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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We did a retrospective analysis of the clinical files of 26 neonates with arrhythmia born during the period between January 1994 and February 1999. Fourteen (53.8%) of the neonates were male and 16 (61.5%) had prenatal diagnosis. Four (15.3%) had associated congenital heart disease. Twenty-one (80.7%) had abnormal rhythm and five (19.2%) had cardiac conduction disorder. Digoxin was the therapy of first choice to restore normal rhythm, used in 66.6% of the patients, followed by adenosine (16.6%) and electrical cardioversion (16.6%). An epicardial pacemaker was used in two of the three neonates with complete atrioventricular (AV) block. One neonate died due to cerebral hemorrhage. All the neonates were discharged in a clinically stable condition and 16 (88.8%) of them were medicated with digoxin. In a follow-up period that varied from 0 to 71 months (mean of 30.8 months), two patients had an episode of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) after treatment withdrawal. Perinatal arrhythmias, although uncommon, can be life-threatening, and hence we consider our experience with these situations worth presenting.
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PMID:Perinatal arrhythmias -- diagnosis and treatment. 1194

Cardiac conduction defects that are associated with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) are generally considered to be sporadic clinical entities, although familial forms of disorders with these clinical features have been identified in a number of families in different countries. An autosomal dominant cardiac disorder characterised by conduction abnormalities and DCM, termed progressive familial heart block type II (PFHBII) (OMIM 140400), has been described in a South African Caucasian family of Northern European descent. Known candidate loci for isolated conduction disorders, isolated DCM and conduction disorders complicated by DCM were excluded from disease causation in this family by linkage analysis, with the exception of the DCM-associated (CMD1D) locus on chromosome 1q32, where a maximum multipoint lod score of 3.7 in the interval between D1S3753 and D1S414, was generated. This region encompassed the troponin T gene (TNNT2), however, genetic fine mapping and haplotype analysis excluded TNNT2 as cause of PFHBII and placed the disease-causative gene within a 3.9 cM (2.85 Mb) interval, flanked by D1S70 and D1S505. Analysis of KCNH1, KIAA0205, LAMB3 and PPP2R5A, which map within the critical interval, indicated that the PFHBII-causative mutation does not lie within the coding regions or splice junctions of these plausible candidate genes. The data indicate the existence of a novel locus involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac conduction abnormalities and DCM.
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PMID:A gene locus for progressive familial heart block type II (PFHBII) maps to chromosome 1q32.2-q32.3. 1608 76

Conduction disorders result in cardiac arrhythmias that may be fatal. Histiocytoid cardiomyopathy, Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, Isolated noncompaction of the left ventricle, Long QT syndrome (LQTS) and Brugada syndrome, are all well described. Congenital short QT syndrome is a new familial primary electrical disease of the heart, which is characterized by abnormally short QT interval and paroxysmal atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmias, including sudden cardiac death. An autosomal dominant mode of inheritance has been suggested. Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia is an inherited disease and occurs in the absence of structural heart disease or known associated syndromes. Although the histological appearance of some of these disorders may be diagnostic, molecular analysis is necessary to define clearly the particular type of cardiomyopathy.
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PMID:Cardiac conduction disorders in children. 1948 66

Conduction disorders in women are often presented as sick sinus syndrome in comparison to men who have more often disturbances of AV conduction diseases and sinus carotid diseases. Nearly every heart disease with prevalence of ischeamic heart disease and idiopathic degenerative fibrotic process, which leads to reduction number of trigger cells, can result in conduction disorders. As a gold standard in treatment is pacemaker implantation with appropriate pacing mode, after exclusion a reversable reason of the disease.
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PMID:[Sick sinus syndrome and conduction disorders in women--frequency, treatment]. 2515 16

Confronted with a competitive or recreational athlete, the physician has to discriminate between benign, paraphysiological and pathological arrhythmias. Benign arrhythmias do not represent a risk for SCD, nor do they induce haemodynamic consequences during athletic activities. These arrhythmias are not markers for heart disease. Paraphysiological arrhythmias are related to athletic performance. Long periods of endurance training induce changes in rhythm, conduction and repolarisation. These changes are fully reversible and disappear when the sport is terminated. Pathological arrhythmias have haemodynamic consequences and express disease, such as sick sinus syndrome, cardiomyopathy or inverse consequences of physical training. Arrhythmias can be classified as bradyarrhythmias and tachyarrhythmias. Conduction disorders can be seen in fast as well as in slow arrhythmias.
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PMID:Recommendations and cardiological evaluation of athletes with arrhythmias: Part 2. 2569 29

Atrial septal defects (ASDs) are the most common form of congenital heart disease. There are 4 embryologic types of ASDs, and rhythm considerations vary based on type. ASDs have left-to-right shunt and primarily right-sided volume overload. This leads to electrical remodeling that may predispose patients to atrial tachyarrhythmias and conduction disorders. Risk for arrhythmias is increased with late age of ASD repair, shunt size, other factors such as pulmonary hypertension and comorbid conditions. Arrhythmia incidence is decreased after ASD closure, but remains elevated compared to general population. Medical and procedural therapy for arrhythmias should consider type and timing of ASD repair. Conduction disorders are rare. Sinus node dysfunction may be seen with late age of repair and large shunt size. Sinus venosus ASD exhibits a higher rate of sinus node dysfunction, especially with older surgical techniques. Ostium primum ASD has higher risk of spontaneous or post-operative AV block, though this is rare with current surgical techniques. Risk of AV block with surgical repair or device closure of secundum ASD is rare. Familial ASDs and other forms of congenital heart disease may be seen with mutations in associated myocardial transcription factors NKX2.5, GATA4, TBX6, along with conduction disorders such as AV block.
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PMID:Arrhythmias and conduction disorders associated with atrial septal defects. 3030 54