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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study was aimed to evaluate the noninvasive method of radioisotopic angiocardiography for detecting a disproportionate thickning of the interventricular septum relative to the left ventricular free wall in the patient with idiopathic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The experimental study was performed to compare the imaged size of myocardial wall obtained my filling up with technetium 99 m labeled sponge in biventricular cavities, with the actually measured thickness of the heart specimen. The resultant correlation between actual and imaged size of the left ventricular wall was excellent (r = 0.95). In the clinical application of this method, a gated cardiac blood pool scan was performed after the intravenous administration of technetium 99 m labeled human serum albumin in a dose of 10 mCi. The cardiac images were obtained in anterior, 30, 35, 40 and 45 degree left anterior oblique projection, and evaluated by visual inspection and semi-quantitatively by tracing the myocardial borders. As a result, the imaged asymmetric septal hypertrophy was evident in all four patients with PMD, with a ratio of septum to left ventricular free wall of 1.35 compared to 0.76 in five patients with left ventricular hypertrophy of known heart disease, and 0.88 in twenty-one miscellaneous cardiac patients without left ventricular hypertrophy. Thus, RI angiocardiography provides a safe, repeatable method for detection and evaluation of Primary Myocardial Disease.
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PMID:[RI angiocardiography of idiopathic cardiomyopathy (author's transl)]. 13 76

During a review of all cases of heart disease, including hypertensive cardiac failure, seen in Botswana during a period of sixteen months by one Specialist Physician observer, the importance of Idiopathic Cardiomyopathy as the commonest cause of cardiac failure clearly emerged. The aetiology of this condition and its relationship to hypertension and other factors causing an increased load on the myocardium are discussed. Viral myocarditis is presented as a separate entity, possibly playing a part in causation.
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PMID:Idiopathic cardiomyopathy in Botswana. 44 85

Four Black South African patients, representative of a larger group, are described in detail. The common features were long periods of observation, multiple hospital admissions in both normotensive and hypertensive cardiac failure, hypertensive retinopathy and good renal function. All had been diagnosed as having cardiomyopathy. Two of the patients in a normotensive phase became hypertensive after responding to therapy for heart failure. One patient with malignant hypertension showed the features of idiopathic cardiomyopathy at necropsy. These cases are regarded as evidence in favour of the hypothesis that many cases of cryptogenic heart disease (cardiomyopathy, congestive cardiomyopathy, idiopathic cardiomegaly) are in fact cases of hypertension presenting with normotensive cardiac failure.
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PMID:Hypertensive heart disease and cardiomyopathy in blacks. Diagnostic confusion. 45 82

A study of 17 parents (obligate heterozygotes) of children with Friedreich's ataxia was carried out. In addition to medical histories and physical examinations, a standard 12 lead ECG tracing was obtained. In the age group below 50, there was no significant evidence of ischaemic or primary cardiomyopathy. Older subjects had more frequent risk factors for arteriosclerotic heart disease.
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PMID:Cardiovascular evaluation of obligate heterozygotes in Friedreich's ataxia. 48 2

Long term clinical courses of a patient and her family with idiopathic cardiomyopathy and WPW syndrome were described. The mother and her brother (the first generation) had died of heart disease, and 1 sibling had also died suddenly of heart disease when the study began. Seven out of the 8 siblings (the second generation) were followed for 17 years from 1958 to 1976. The 4 siblings had both typical or atypical WPW syndrome and cardiomegaly in 1958, 2 of them died suddenly and unexpectedly, 1 of them died of congestive heart failure, and 1 of them did not have any complaint during the period. One was normal in 1958 but developed cardiomegaly and atypical WPW syndrome in 1976. The other 2 were normal in both 1958 and 1976. The 2 children of the second sibling (the third generation) were followed simultaneously for 15 years. Both had WPW syndrome without cardiomegaly. It was suggested that a late onset of the disease could occur in the family with young onset, that the clinical course might become different mainly by sudden cardiac death which occurred only in the members with abnormal findings, and that WPW syndrome and cardiomegaly could be inherited or occur together in the same generation but separately in the different generation.
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PMID:A 17-year follow-up study of a family with idiopathic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and WPW syndrome. 56 5

All autopsies on Black patients who died of heart disease at Baragwanath Hospital were examined for the years 1959, 1960 and 1976. The commonest form of heart disease encountered in South African Blacks is undoubtedly hypertensive heart disease and by far the majority of these cases are of essential hypertension. There appears to have been a slight rise in the incidence of hypertension. Rheumatic heart disease is extremely common, and affects young people, who often have advanced valvular lesions by puberty. The incidence of idiopathic cardiomyopathy does not seem to have altered materially, although there has perhaps been a slight drop, which may be accounted for by the tendency of clinicians to place cases of congestive cardiac failure with mild hypertension in the hypertensive group rather than in the idiopathic cardiomyopathy group. There was a significant alteration in the incidence of myocardial infarction; in 1959 and 1960 these cases comprised less than 1% of all cardiac deaths but in 1976 they comprised nearly 12%. There has also been a dramatic fall in the incidence of cardiovascular syphilis.
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PMID:The changing pattern of heart disease in South African Blacks. 60 91

Quantitative one-plane cineangiocardiography in right anterior oblique position for evaluation of LV performance was carried out in 62 patients with various heart diseases and in 13 subjects with normal LV. Parameters for evaluating both pump and muscle performances were derived from volume and pressure measurements. Of 31 patients with either systolic hypertension or LV myocardial diseases (coronary artery disease or idiopathic cardiomyopathy), 14 had clinical evidence of LV failure before the study. It was found that mean VCF and EF were most sensitive indicators of impaired LV performance among the various parameters. There was a close correlation between mean VCF and EF, yet discordant changes of both parameters were noted in some patients. Furthermore, wall motion abnormalities were not infrequently observed in patients with coronary artery disease or primary cardiomyopathy. Therefore, assessment of at least three ejection properties (EF, mean VCF and wall motion abnormalities) are considered to be essential for full understanding of derangement of LV function in heart disease. This is especially true of patients with coronary artery disease. LV behavior in relation to different pathological stresses or lesions, such as chronic pressure or volume load, myocardial disease and mitral stenosis, was also studied and possible cause of impaired LV myocardial function in mitral stenosis was discussed.
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PMID:Left ventricular performance in various heart diseases with or without heart failure:--an appraisal by quantitative one-plane cineangiocardiography. 63 94

"Cardiomyopathy", a term formerly used for heart muscle disease of unknown aetiology, is at present applied to all myocardial diseases other than coronary-heart disease. This definition includes many different forms of metabolic disorders of heart muscle. Four manifestations of metabolic myocardial disease, differing in their aetiology and pathogenesis are distinguished: (1) "transport" myocardosis, (2) "arthrocytotic" myocardosis, (3) myocardia, and (4) idiopathic cardiomyopathy. They are differentiated by combined morphological and quantitative mineral examination. "Transport" myocardosis is the most common form and its particular aetiology can be further specified. Cause of death in patients with metabolic disorders often remains undiscovered even at autopsy. Combination of histological and quantitative mineral analysis of myocardium can further define the particular form.
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PMID:[Myocardosis - myocardia - cardiomyopathy (author's transl)]. 94 24

Electrophysiological and histopathological examinations were carried out in 2 patients with persistent atrial standstill. Intracardiac studies revealed that atrial standstill was due to atrial inexcitability. It was demonstrated in both patients that prolongation of the H-V interval and the duration of H deflection was associated with complete right bundle branch block and that the escape rhythm was an A-V junctional origin. Histologically, marked fibrosis of the right atrium and fibrous strands in the right ventricle were demonstrated in a 69-year-old man with idiopathic cardiomyopathy. In another female patient with peripartum heart disease aged 40 years, there was moderate degeneration of the myocardium in the right ventricle. The results of electron microscopic observations are also presented. The importance of the examination of His bundle electrography in persistent atrial standstill and the diagnostic criteria and treatment of this lesion are discussed.
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PMID:Persistent atrial standstill due to atrial inexcitability. An electrophysiological and histological study. 118 87

The long-term results of pediatric heart transplantation were evaluated in 53 patients, aged 0.25 to 18.94 years, who received transplants at Stanford University Medical Center between 1974 and 1989. Indications for transplantation were idiopathic cardiomyopathy (68%), congenital heart disease (21%), endocardial fibroelastosis (8%), and doxorubicin cardiomyopathy (3%). Immunosuppression was achieved with combinations of cyclosporine, prednisone, and azathioprine. Thirty-seven of 42 recipients leaving the hospital after transplantation were alive and in New York Heart Association class I at study's end. Cumulative survival was 79% at 1 year, 76% at 3 years, and 69% at 5 years. Fourteen recipients have survived more than 5 years (5.1 to 12.4 years). Hospital readmission for illness has been infrequent, decreasing from 6.8 days to 0.9 days per year over 5 years. Eleven patients have required no rehospitalization. Posttransplant deaths were due to infection (19%), rejection (4%), pulmonary hypertension (4%), coronary artery disease (2%), and lymphoproliferative disease (2%). Retransplantation was required for intractable rejection in 4 patients and advanced coronary artery disease in 2. Hypertension and elevated blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels were common in individuals receiving cyclosporine. Growth was often impaired in prepubertal children receiving daily prednisone. Based on this 15-year experience, it is concluded that heart transplantation represents a reasonable alternative for selected young patients with end-stage cardiac disease.
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PMID:Pediatric heart transplantation at Stanford: results of a 15-year experience. 186 16


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