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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A survey was carried out amongst 7062 people of different age groups in Dacca city and in a village. It was found that 207 (2.92%) persons had some sort of heart disease. Hypertension was present in 83 (1.10%) persons. Rheumatic heart disease, ischaemic heart disease and cardiac arrhythmia were detected in 53 (0.75%), 24 (0.33%) and 16 (0.22%) persons respectively. Congenital heart disease was found in 13 (0.18%) individuals, and 18 (0.25%) persons were suffering from cardiomypathy or corpulmonale. Rheumatic heart disease was common in poor people of younger age. More ischaemic heart disease was found in well-to-do people but poor people were not immune from this.
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PMID:Congenital and acquired heart diseases: (A survey of 7062 persons). 103 68

In 1912 Goulston advocated glucose therapy for several different kinds of heart disease, and in 1933 Shirley-Smith recommended glucose and insulin for coronary artery disease. Thirty years later, Laborit noted that treatment of rabbits with glucose and insulin prevented ventricular fibrillation induced by potassium chloride solutions. Sodi-Pallares et al, pioneers in glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK) therapy for heart disease, showed not only that potassium may be a major excitant in the genesis of ventricular tachycardia in the ischemic heart but that GIK solution was capable of enhancing oxidative phosphorylation in the ischemic heart. Interest in GIK therapy for ischemic heart disease has been renewed as the effects of GIK solutions on myocardial infarct size, metabolism and electrical properties are better understood. In this paper, selected new information regarding the actions of GIK and the clinical applications will be reviewed.
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PMID:Glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK) therapy for ischemic heart disease. 110 62

A study of 3,726 Appalachian coal miners was undertaken to determine the standard mortality ratio (SMR) for heart disease and to ascertain the effect of smoking, excess weight, and the level of physical activity on deaths due to this cause, SMR's were calculated for all forms of heart disease and also separately for ischemic heart disease. For heart disease as a whole, SMR's of 73 for working and 104 for nonworking miners were obtained. It was found in both working and nonworking miners that obese smokers had the greatest risk of dying of heart disease (SMR's of 142 and 144, respectively). In the nonsupervisory underground work categories of face, transportation, and maintenance, an increase of SMR was observed, with face having the lowest and maintenance workers having the highest SMR. Use of all men from seven Appalachian states vs all US men as a standard population tended to slightly reduce the calculated SMR's.
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PMID:Mortality from heart disease in coal miners. 112 69

Deaths from ischemic heart disease(IHD) occurring during a period of one year in Helsinki in persons aged 65 years or younger have been investigated by the Ischaemic Heart Disease Register. Altogether 526 fatalities were registered. Autopsy data were collected in 432 cases, the autopsy rate being 82 percent. The results are presented separately for persons autopsied in the pathologic departments, representing mostly delayed deaths in hospitals, and for medico-legally autopsied persons representing sudden deaths outside hospitals. The diagnosis of IHD death was either based on the positive patho-anatomic or clinical evidence of an acute heart attack or supported by a history of clinical IHD in 92 percent of all registered fatal cases. In the remaining fatalities the possibility of other causes of death had been more or less definitely excluced. All persons with an acute attack of IHD and all autopsied cases showed a division into four socio-economic groups very similar to that of the population of Helsinki. Men belonging to the lowest social group were over-represented among medico-legally autopsied cases. A history of a previous heart disease, visits to a doctor and the use of digitalis were less common in persons autopsied medico-legally than in those autopsied in the pathologic departments. In the former an acute infarction was most often located in the posterior wall and in the latter in the anterior wall of the left ventricle. The prevalence of an occlusion was highest in the right coronary artery in the former and in the left anterior descending coronary artery in the latter; In medico-legally autopsied cases in which a recent myocardial infarction was observed the interventricular septum was involved in 81 percent, but in cases with an old infarction the septum was involved in only 52 percent. No difference in the size of the hearts, the frequency of an old infarction or the prevalence of coronary occlusions was found between persons autopsied in the pathologic and forensic departments. Although a previous angina was about equally common in both sexes, old infarctions were more common in men. The increase in heart weight had occurred proportionally to the same extent in both sexes.
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PMID:Deaths from ischemic heart disease in persons aged 65 or younger in Helsinki in 1970 with special reference to patho-anatomic findings in hearts.?211. 112 61

Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABC) provides effective mechanical circulatory assistance (MCA) in many patients with cardiac disease characterized by low cardiac output and/or myocardial ischemia. The intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) has been used almost exclusively in the care of patients with cardiac disease as their primary medical disorder. This report presents use of the IABP in three cases where cardiac disease was present, but abdominal pathology necessitating urgent surgical intervention was the primary medical concern. Experience with these three cases suggest that operative and early postoperative use of IABC in patients with documented heart disease undergoing major non-cardiac surgical procedures may reduce the high incidence of cardiac complications.
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PMID:Mechanical circulatory assistance with intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation for major abdominal surgery. 124 3

The cardiovascular effects of prolonged administration of levodopa were studied in 54 men and women with Parkinson's disease; 23 of them were younger than 70 and 31 were 70 or older. The patients were evaluated clinically before treatment was started and at regular intervals thereafter. The average optimal dosage of levodopa for both age groups was 3.0 and 2.5 gm per day, respectively, during an average treatment period of 20.7 months. Eleven patients showed hypotension (systolic BP of 105 mm Hg or less) that was not related to dosage; in only 6 did the drug have to be permanently discontinued because of syncope; 3 of this group had an associated psychiatric disorder. Four patients had pretreatment hypertension; in 3 the BP fell to normal during therapy; in the remaining patient the hypertension persisted and was successfully treated by an antihypertensive drug. In 5 patients an occasional atrial or ventricular ectopic beat was noted both before and during levodopa therapy but no therapeutic intervention was required. Thirty of the 46 patients with adequate ECG follow-up did not show any significant changes; 5 others showed an increase, and 11 a decrease in myocardial ischemia. Thus the administration of levodopa in elderly patients with or without heart disease is a relatively safe procedure. The only exception would be patients over 70 years of age with a history of previous myocardial infarction. In this group there seems to be a higher incidence of clinically significant hypotension. In such patients, levodopa therapy should be carried out with great caution.
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PMID:Cardiovascular effects of levodopa in aged versus younger patients with Parkinson's disease. 125 82

Estimation of exercise tolerance in patients with heart disease and significant symptoms can usually not be expressed in terms of maximal oxygen uptake or power at a fixed heart rate calculated from a 'steady state' exercise test. The exercise tolerance can be expressed only by the maximal power developed, when limited by symptoms. For this purpose the level of tolerance is better assessed by a test with small increments and short duration of each work load. In clinical practice this type of almost continuous increase in load was found to be particularly useful in patients with ischaemic heart disease. Comparative studies showed that the work per heart beat at equal loads is significantly higher in the test with continuous increase in load than in the test with steps of 6 minutes duration, both in normal subjects and in heart patients. The difference, however, is small (7%) and for practical purposes these tests have equal validity as a measure of the circulatory capacity.
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PMID:Design of exercise test, with special reference to heart patients. 125 43

Hemodynamic measurements were performed and ECG recorded before and shortly after infrarenal aortic cross-clamping during operation for abdominal aortic aneurysm in five patients without evidence of heart disease (group I) and in ten patients with severe coronary artery disease (group II). All patients sustained an increase in systemic arterial pressure. Group I demonstrated a decrease in pulmonary artery, pulmonary capillary wedge (PCW), and central venous pressures when the aorta was clamped, whereas group II demonstrated an increase. The difference in response of the groups is significant (P less than 0.05). All three patients who responded to cross-clamping with increases of 7 mm Hg or greater in PCW demonstrated myocardial ischemia during cross-clamping. None of the values measured prior to cross-clamping predicted with certainty the response to cross-clamping. Sodium nitroprusside reversed the elevation of left ventricular filling pressure in all three patients, and in two patients, relieved evidence of myocardial ischemia concurrently. In the third patient, ventricular irritability was abolished by lidocaine and did not recur. We conclude that infrarenal aortic cross-clamping may cause myocardial ischemia in patients with severe coronary artery disease. This ischemia may be predicted by a rise in PCW at the time of cross-clamping, and vasodilator therapy is indicated in such patients.
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PMID:Myocardial ischemia due to infrarenal aortic cross-clamping during aortic surgery in patients with severe coronary artery disease. 126 32

The aim of this study was to assess the diurnal variability of heart rate during VT. For the purpose of this investigation VT was considered to be a minimum of 3 consecutive ventricular beats in duration at a rate more than 100 bpm. From the group of 287 patients with VT during 24-hour ECG monitoring, a selection was made of 52 patients in whom episodes of monomorphic VT occurred in the day-time and night-time without any changes of the QRS morphology. Thirty one patients had ischemic heart disease, 10--dilated cardiomyopathy, 2--mitral valve prolapse and 10 patients had no evidence of heart disease. In these patients the rate of VT (HR-V), basic heart rate (HR-S) before VT, and coupling interval (CI) of VT initiating beat were measured during day-time and night-time. The mean VT rate was 170 +/- 34 bpm during day-time and 149 +/- 36 bpm during night-time (p < 0.001). The mean sinus rhythm rate was significantly (p < 0.001) greater during day-time (88 +/- 16 bpm) than at night (78 +/- 19 bpm). There was significant difference in the mean values of the CI between day-time and night-time (504 +/- 122 vs 589 +/- 181 ms). A significant correlation was noted between HR-V and HR-S at night (r = 0.73; p < 0.001) but not during day-time (r = 0.38). Thus, HR-V similarly as HR-S is greater during day-time than during night-time. Diurnal variability of HR-V may be related to changes in autonomic nervous system tone.
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PMID:[Diurnal variability of heart rate during paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia]. 128 89

A total of 166 patients who had one or more attacks of myocardial infarction and those with angina pectoris, forty-five relative of 18 hyperlipidemic survivors of ischaemic heart disease, and 330 healthy persons (controls) were investigated for serum lipid profiles. Fifty-six of the 166 patients were hyperlipidemic. The commonest abnormalities in lipoproteins were Types IIa, IIb and IV. 75.5% of the 45 relatives investigated were hyperlipidemic. The familial studies showed that hyperlipidemias occurred in the family members of persons with ischaemic heart disease suggesting that hyperlipidemia could play an important role in predisposing familial clustering of coronary heart disease. A family history of heart disease may be a useful marker for identifying persons who are more likely to have high levels of blood lipids for possible treatment.
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PMID:An assessment of serum lipid and lipoprotein levels in patients with ischaemic heart disease. 129 16


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