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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study of 55 patients with heart disease suspected of being viral in origin was carried out a Medical College Hospital, Nagpur, over a period of 2 years. Virus studies as well as other routine tests were carried out on all patients. In 19 patients a virus aetiology of the heart disease was proved by isolation of one of the subtypes of Coxsackie B virus and/or on the basis of fourfold rise in neutralizing antibody titre in paired sera. Of these patients, 5 had acute myocarditis and 5 had acute myopericarditis; 3 had acute pericarditis; 3 had congestive cardiac failure of obscure aetiology; 2 had pleuropericarditis, and the remaining 1 developed post-partum heart failure with cardiogenic shock. All had electrocardiographic abnormalities. Thirteen had cardiomegaly; 1 had a right-sided pleural effusion and 2 had pericardial effusion. Virus could not be isolated from pericardial fluid or pleural fluid in these 3 patients. Follow-up studies up to 10 weeks from discharge revealed that 8 patients were clinically normal but 4 of these 8 had persisting ST-T wave changes, and in 4 the electrocardiogram had returned to normal. Of the remaining 11 patients, 3 had persistent chronic heart failure, 3 had vague symptoms of praecordial pain but no abnormal signs, and 5 patients were lost to follow-up.
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PMID:Heart disease caused by Coxsackie virus B infection. 12 98

A total of 87 cases of pericardial heart disease (73 of pericarditis and 14 of hemopericardium) among 870 consecutive autopsies of aged patients was studied. Fibrinofibrouspericarditis was found in 80.8% of pericarditis, neoplastic in 13.7% and purulent in 5.5%. Representative cases of each type of pericarditis were illustrated. Among fibrinofibrous pericarditis, idiopathic was the most common and the other causes included irradiation, myocardial infarction, renal failure, rheumatoid arthritis and hypothyroidism. Frequent association of congestive heart failure or anasarca with mild to moderate fibrinofibrous pericarditis was noted. Clinical and morphologic evidences of pulmonary tuberculosis were present in nearly one third of cases with fibrinofibrious pericarditis, but actual incidence of tuberculous pericarditis could not be determined. Incidence of clinical signs and symptoms of acute pericarditis was evaluated with the stress on the relatively high incidence of supraventricular tachyarrhythmias, especially in cases with histological evidence of sinus node involvement in aged cases.
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PMID:A clinicopathological study on pericardial heart disease in the aged. 64 89

One hundred consecutive patients were examined to ascertain the incidence of clinically significant arrhythmias during acute pericarditis. Only seven arrhythmias, all atrial, occurred, and these only in patients with heart disease. It appears that the vulnerability of the sinus node to being engulfed by subepicardial extension of the inflammatory process is insufficient by itself to provoke arrhythmias in the absence of disease of the myocardium, valves, or coronary arteries.
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PMID:Arrhythmias during acute pericarditis. A prospective study of 100 consecutive cases. 94 99

Radiation-induced cardiotoxicity is a factor not to be neglected, especially after mediastinal irradiation in Hodgkin's disease and Non-Hodgkin-Lymphoma. Caused by primary and secondary radiation lesions, cardiopathy may develop up to several years after treatment. Clinically, acute pericarditis is prevalent. To reduce cardiac long-term side effects, adequate radiation technique is crucial. Diagnosis and therapy in radiation-induced cardiopathy are presented.
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PMID:[Side effects of percutaneous radiotherapy in the area of the thorax: cardiac toxicity of mantle field irradiation]. 179 41

We describe the clinical characteristics and actuarial survival of a consecutive cohort of 41 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and clinical pericarditis who were seen at the Mayo Clinic between 1970 and 1987 and followed up until death or through 1987. The survivors were followed up for a median of 5.1 years. Approximately three-fourths of our patients had acute pericarditis, the remainder having recurrent acute pericarditis, chronic pericarditis with effusion, or chronic constrictive pericarditis. Most patients had symmetrical joint swelling, morning stiffness, subcutaneous nodules, rheumatoid factor, and classic radiographic changes of rheumatoid arthritis. Common extra-articular features included fatigue, loss of weight, and fever. Dyspnea or orthopnea, typical pericardial pain, peripheral edema, tachycardia, tachypnea, a diminished mean blood pressure, a pericardial friction rub, jugular venous distension, rales, radiographic evidence of cardiomegaly and pleural effusions, and abnormal echocardiograms were the most common cardiac manifestations. An elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and anemia were other common laboratory findings. Our cohort demonstrated decreased survival in comparison with an age- and sex-matched North Central white population (from the upper midwestern United States), especially during the first year after diagnosis. Increasing age, the presence of other heart disease, an increasing total number of other extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis, jugular venous distention, and a lower mean blood pressure were associated with decreased survival.
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PMID:Rheumatoid pericarditis: clinical features and survival. 231 40

In emergency surgery, the essential prerequisites for success are speed, promptitude and precision. For this reason diagnosis must be equally prompt and precise and may require not only clinical examination but also a number of instrumental examinations designed to confirm or even to formulate the diagnosis which is usually the case in precordialgias of cardiovascular origin. In such syndromes ultrasound cardiography is particularly advantageous for the following reasons: it is non-invasive, provides immediate results and any number of examinations can be performed on the patient in bed. Since such ultrasound techniques are also reliably accurate, they constitute the method of choice when the patient's condition is critical, when a serial study of a single patient is required and when the results are required immediately, as is the case in emergency heart surgery. Four types of ultrasound cardiography are currently available for the diagnosis of precordialgias of cardiovascular origin: 1) one dimensional M-mode echocardiography; 2) two dimensional real time echocardiography; 3) Doppler ultrasound cardiography; 4) the echo-Doppler system in which Doppler ultrasound cardiography is combined with one or two dimensional echocardiography. Acute precordial pain of cardiovascular origin may be due to the following pathological conditions: 1) ischaemic cardiopathy especially acute myocardial infarction and transitory myocardial ischaemia; 2) acute pericarditis; 3) aortic stenosis; 4) idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis; 5) mitral prolapse; 6) dissecting aneurysm of the aorta; 7) pulmonary thromboembolism. In all these cases the single and two dimensional image and Doppler ultrasound cardiography provide highly sensitive and specific information that is, in some cases, decisive for diagnosis and in others confirms the diagnosis already formulated. In addition these techniques may provide valuable prognostic data. Ultrasound cardiography is indeed useful in all cardiological emergencies, such as those caused by cardiomegaly, new and developing murmurs, peripheral embolisms, cardiac traumas and arrhythmias. It is therefore suggested that every Emergency and Intensive Care Unit should be able to use the resources offered by ultrasound cardiography in diagnosis.
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PMID:[Emergency ultrasound cardiography in acute precordial pain of cardiovascular origin]. 362 31

Twenty-four-hour electrocardiographic monitoring in 49 of 50 consecutive patients with acute pericarditis and sinus rhythm at onset (29 with etiologic or unrelated heart disease) disclosed 4 instances of intermittent supraventricular tachycardia, 2 in patients in whom tamponade developed and 1 in a patient with acute myocardial infarction. Eight other arrhythmias, also nonsustained. occurred exclusively in patients with heart disease. Ectopic beats without other arrhythmia occurred in 10 patients without heart disease, but were infrequent (1 to 30 per hour) in 9. Ectopic beats without other arrhythmias occurred in 19 patients with heart disease but were infrequent in 16. Pericarditis per se does not appear to be a recognizable arrhythmogenic influence. As a corollary, significant rhythm disturbance--particularly continuous-beat arrhythmias--during acute pericarditis implies a cardiac abnormality.
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PMID:Frequency of arrhythmias in acute pericarditis determined by Holter monitoring. 670 35

Acute elevation of the ST segment in several ECG leads was observed in seven patients with bacterial shock during the course of therapy. Six patients had bacterial pneumonia, one had acute cholecystitis, and none had a previous history of heart disease. At the onset of the ST elevation, all patients were receiving dopamine infusion, which in four of them was inadvertently increased shortly before the ECG changes, the ST elevation was not associated with chest pain, pericardial friction rub, or acute changes in the heart rate, or arterial blood pressure. In four patients the maximum ST elevation was greater than or equal to 5 mm. In each instance the ST segment returned to the isoelectric line within 24 hours, and subsequent development of Q waves or changes in the QRS was not observed. Although the existence of an acute pericarditis or an acute myocarditis as possible causes of the ST elevation cannot be fully ruled out, the sudden onset, prominent magnitude, and brief duration of the ST elevation are perhaps more indicative of an acute ischemic event, possibly related to a transient coronary vasoconstriction induced by the dopamine infusion.
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PMID:Acute and transient ST segment elevation during bacterial shock in seven patients without apparent heart disease. 706 10

Stage One ST segment deviations are virtually diagnostic of acute pericarditis when typically distributed among limb and precordial ECG tracings. Atypical ECG responses include absence of ST deviations, which conceals the diagnosis, and restricted distribution of ST deviations, which suggests myocardial injury. Among 44 consecutive patients with acute pericarditis, 19 (43%) had atypical ECGs. Although all 19 had a pericardial rub, eight had no ST deviations in the limb leads and seven developed no ST changes, including three with no ECG abnormalities of any kind. Patients with typical ECGs by ST segment criteria were more likely to progress to T wave inversion. PR segment deviations occurred in 14 patients with typical, and 14 with atypical ECGs. In four of the latter, the PR segment shifts were the only ECG sign. Presence or absence of heart disease and etiology of pericarditis could not be statistically associated with particular electrocardiographic responses.
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PMID:Atypical electrocardiogram in acute pericarditis: characteristics and prevalence. 735 64

Sixteen children, aged 7 months to 12 years, with acute pericarditis, admitted between 1985 and 1993 to a tertiary referral centre were analyzed retrospectively for their presentation, etiology, work-up, management and prognosis. It was found that most of the presenting signs were not specific and were often related to associated diseases such as respiratory tract infections. In 50% of the cases a cause was not found, the others had viral infections (12.5%), tuberculosis (12.5%), Haemophilus influenzae infection (6.25%), Toxocara canis infection (6.25%) and collagen diseases (12.5%). In eight cases non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs associated with steroids were given, 7 patients received non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and 1 steroids. The mean follow-up time was 3 years (1 to 5). Six patients had one or more relapses. Five of the 6 patients with relapses were in the group which received steroids. The two patients with tuberculosis underwent pericardiectomy. One child died due to complex heart disease and the remaining 15 were cured. It was concluded that in pericarditis an extensive work-up may not reveal the major etiologies and that long term prognosis is good.
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PMID:[Acute pericarditis in childhood. The 9-year experience of a tertiary referral center]. 923 47


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