Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Anderson--Fabry's disease is an hereditary disease with an X-linked genetic transmission, caused by the congenital deficiency of the lysosomial enzyme alpha-galactosidase A. It is a rare disease, but the estimated 1 patient every 117.000 male population is increasing and this can be demonstrated by simplifying the dosage techniques for the enzyme. The clinical picture comes from the accumulation of glycosphingolipids in many organs, mainly vessels, heart, nervous tissue, kidney and sight. The histological lesion appears as damage to the lysosomial membrane with subsequent migration of the lipid corpuscles into the cytoplasm and the breakdown of metabolic cellular activities. Prior to the advent of enzyme replacement therapy, which is based on the administration of the recombinant enzyme, the course of the disease was certainly fatal (early death by ictus or ischemic cardiopathy, terminal kidney failure). Despite the positive results achieved, information obtained from the present observation research should be help to verify the validity of the enzyme replacement therapy.
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PMID:[Fabry disease]. 1641 4

To investigate the distribution of a single base pair mutation within a family with one known case of Fabry disease, DNA from paraffin wax embedded necropsy material was studied using single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. The proband, who presented with an atypical form of Fabry disease, had a G to A transition in exon 6 of the alpha-galactosidase A gene. This patient had mainly cardiac symptoms and late onset disease. Further cases of coronary disorders occurred in this family, including the proband's brother who died at 42 years of age of a cardiac disorder. Formalin fixed, paraffin wax embedded material from the brother and two more distant relatives was available for analysis. SSCP analysis showed that the proband's brother also carried the G to A transition. Thus, the atypical form of Fabry disease and unrelated cardiac diseases with similar clinical symptoms occurred within a single family. The variant form is rare but may account for a few of the numerous cases of cardiac disease in men and should be considered when clusters of cases of cardiac disease occur within a single family.
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PMID:SSCP analysis of paraffin wax embedded tissues in a family with an atypical form of Fabry disease. 1669 95

Anderson-Fabry disease is an X-linked disorder that is caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme alpha-galactosidase A. Symptoms include chronic progressive painful small-fibre neuropathy, cornea verticillata, renal failure and heart disease. Interestingly, female heterozygous patients may also show severe symptoms. After clinical suspicion, usually the determination of alpha-galactosidase activity in leukocytes is requested first. Alternatively, an enzymatic assay using dried blood specimens has been described. Dried blood samples require less material and are substantially more stable (several months at room temperature) than whole-blood specimens. To validate the new method and to asses its usefulness for diagnosis of female patients, enzyme activities of alpha-galactosidase, beta-galactosidase and beta-glucuronidase from 78 known Fabry patients were compared (29 males, 47 females) between both materials. In summary, the determination of alpha-galactosidase activity using dried blood and leukocytes as well as the ratio of alpha-galactosidase to beta-glucuronidase in dried blood can improve the diagnostic specificity in cases of female patients who are difficult to identify when only leukocyte enzyme activities are considered.
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PMID:Direct comparison of enzyme measurements from dried blood and leukocytes from male and female Fabry disease patients. 1769 54

Fabry disease is a lysosomal storage disorder that is caused by mutations in the gene encoding a-galactosidase A on Xq22.1. Typically hemizygous male patients exhibit classic phenotypes such as angiokeratoma, acroparesthesias, episodic pain "crises," hypohidrosis, and whorl-shaped corneal opacities from childhood. However, during adulthood, they gradually develop kidney failure, heart disease, and strokes resulting in early death between 40 to 50 years of age. However, recent studies have indicated a high prevalence of disabling clinical symptoms in heterozygous females patients. Patients having the cardiac variant of Fabry's disease exhibit only left ventricular hypertrophy, while patients having the renal variant exhibit only kidney failure. Individuals affected by these variants show higher residual enzyme activity of alpha-galactosidase A than individuals affected by the classic form of Fabry's disease due to missense mutations of the GLA gene. The cerebrovascular involvement in Fabry disease is not rare in both adult hemizygotes and heterozygotes. Infarctions caused by the occulsion of small vessels involving mostly the vertebrobasilar region in approximately two-thirds of the cases, and that is associated with the deposition glycoshingolipids including GL-3 in the walls of these vessels. In Caucasian patients, elongated, ectatic, and tortuous vertebral and basilar arteries are frequently observed on MRAs. Life-threatening megadolichobasilar anomaly with thrombosis has been identified in a large Hungarian family in which the family members share L16P mutation. On performing MRI, an increased signal intensity was observed in the pulvinar in T1-weighted images; this is the characteristic so-called "pulvinar sign". Enzyme replacement therapy has been approved in Japan since 2004 and 2007 for agalsidase beta and agalsidase alpha, respectively. This treatment modestly improves the small-fiber neuropathy, hypohidrosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and stabilizes the renal function in the long term for up to 54 months. However, it has not helped in decreasing the incidence of strokes.
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PMID:[Fabry disease in light of recent review]. 1906 57

Fabry disease is an X-linked inherited lysosomal disorder due to dysfunctions of the lysosomal enzyme alpha-galactosidase A, causing insufficient breakdown of glycolipids, which are stored in the eyes, kidneys, autonomic nervous system, skin, vessels and cardiovascular system. Manifestations of Fabry disease include progressive renal and cardiac insufficiency, neuropathic pain, stroke and cerebral disease, skin and gastrointestinal symptoms. Clinical onset usually occurs in childhood, but many severe patients are diagnosed in adulthood. Females may be severely affected as males and both may die prematurely due to stroke, heart disease and renal failure. Enzyme replacement therapy can stabilize or reduce the progression of the disease. There is a need to improve the knowledge of Fabry disease, as an early therapy may prevent complications of the disease. This brief overview aims to raise awareness of the signs and symptoms of Fabry disease and to summarize the effects of treatments.
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PMID:Fabry disease: raising awareness of the disease among physicians. 2307 62