Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fish and fish oils are rich in omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids which are capable of acting as both a source of active eicosanoids and as inhibitors of synthesis of eicosanoids from arachidonic acid by a variety of human cells. There is an extensive literature on the role of omega 3 polyunsaturates in ameliorating the risk factors associated with coronary heart disease, including both atherosclerotic and thrombotic factors. In addition, there is a limited number of studies which report the results of trials testing the effects of fish oils on other clinical conditions including diabetes, arthritis, migraine and psoriasis. There appears to be sufficient evidence to suggest that patients at risk from heart disease could benefit from low dose (1-6 g/day) of fish oil in conjunction with a prudent diet.
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PMID:The effect of diets containing fish and fish oils on disease risk factors in humans. 307 53

Headache is a common affliction of humanity. The physician evaluating a patient who happens to have a history of headaches may naturally consider them as part of the disease when formulating a diagnosis, thus attributing undue significance to ordinary functional headaches. This may account for the myths that unruptured aneurysms or arteriovenous malformations cause headache and that migraine can eventually lead to stroke. Sometimes, however, headaches do warn of cerebrovascular disease or occur as part of that disease. The presence of headache may aid in or hinder diagnosis. Clues that a headache may indicate cerebrovascular disease are onset after the age of 35; pain described as "the worst headache ever"; persistent localization and progressive worsening of pain; and risk factors for cerebrovascular disease, such as advancing age, hypertension, bruits, and heart disease.
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PMID:Headache in cerebrovascular disease. A common symptom of stroke. 358 61

From among the pregnant women in the Collaborative Perinatal Project of the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke, we identified 508 who had migraine, and 3192 who had no history of migraine, of taking headache medication during the previous 12 months, and of headaches during the pregnancy. Migraineurs smoked more heavily and had a longer smoking history than their headache-free peers. Among migraineurs, smokers were not more likely to consume analgesics than nonsmokers. Regardless of smoking classification, more migraineurs consumed tranquilizers, amphetamines, and sleeping pills than headache-free women. Among smokers only, migraine was associated with heart disease, thrombosis/phlebitis, asthma, peptic ulcer, and pneumonia. In nonsmokers, migraine was associated with drug sensitivity and other allergies.
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PMID:Migraine and other diseases in women of reproductive age. The influence of smoking on observed associations. 363 73

The relationship between migraine and premature stroke and heart disease has been firmly established in the literature. The probable mechanism relates to release of vasoactive agents locally that produce intimal changes and if chronic may lead to permanent changes to the artery. We have attempted to identify individuals at risk for premature stroke utilizing the highly accurate B-mode real time carotid ultrasonogram. Sixteen patients demonstrated varying degrees of focal dilatation or plaque disease and 44% had abnormal Doppler flow studies. Since many of these patients were asymptomatic during the examination it is suggested that vascular changes may be more persistent than were previously suspected. These plaques, in the setting of increased platelet aggregability may be responsible for the augmented risk of stroke. Precise identification of these individuals can be easily accomplished with B-mode real time scanning (High resolution), and will allow for safe followup if specific dietary or drug interventions are contemplated.
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PMID:Focal vascular headaches with focal arterial disease. An ultrasonographic analysis. 402 23

This review was limited to topics of current concern with respect to the use of oral contraceptives (OCs). Thromboembolism, liver injury, fertility and infertility, miscellaneous adverse effects (such as headaches and psychological and metabolic effects), and acceptance were the topics covered. It was found that the risk of death due to pulmonary embolism or cerebral thrombosis among users of OCs amounted to 1.5 per 100,000 women aged 20-34 years as against .2 for a comparable group not using drugs; for users 35-44 years old the risk rose to 3.9 per 100,000 compared to .5 for nonusers. The increased risk associated with suppression of lactation by administration of diethylstilbestrol was most striking among women over 25 years of age; in this group the risk was 10-fold greater than that of lactating mothers. 1 report suggested that women with pulmonary hypertension due to congenital heart disease should probably not receive OCs. Contraindications to the use of OCs must now include any history of thromboembolic disease or disorders of the blood-clotting mechanism. There appeared to be a predisposing factor among women who develop jaundice while taking OCs. A remarkable number of such subjects had had idiopathic jaundice of pregnancy. There seems to be little evidence for permanent liver damage but very definite evidence for bile stasis and transient morphological changes. Much more work needs to be done before any adverse effect on fertility is established. In cases where fertility reduction is suspected, it must be demonstrable that fertility prior to the use of OCs was unimpared. Among 20 patients on OCs who had had migraine, the attacks became more intense and their frequency increased for 15 of the 20 patients. Generally speaking, those using the intrauterine device (IUD) were more persistent in accepting the method than those on OCs probably because the IUD may be used more extensively than OCs in underdeveloped countries.
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PMID:Effects of oral contraceptives. 489 31

Thirteen patients with syncope and bifascicular block were evaluated by electrophysiologic study (EPS) including programmed stimulation. The mean age was 62 years. Six patients had coronary artery disease, three had cardiomyopathy, and four showed no evidence of organic heart disease. Holter monitoring and neurologic evaluation were nondiagnostic in all patients prior to EPS. EPS demonstrated inducible ventricular tachycardia (VT) in four patients, an HV interval greater than or equal to 70 msec in four, intra- and infra-His block with atrial pacing in one, and was nondiagnostic in four patients. Four of six patients with an HV interval greater than or equal to 70 msec or pacing-induced infranodal block were treated with permanent pacemakers, four of four patients with VT received antiarrhythmic therapy, and three of four patients with nondiagnostic studies received no therapy (one patient received a permanent pacemaker). During a mean follow-up period of 19 months (range 3 to 60 months) all but three patients have been free of syncope. One patient with VT did not take prescribed antiarrhythmic therapy, another patient with VT died suddenly; the remaining patient had a normal study and basilar migraines were subsequently diagnosed. We conclude that: (1) ventricular tachycardia may be a significant cause of syncope in patients with bifascicular block and was induced by programmed stimulation in approximately one third of patients studied; (2) EPS including programmed stimulation is helpful in delineating both the etiology of syncope and appropriate treatment in patients with bifascicular block. A negative study may also be of prognostic value.
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PMID:Electrophysiologic evaluation of syncope in patients with bifascicular block. 661 15

Fifty-nine patients had arteriography because of episodes of amaurosis fugax. Only one third of them had atherosclerotic lesions potentially treatable by carotid endarterectomy. Another third had normal arteriograms, some of these had migraine, heart disease or platelet disorders presumed to be the cause of their symptoms. Patients with amaurosis fugax are a heterogeneous group, and their visual symptoms should not be considered a specific indicator of stenosis of the internal carotid artery.
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PMID:Amaurosis fugax: the results of arteriography in 59 patients. 665 58

The cranial computerized axial tomography (CAT) findings in groups of patients with epilepsy, migraine, hypertension, and other general medical disorders have been reviewed to assess the frequency and patterns of focal and diffuse brain damage. In addition to demonstrating focal lesions in a proportion of patients with seizures and in patients presenting with a stroke, the CAT scan showed a premature degree of cerebral atrophy in an appreciable proportion of patients with long-standing epilepsy, hypertension and diabetes, and in some patients with migraine, valvular and ischaemic, heart disease, chronic obstructive airways disease, and chronic renal failure. The value of CAT as a means of screening for brain damage in groups of individuals at risk is discussed.
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PMID:Computerized axial tomography in the detection of brain damage. 2. Epilepsy, migraine, and general medical disorders. 746 20

The authors use the term "complicated migraine" to describe the onset of neurological disorder occurring during an acute attack in a patient with chronic migraine. The disturbance may last for long periods or may be permanent, and these irreversible cerebral lesions have to be differentiated from the transient neurological effects characteristic of ophthalmic on secondary migraine. Patients with migraine and retinal lesions, as well as those with ophthalmoplegic or familial hemiplegic migraine, were excluded from the study. The seven cases reported included 5 women and 2 men with an average age of 30 years (from 14 to 51 years). A more or less severe lesion in a hemisphere was present, which led to sensory-motor signs of a hemiplegia (4 cases), an aphasia (4 cases), and a homonymous lateral hemianopia (3 cases). Exploration revealed the presence of an ischemic cerebral lesion in all cases. One or more arterial occlusions were also noted in 5 out of the 6 patients who were investigated by angiography. All cases showed the presence of the criteria thought to be essential for associating the cerebral ischemic lesion with migraine. 1) the patient had true migraine, 2) there was a close chronological relationship between the migraine attack and the lasting neurological disorder, 3) no other associated vascular disease was present (atheroma, cardiopathy). The very severe and prolonged spasm, which could be the cause of neurological disturbances in secondary and ophthalmic migraine, does not appear to be sufficient for producing an irreversible ischemic lesion and, more especially, a persistent vascular obstruction. The roles played by edema of the arterial wall and parietal changes in the vessels are discussed. It could be that thrombosis formation is encouraged by the changes in blood coagulability which may be associated with a migraine attack. The fact that anomalies in platelet aggregation have been demonstrated merits closer study.
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PMID:[Cerebral ischemic accidents during migraine attacks. A report on "complicated migraine"]. 746 14

Clinical features of thalamic strokes have not been well delineated in children. Six children with ischemic thalamic infarcts (3 M, 3 F; age range: 21 months to 14 1/2 years) are reported. Three patients had infarction in the thalamoperforate artery territory and all had a decreased level of consciousness and hemiparesis; two of them also had associated ocular motility abnormalities. One patient with left thalamotuberal artery stroke presented with aphasia. Two patients with thalamogeniculate artery infarcts had hemiparesis and involvement of the posterior cerebral artery. Etiologic factors in our patients were: infectious vasculitis, congenital heart disease, migraine, and unknown in 1 patient each and trauma in 2 patients. Follow-up information was available for 5, 4 of whom recovered completely. One patient was left with a neurologic deficit. We conclude that the prognosis of ischemic thalamic strokes in children is relatively good.
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PMID:Ischemic thalamic infarction in children: clinical presentation, etiology, and outcome. 757 47


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