Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Atrial premature beats are caused by premature and abnormal depolarization of the atria, responsible for an anticipated QRS complex. Usually, the shape of this complex is identical to that of sinus beats. The diagnosis is made by electrocardiography, but it may meet with problems due to lack of recognition of premature P waves (and the more so as these may not give a ventricular response) or to the deformation of the QRS complex by a bundle branch block mimicking a ventricular premature beat. As in all instances, premature atrial beats are generally followed by a pause. Atrial premature beats, isolated in most cases, may trigger off supraventricular tachycardia episodes of varying duration. The clinical expression of atrial premature beats ranges from perceptible palpitations to complete latency. The decision to treat is determined by the functional repercussions of the disorder. Supplementary data are always useful to evaluate the significance of the disorder. Using the Holter recording system makes it possible to count the premature beats over a 24 h period, to find out whether they are preponderant in day time (suggesting an adrenergic factor) or at night (suggesting vagotonic disorders), and to identify bouts of atrial fibrillation that would have not been felt. Investigations for an underlying heart disease are mandatory. Any one of the cardiopathies of adulthood, and notably mitral valve lesions, may be encountered, as well as congenital heart diseases such as interatrial communication. The frequency of atrial premature beats tends to increase as cardiac failure develops, and its course can be made worse by some drugs (such as digitalis compounds) or by metabolic disorders (e.g. hypokaliaemia). However, there are many cases where no cardiopathy is detected. Within the group of isolated atrial premature beats, disorders found in athletes (in theory manifestations of hypervagotonia) can be individualized. In practice, therapeutic abstention is the rule, especially when premature beats are latent. In cases with poor functional tolerance, nervous sedatives of beta-blockers may be useful. Antiarrhythmic drugs are rarely necessary, but they may be prescribed if episodes of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation are present.
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PMID:[What is a practical approach to atrial extrasystole?]. 769 54

We have isolated, mapped and sequenced the 5' promoter region of the human SH3BGR (SH3-Binding Glutamine Rich) gene located in the Down syndrome region-2, between markers D21S55 and MX1 of human chromosome 21. This region has been postulated as the minimal region for congenital heart disease and 6 facial and dermatoglyphic features present in Down syndrome. The SH3BGR gene is expressed in fetal and adult heart and in skeletal muscle and therefore it is a candidate gene for the congenital heart defect and muscle hypotonia. The 5' region of the gene has been positioned in a 115 kb PAC/cosmid contig with full EcoRI/SmaI restriction map covering cosmid pockets 122-123 as well as cosmid pocket 124 located between markers D21S268 and D21S220. Sequencing of the SH3BGR promoter region has allowed the identification of several potential regulatory elements of this candidate gene for the congenital heart disease and other potential DS features. Several of the elements identified are also present in other muscle-expressed genes.
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PMID:High-resolution physical map and identification of potentially regulatory sequences of the human SH3BGR located in the Down syndrome chromosomal region. 942 70

Continuous monitoring of the electrocardiogram has become a commonly used technique in the safety assessment of new drugs when these are administered to human beings for the first time. Disturbances of cardiac rhythm have been observed with cardiac monitoring during clinical pharmacology studies in normal healthy volunteers. It is often difficult to assess the clinical significance of these rhythms especially when these rhythms occur following the administration of new drugs to human beings for the first time. Certain arrhythmias are frequently noted in normal healthy adults, including sinus bradycardia, sinus arrhythmia, the Wenckebach type of second-degree AV block (Mobitz I), atrioventricular junctional rhythm, PAC's, and PVC's. PAC's and PVC's are commonly observed, although greater than 50 PVC's/24 hr and greater than 100 PAC's/hr are relatively rare. Atrial couplets/atrial tachycardia and ventricular couplets/nonsustained ventricular tachycardia are relatively rare, but nevertheless do occur on occassion in normal healthy adults. With these consideration in mind, a guideline for the interpretation and reporting of cardiac arrhythmias occurring during clinical pharmacology studies in normal healthy adults is presented. The absence of symptoms or structural heart disease are important considerations in the evaluation of arrhythmias in normal healthy adults. The severity and seriousness of the adverse experience should be left up to the investigator's discretion. Rechallenge with active drug or placebo should be considered on a case-by-case basis.
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PMID:Cardiovascular Monitoring in Normal Healthy Adults: A Literature Review and Recommendations for the Reporting of Disturbances of Cardiac Rhythm. 1185 4

If a patient has premature beats, it is essential to clarify whether they are associated with a heart disorder or some other disease. The basis for an examination for all patients is the rest-ECG. Ultrasound examination is indicated, if the symptoms are severe or findings indicating a heart disorder are present. The occurrence of severe symptoms, such as episodes of tachycardia and attacks of unconsciousness, is mapped in an interview and they are an indication for further investigations within specialized care. Atrial extrasystoles as such do not require any treatment unless they are accompanied by atrial fibrillation.
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PMID:[Investigation and treatment of premature beats]. 2361 25

The study was organized to evaluate sensitivity and specificity of CD64 index and relative amount of HLA-DR+ monocytes in diagnostic of sepsis in children of first year of life after surgery correction if congenital heart disease in conditions of artificial circulation. To detect CD64 index the kit Leuko64 (Beckman Coulter USA) was applied. The relative amount of HLA-DR+ monocytes was measured by flow cytofluorimeter Navios (Beckman Coulter, USA) using combination of monoclonal antibodies CD14-APC, HLA-DR-PacificBlue, CD45-KrOr. The results of study established that CD64 index in the group with confirmed or supposed sepsis consisted 2.29 (1.96:3.32) that statistically is reliably higher (p = 0.001) than in group without sepsis. The study established no statistically reliable differences in concentration of C-reactive protein in blood serum (p-0.123), absolute amount of leukocytes in peripheral blood (p = 0.128), relative amount of HLA-DR+ monocytes (p = 0.789). It is demonstrated that value of CD64 index higher than 2.00 increases the risk of development of sepsis up to 9.4 times and can be used as a diagnostic criterion of sepsis (AUC = 0.895) with sensitivity up to 80% and specificity up to 90%. The negative prognostic significance of CD64 index and content of procalcitonin in relation to development of sepsis in children of first year of life operated in conditions of artificial circulation amounted to 74% and 76% and 77% and 64% in case of positive prognostic significance correspondingly.
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PMID:[The flow cytometry in diagnostic of sepsis in children of first year of life with congenital heart disease and operated in conditions of artificial circulation]. 2534 83


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