of laboratory studies were rarely abnormal and echocardiography disclosed that only 1 patient had previously unknown heart disease. Mitral valve prolapse was detected in 6.5%, a figure similar to that expected for the general population. Of the original 83 patients, 42 were reexamined after a mean period of 5.8 years. None of the patients in this group had had a stroke, and the clinical status at follow-up was not found to correlate with the duration of the visual loss (amaurosis fugax versus ocular infarction), frequency (single versus recurrent episodes), sex, presence of headache or heart disease, cigarette smoking, use of oral contraceptives, or abnormal findings on echocardiograms or laboratory studies. We conclude that amaurosis fugax and ocular infarction occurring in the younger patient are probably associated with a more benign clinical course than that seen in older persons and that migraine is a likely cause for the episodes of visual loss in a majority of this group. Because of this, we believe that a conservative approach to the evaluation of such patients seems warranted.
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PMID:Amaurosis fugax and ocular infarction in adolescents and young adults. 277 3

Fifty-nine patients had arteriography because of episodes of amaurosis fugax. Only one third of them had atherosclerotic lesions potentially treatable by carotid endarterectomy. Another third had normal arteriograms, some of these had migraine, heart disease or platelet disorders presumed to be the cause of their symptoms. Patients with amaurosis fugax are a heterogeneous group, and their visual symptoms should not be considered a specific indicator of stenosis of the internal carotid artery.
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PMID:Amaurosis fugax: the results of arteriography in 59 patients. 665 58

Radiofrequency catheter ablation was used to treat 179 patients aged 5 to 79 (37 +/- 17) years. Six patients had multiple accessory pathways. The total number of accessory pathways was 188, 47 conducting only retrogradely; among them, 8 had retrograde decremental properties. The location of the accessory pathways was: 81 at the left lateral position; 13 left posterior; 15 left posteroseptal; 24 posteroseptal; 16 midseptal; 16 right posteroseptal; 17 anteroseptal and 6 right lateral. All patients were symptomatic and six had congenital heart disease. Initial success was achieved in 159 patients (88.8%). Ten out the 20 patients in whom ablation failed underwent a second attempt and success was obtained in all but 3 patients. Final success was accomplished in 166 patients (92.7%). There were 14 recurrences (7.8%) all successfully ablated during a second procedure. The mean procedure duration time was 80 +/- 60 minutes, the mean radiation exposure time was 31 +/- 26 minutes and the mean number of radiofrequency applications was 9 +/- 10. Three patients developed complete atrioventricular block during the procedure requiring permanent pacing, one patient had a perforation of a previously unknown congenital aneurysm of the aorta solved by surgery and one patient had a transient amaurosis after the procedure attributed to microembolization. Radiofrequency ablation of accessory pathways is a safe and effective treatment.
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PMID:Radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrioventricular accessory pathways: experience in 179 patients. 794 16

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide with almost one-third of all cardiovascular deaths ascribed to stroke. Imaging modalities, such as CT, MRI, positron emission tomography (PET), and single photon emission CT (SPECT) provide tremendous insight into the pathophysiology of acute stroke. Computed tomography is considered the most important initial diagnostic study in patients with acute stroke, because underlying structural lesions, such as tumor, vascular malformation, or subdural hematoma, can mimic stroke clinically. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has the ability to visualize changes in diffusion within minutes after the onset of ischemia and has become a powerful tool in the evaluation of patients with stroke syndrome. Territories with diffusion and perfusion mismatch may define tissues at risk, but with potential recovery. An alternative strategy with CT technology uses rapid CT for dynamic perfusion imaging, with similar goals in mind. Angiography can be performed in the hyperacute stage if thrombolytic therapy is being considered. Indications for diagnostic angiography include transient ischemic attacks in a carotid distribution, amaurosis fugax, prior stroke in a carotid distribution, a high-grade stenotic lesion in a carotid artery, acquiring an angiographic correlation of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) or computed tomographic angiography (CTA) concerning stenotic findings. In 50% of all angiograms performed in the hyperacute stage, occlusion of a vessel is observed; however, the need for angiography has been made less necessary due to the improvements of MRA, duplex ultrasound, and CTA. Numerous etiologies can lead to infarction. In children, pediatric stroke is very uncommon. The most common cause is an embolus from congenital heart disease with right-to-left shunts. Also a dissection of large extracranial vessels may result in cerebral infarction, and although the brain is equipped with numerous venous drainage routes, the occlusion of a large sinus or a widespread vein obstruction will eventually lead to venous infarction. Thus, optimal stroke care requires not only early and exact identification of ischemia, but also a close collaboration between the clinician and radiologist.
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PMID:Non-traumatic neurological emergencies: imaging of cerebral ischemia. 1211 Oct 54

Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a common diagnosis in young adults with congenital heart disease. The aim of this study was to determine if ocular symptoms following percutaneous treatment are due to microemboli. The study group included 20 adult patients (9 men, 11 women, mean age 57.2 years) with ASD who had undergone successful closure with the Amplatzer occluder. The patients were treated with aspirin or warfarin during 6 months after the procedure. All were evaluated neurologically and an ocular medical history was obtained. Ocular examination included the 120-point Humphrey visual field. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) was performed to monitor the middle cerebral artery. Two patients complained of amaurosis fugax at 1 and 3 months after the procedure, and two patients complained of blurred vision at 3 and 4 months after the procedure. TCD performed for 45 minutes within 24 hours of the visual complaints revealed no abnormalities. In all patients, the neurological and ocular examinations, including the visual field test, were normal. In conclusion, microembolic events could not be demonstrated to be the cause of the ocular complaints in patients with ASD treated with Amplatzer occluder. Further studies in larger samples are needed to confirm these results.
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PMID:Do complaints of amaurosis fugax and blurred vision after transcatheter device closure of atrial septal defect indicate microemboli to retinal vessels? 1578 50